A L D 



with the diflTvT.tcrj ; ^r,t r^? dr.-n-l of innorfttion has jUvnys 

 prcveiUfd tli-.- ■ n. IVfidcs the jiitfLT- 



iriLn:.-! ab(.vc i. jioficirtd the living of 



Weill, k .Shroplhirc, and in 1702 iu- waschofen piolojulor 

 of the convi)i:jtion. In 11 10 he died at hit college, leaving 

 ail order tj bo buried, without any ircmorial, 'w. the cathedra^ 

 " I11S modelly and humility, his eafy pleafanti •-, his at- 

 tention to acad^-niic buiinefs, and to the credit of his college, 

 his exertions for the enioiimjen'.ent of learning, and the 

 pioofs which 111., rr.cnioiis ai'foid of reputable talents, yar;o'.;s 

 rccoirplilhmrias and amiable q-,:ahlicf, unite to tranfmit his 

 napie uitb honour to poderity." Biog. Brit. Durney's 

 'and Hawkins's Hilt, of Mufic. Gen. Biog. 



ALDROVANDA, in Botany, a genus of the /OT//7M<^Wa 

 ftvtngjnia clafs and order ; the characters of v.-'iich are, that 

 the calyx is a five-parted, erect, equal, permanent perian- 

 ihium ; the corolla has five petals, oblor-jT. acuminate, of 

 the length of the calyx, and permanent ; the ftaniina have 

 filaraents of the length of the Rowers, and fiinple anthers ; 

 the pillillum has a globofegerm, flyles very fhoit, and oUtufe 

 ftignias ; the pericarpium is a globofe capfule with five' blunt 

 angles, five-valved, one-celled ; and the feeds arc ten, longiOi, 

 fixed to the inner wall of the pericarpium. There is one 

 fpecies, ris. A. vfjictilo/a, lenticula of Plukenet, and bucarda 

 of Aublaine, which is found in marflies, both in Italy and 

 India, with bladders like utricularia.but in bunches. Martyn. 

 ALDROVANDI, Ulvsses, mBiogmphy, a cclcbnitcd 

 naturalift, foniitimes called the MoJeni Pliny, was born of 

 a noble family, at Bologna; in IJ22, and puriucd his ihulics 

 partly at his native place and partly at Padua. The truth 

 of his religious opinions having been fufpetVed, he travelled 

 .to Rome in 1550, for the pnrpofe of vindicating himfelf; 

 and there he took the advantage of Studying the antiquities 

 of the place, and dr;w up a treat'fe on the ancient flatues, 

 which was publiihed in the work of his friend Lucio Mauro, 

 on Roman antiejuities. O.i this occallon he likewile became 

 acquainted with Rondelezio, whofe refearches into the hif- 

 tory of fifnes gave him a tafte for the knowledge ef nature. 

 Upon his return to Bologna he engaged in the ftiidy of 

 Botany, and went to Pifa to obtain afTiitance from profeflbr 

 Ghini. Having gi-aduated in phync at Bologna in 1553, 

 he was in the following year appoir.tcd to the chairs of phi- 

 lofophy and logic, and to the Icfturcfliip of botany, and by 

 his intereft the botar.ical garden of Bologna was founded in 

 1567. The duties of las profefiion, to which he feduloufiy 

 attended, did not prevent his devoting his time and property 

 to the important objtCts of collecting books, conducting an 

 extenfivv." correfpondence, and taking journeys, v ith a view 

 to obtain information concerning ever)' branch of natural 

 hiftor)-. He alfo expended large fums, and involved himfelf 

 in pecuniarv- diilicultics, in the defigii of forming a mufcum 

 of rare and curious productions, and in employing the belt 

 artifts in delineating them. He not only caufed to be de- 

 lineated the external face of the objects he deieribes, but 

 frecuently gives anatomical accounts of their internal Rruc- 

 ture, with the ufes of the parts ; more efpecially of birds, 

 in which he made fome valuable difcoveries. As the rcfult 

 of this labour and expcnce, ht uubliflied four folio volumes 

 with plates : three on ornithology, and one on infects. One 

 volume on bloodlcfs animals, and another on fillies, were 

 l-.kev/ife compofed by him. The reft, making the whole 

 number i 3 volumes, and treating on fei"pents, quadrupeds, 

 monfters, metals and trees, were ctimpiled after his death, 

 principally from the materials which he had collected. For 

 the titles of the feveral treatifes, fee Haller's Bib. Botanica, 

 Anatomica, and Medica, under the art. Alttro-vandus. Not- 

 withftanding the liberal afiiftance which he received in the 

 execution of his cxtcnfive and magnificent plan, the expcnce 



ALE 



of it ruined his fortune and exhaufted all his refqurccj fo 

 completely, that he died, in 1 605, after having loft his figid, 

 as it is faid, at the holpital in Bologna, at the advanced 

 age of 83 years. Hallcr 1V.)S, that lie qtianellcd with the 

 apothecarie? and phyficians at Boiogoa, and v.as expelled the 

 college of phyficians. To his c; si. try he bequeathed liis 

 immcnfe coUettion, and it formed the bafis of the mufeum 

 now cxifting at Bologna, whe/c his memoi-y is held in great 

 and deferved honour. Although his induftiy and '/eal ieem 

 to have exceeded his judgment, and his works ate defective 

 in arrangement, and abound with fuperfluous and dubioui 

 matters, yet natural h'.ftoiy is greatly indebted to his dili- 

 gence and liberality. BufTon calls him tht molt laborious 

 and learned of all the naturalifts, and commends tlie plan 

 and diftribution of his work, and theexactnefs of his de- 

 fcriptions. Bayle obfenrts, that antiquity does not furnifl'. 

 us v- ith a defign fo extenfive and laborious as that of Al- 

 drovandus with regard to natural hiftory, Pliny, he fays, 

 has treated of a greater number of fubiects, but he only 

 touches them lightly, and fays but little upon any thing, 

 whereas Aldrovandus has colltCled all he could meet with. 

 His Hortus Siccus, or colleftion of dried fpecimens of 

 plants, which filled fixteen large folio volunies, was cxifting, 

 Haller lays, near a century after the collection was formed. 

 Befidts his manufcripts in natural hillory, heleft^various writ- 

 ings in almoft every other dejiartm.ent of the arts and fciences. 

 His praifes are celebrated by Barberini, afterwards p>5{»£ 

 Urban Viri. in the following epigra;n ; 



" Multiplices rerum formas quas pontus et aether, 

 Exhibet et quicquid promit et andit humus, 

 Mens haurit, ipeclant ociih, dum cancta fagacj 

 Aldobrande tuus digerit arte liber. 

 Miratur proprios folers induttria foctuS 

 C]h!amque tulit mali fe negat efTe parem, 

 Obitupet ipfa fimul rerjui foccur.Ja creatrix, 

 £t cupit clfe fuum quod vidit artis opus." 



" The various fwms that fv.im the wateiy plains, 



Whate'er the earth's capacious womb contains. 



The trees and herbs that on her face appear, 



And all the wing'd inhabitants of air. 



In thy itupendous work collected lie, 



To feail the foul, and ftrii^e th' aftonifti'd eye. 



Her own productions iuduili-y no more 



Dares own, but wondero at the fruit file bore ; 



And fruitful nature at thy deeCa ama/.'d, 



Wilhes her own thofe works thy art liHS rais'd." 



Gen. Diet. 



ALDUABIS, or Aldua Dvbis, now Doui or 

 D-ot'ES, in ytncknt Geography, a river of Celtic Gaul, which 

 rofe in Mount Jura, and feparating the Sequani from the 

 Helvctii, and running tlirough Burgundy, or the Franche 

 Comtc, ahiioft encompaffed Befan(,on, and fell into the 

 Saone, n?ar Chalons. The word is formed of Aldua, the 

 Aide, and Dubis, the Doux, the names of two rivers which 

 unite near Montbeliard. 



AI.DUDES, in Geography, mountains that are part of 

 the P)renees, in Lower Navane, between Pampehma and 

 St. Jean Pie de Port. 



ALE, a kingdom of Africa, in Guinea, to the fouth of 

 Senegal, and almoft oppofite to Cap;; Verd. Its capital, 

 which is the refidence of the king, is Yagog. N. lat. 13"-. 

 W. long. 12° 46". 



Ale, a river of Scotland, which nuis into the Tiviotj 

 three miles north-north-weft of Jedburgh. 



Ale, in jincient Geography, a town of Afia, upon the 

 coaft of Syria, between Pcdalia and Selinus. 



Ale, 



