ALL 



edgtd, leaves linear, flat, anJ ihrec-ciilpcJ iTamcns ; If a na- 

 tive of Sibeiia, and introductd into Kew g;irden in 17H5 by 

 iJr. W. Pitcairn. 31. A. afralonicum, cepa afcalonica of 

 Mor^fon, crpa ftcrilis of Banliiii, iliallot and elcliallotte, 

 vith fcape colnmnar, leaves awl-fliaped, umbel globofe, and 

 thrce-cuiped llaincns : tliis fpccies lias a conglobate root 

 confilliiig of numerous oblong parts bound together by 

 moans of a tliin delicati.' membranaceous covering, each of 

 which fends forth two or throe long fillular awl-(haped leaves 

 from a (lieath nearly liivc thofe of the common onion ; the 

 llowor-ftoms ilTue from membranaceous flieaths, are round, 

 marly naked, and terminated by globular umbels of flowers, 

 that have erect faucer-fliaped petals, of the length of the 

 ftamina, and of a purpHUi colour : the roots are very pun- 

 gent, have a ftrong but lalher pleafant Imell, on which ac- 

 count they are generally preferred to the onion f8r various 

 purpofcs of cookcrv ; was found by Hafielquill, native, in 

 Pa'elline, and cultivated htrc in 1633. 3^- A. _/('Hi?/f««, 

 Narcillus-leavcd onion or G. with fcape two-edged, leaves 

 linear, convex beneath, fmooth, umbel roundiih, and awl- 

 fliaped ftamens, joined by Haller and Scopoli to the A. an- 

 gulofum, is a native of Sibeiia, the Alps, Silefia, and the 

 iflaiid of Sicily, and cultivated by Gerard in 1596. 33. 

 A. illyi'icum, with a colnmnar fcape, leaves linear-lanceo- 

 lalcd, flat, umbel flat-topped, and a\vl-(hapod fliamens, grows 

 naturally in the vine and olive yards of Auftria. WiUdenow. 

 34. A. odonim, fwect-fmelling G. with fcape nearly co- 

 lumnar, leaves linear, channelled, angular beneath, umbel 

 flat-topped, is a native of the fouth of Europe, China, Ja- 

 pan, &c. 35. A. inoi/onim, Carolina G. with fcape naked, 

 fnbtriquetrous, leaves linear, flat, keeled beneath, umbel faf- 

 tigiate floriferous, and fimple ftamens, is a native of Carolina, 

 introduced in 1776 by the Duchefs dowager of Portland, 

 and flowers in March and April. 36. A. angulofum, cepa 

 of Gmelin, angiJar-fcaped G. with fcape two-edged, leaves 

 linear-channelled, fomewhat angular beneath, and flat-topped 

 umbel, is a native of Siberia, Italy, Auilria, Switzerland, 

 and Germany, in moift places. 37. A. Jiriatum, with a 

 three-cornered fcape, hnear leaves, ftriated with furrows be- 

 neath, faftigiated umbel, obtufe petals and fimple ftamens, 

 is a native of the Cape of Good Hope. 38. A. narc'iffiflo- 

 Tum, with a columnar fcape, linear awl-fhaped leaves, fafti- 

 giated umbel, or umbel terminal inclined, pointed petals, 

 or petals lanceolated, and fimple ftamens, fliorter than the 

 corolla, is a native of the mountains in the fouthern paj-ts of 

 France, 39. A. pedctnontanum, with a four-cornered fcape, 

 linear obtufe leaves, and few-flowered umbel, is a native of 

 the Alps of Piedmont. 40. A nigrum, A. multibulbofum 

 of Jacquin and Murray, A. monfpefliilanum of Gouan, 

 both of which are in Gmelin's Linnaeus charaflerifed as 

 ditlindl fpecies, black G. with fcape columnar, leaves li- 

 near, (lanceolated, Willd.) umbel hemifpherical, petals eveft, 

 (patent, Willd.) fpathe pointed and bifid, (ftamens fimple, 

 Willd.) is a native of Provence, Italy, Auftria, and the 

 neighbourhood of Algiers, and cultivated in 1 759 by Miller. 

 41. A. Cdiiadenfe, Canada tree onion, with fcape columnar, 

 leaves hnear, and head bulb-bearing, is a native of North 

 America : this fpecies has a perennial root ; fmooth, flat, 

 ftraight leaves, fix. or feven inches in length ; fteni cylindri- 

 cal, fmooth, nearly naked, hardly longer than the leaves, 

 fpathe ovate, ftiarpifh, and pointed, flovvers few and whitilh, 

 petals oval, the filaments fimple, nearly of the length of the 

 corolla, having brownilh red anthers. 42. A. mfuium, 

 A. fylveftre latifolium of Ray, broad-leaved G. or Ramfons, 

 with fcape ihreo-fided, (femi-cylindric. Smith,) leaves lan- 

 ceolate, petiolate, and flat-topped umbel, flowers large, nu- 

 merous, and white ; is a native of Sv.cden, Denmark, Ger- 



A L L 



many, Switzerland, and Italy, in woods and moi(\ (l-.ady- 

 placcs, and with us in England it is frequent in fuch fitua- 

 tions. It is perennial, and flowers in May and June : tht 

 fmell and tafte, according to Haller and Scopoli, are vei-y 

 acrid : Dr. Smith fays, that the plant has a ftrong fmell o{ 

 garfic, and that it affords to flieep and cattle a palture not 

 difagreeable ; the milk is of courle nauftous and fa?tid ; and 

 other plants near it do not flourifli. 43. A. Chifutmtm, Moly 

 minus of Clufuis, with columnai fcape ; linear, fiat, ciliated 

 leaves ; few-flowered umbel, and obovated concave petals ; a 

 native of the fouthern parts of Europe. 44. A. triqudrurif 

 three-cornered Moly, Mo!y of Parkiufon and Ray, with 

 fcape and leaves three-fided, and fimple ftamens, is a native 

 of Italy, and Spain about Narbonne, and cultivated in 1768 

 by MilLr. 45. A. cepa, cepa of Miller and Bauhin, com- 

 mon onion, with fcape ivvcUing out below, and longer than 

 the columnar leaves, is well known by its fiftular leaves and 

 fwelling ftalks : it differs from t!ie garlic only in having a 

 fwelliiig pipy ftalk, that is confiderably larger in the middle 

 than at the extremities : the Latin name cepa, fays Mr. Mar- 

 tyn, is derived from caput, a head, on account of the form 

 of its bulb, and for the fame reafon the Greeks called it 

 xpo/x^uc/». Others derive it from yfiiot a:olice ■yunov, or from 

 yr,^u and yaif'j ajolice iovyrfju. The Engliih and French name 

 are deduced from the Latin vn'io, becaufe the bulb never 

 throws out any oft-fets : the varieties of the common onion 

 are, the Strafburgh, or common oval ; the Spanifii, filver 

 fliinned and red il^inned ; the Portugal great oval onion j 

 and the Tripoli : all thefe vaiy from feeds, and there are fe- 

 veral intermediate differences not worth eraimerating. 46^ 

 A. Jllo/t, yellow Moly, with fcape fub-cylindric, 'leaves 

 lanceolate, fcfiile, and umbel level-topped, is a native of 

 Hungary, on Monte Baldo, about Montpellier, and on the 

 Pyrenees, and cultivated in 1604 by Edward Lord Zoiich : 

 it was formerly prcfcrved in gardens for the fake of variety, 

 but moft perfons have rooted it out on account of its vcrj 

 ftrong garlic taint. 47. A. tncoccum, tiiree-fceded G. with 

 fcape naked, femi-coliimnai', leaves lanceolate-oblong, flat, 

 fmooth, umbel globular, and feeds folitary, is a native of 

 North America, and introduced in 1770 by Mr. W. Young. 

 48. A. Jijiuhj'um, Welch onion, or ciboule, with fcape 

 equalling the colum.nar fwelhng leaves, is perennial, and 

 does not form bulbs like the common onion : it was culti- 

 vated in 1629 : the A. altaieum of Pallas, a native of Sibe- 

 ria, is of a fmaller fize, and a variety of this fpecies : in. 

 Gmelin's Linnaeus it is made a diftinct fpecies. 49. A.- 

 fcbduoprafum, cives or chives, or G. with fcape equal- 

 ling the columnar awl-filiform leaves, is a native of Italy, 

 Switzerland, Sweden, and Siberia ; where a variety 

 of this plant has been found and figured by Gmelin, in 

 which the leaves are refletlcd, whereas in the common fort 

 they are ftraigrit : it has been found with us very rarely in 

 meadows and paftures, near Faft-caftle on the borders of 

 Berwickfhire, in Argylefliive, in Weilmoreland, and near 

 Kirby Moor-fide, Yorkfhire, and Cartmel Fell, in a fniall 

 rivulet called Chivey Syke : this is a vei-)' fmall plant when 

 compared with the former, the ftems naked and feldom ex- 

 ceeding five or fix incites in length, the roots producing Httle 

 or no bulbs, and the leaves hollow and awl-fliaped : it lias a 

 very ftrong fmell. 50. A. S'lbh-hum, Siberian G. A. fchoe- 

 noprafum j9. Linn. fpec. 433. Murray, Gotting. Com. 

 1755, t. 4. ; Cepa paluftris altiflima of Buxb. and cepa 

 alpina paluftris tenuifoha of Tournefort ; with Icape colum- 

 nar, leaves femi-cylindric, ftamens awl-fliaped, petals lance- 

 olate acute, is found in Siberia and the mountains of Silefia, 

 and was introduced into tlie Kew garden in 1777 by Cheva- 

 lier Murray. J I. A. Jlcikriafium, with a columnar fcape, 



femi-cyruijdric 



