A L M 



eency Jlow an account of their licentious geftures and atti- 

 tudes Sav;irv's Letters, vol. i. p. 176 — 184. 



ALMEDINA, in C.-o^rj/thy, a town of Africa, in the 

 empire of Morocco, between A/amcr and Safse, on the 

 ed"-e of Mount Atlas. It was once rich and populous, but 

 now li-.s in ruins. 



A LMED ESSOS, in Mcunt Geogmphy, a city of Thrace. 

 Plinv, iv. iS. 



ALMEHRAB, among M.ihometans, denotes a niche in 

 their mofques, wiiich directs to the kcbla, that is, to the 

 temple of Mecca, to w hich they are obliged to bow their 

 faces in praying. 



ALMEIDA, or Almeda, in Geography, a fortified 

 town of Portugal, in the province of Beira, on the river Coa, 

 on the frontiers of the kingdom of Leon. It is feven leagues 

 from Civdad Rodrigo, and four foutli-ealt of Pirdiel. N. lat. 

 40^^ 5'. W. long. 6-= 24'. 



ALMEISAR, a celebrated game among the ancient 

 Ai-abs, performed by a kind of calling of lots, with arrows, 

 ftriiflly forbidden by the law of Mahomet, on account of the 

 frequent quarrels occafioned by it. 



The mar.ner of the game was thus : a young camel being 

 brought and killed was divided into a number of parts. The 

 adventurers, to the number of fevcn, being met, eleven ar- 

 rows were pro\ided without heads or feathers ; feven of 

 ■which were marked, the firll \\ ith one notch, the fecond 

 with two, the third with three, &c. the other four had no 

 riarks. Thefe arrows were put promifcuoufly into a bag, 

 and thus drawn by an indifferent perfon. Thofe to whom 

 the marked arrows fell, won fhares in proportion to their lot ; 

 the reft to whom the blanks fell were entitled to no part of 

 the camel, but obliged to pay the whole price of it. Even 

 the winners tailed not of the flelh themfelves, more than the 

 lofers ; but the whole was dillributed to the poor. 



ALMELILETU is ufed, by Avicenna, for a preterna- 

 tural kind of heat, a degree more remifsthan that of a ferer, 

 and which fometimes remains after a fever is gone. 



ALMELOO, in Geography, a town of the L^nited Ne- 

 therlands, in the countr)' of Overyffel, fituate on the Vecht, 

 not far from the Regge, eight leagues eaft-north-eaft of De- 

 venter. N. lat. 52° 25'. E. long. 6° 22'. 



ALMELOVEEN, Theodore Jansln, in Biography, 

 born in the year 1657 in the province of Utrecht, was origi- 

 nally intended for the church ; but difgufted, we are told, at 

 the difputcs among the clergy, which at that time ran very 

 high, he applied himfelf to the ilndy of medicine, in which 

 he was made do&or in the year 1681, and in 1697 profefTor 

 of the Greek language, of hiltoiy, and of phyfic, at Har- 

 derwick. He becaine more known, iiowevcr, from fome ex- 

 cellent works he publifhed, as editor or author, than from 

 his praftice of medicine, which does not appear to have been 

 ever extenlive. The principal of his works are, " De vitis 

 Stephanorum," firft printed at Amllerdam in 16S3, l2mo. 

 " Onomafticon rerum inventarum," Catalogue of Inven- 

 tions in 1694, i2mo. " Bibliotheca promiiTa et latens," 

 The promifed and concealsd Library, in 1692, l2rao. 

 " Amosnitates theologico-philologicie," in 1694, 8vo. 

 " Fafti Confulares," Amft. 1740, 8vo. " Plagiarorum 

 Syllabus," Lift of Plagiaries. He alfo pubHflied editions of 

 the Aphorifms of Hippocrates, of tlie works of Celfus, and 

 of Cxlius Aurelianus, which are held in very high eftimation. 

 He died in the year 1712, not 1742, as itated by miftake in 

 the Biographical Diclionary, and in the General Biography 

 now publilhing, as may be leen by referring to a later edition 

 of Celfus, publiihed by Vulpius, at Padua, in the year 1722, 

 founded on that edited by Almeloveen. As he had no children, 

 ie left hii collection of the different editions of Q^uincttlian to 



A L M 



^he Univcrfity at Utrecht. His library, which was exten. 

 five, was fold the following year at Amfterdam. See Hal- 

 ler's Bib. Med.et Anat. Eloy Dicl. Hiftor. 



ALMEN, in Geigrapl.y, a town of the United Nether- 

 lands, in the country of Zutphen, fitnate on the Berckcl, 

 two leagues eaft of Zutphen. 



ALMENAR, John, M. D. in Biography, a Spaniard, 

 publifhed in 15 12, " Libellum de Morbo Gallico, fepteni 

 capitibus abfolutum," which has fince pafFed through leve- 

 ral editions, and is included in the colleclicn of trcatifcs on 

 the fubjcA by Luifmus. He is the firft Spanilh author who 

 wrote on the difeafe, in which he appears to have had confi- 

 dcrahle experience. He depended, for the cure, on wann 

 bathing and Mercurial frictions, intci-pofing, on the days the 

 fri(£lions were not ufed, an alterative fyrup. The difeafe 

 might be occnfioned, he fays, eitiier by the influence of a 

 contaminated and corrupted atroofphere, to which caufe we 

 ought to attribute it, when it affetted perfons dedicated to 

 the church, (Aphrodis. Luilin, p. 361,) or by contaft ; in 

 either cafe, however, the fame procefs is recommended in the 

 cure. When fahvation arifcs from the ufe of the mercurial 

 friftions, he diredls it to be checked and moderated by the 

 exhibition of glyfters and purgatives, ^j./c Aphrodis. five 

 de Morbo Gallico, Luifino, p. 360. Aftruc de Morbis 

 Galhcis, p. 614. Haller, Bib. Med. &c. 



ALMENARA, in Geograpliy, a fniall town of Spain, in 

 the province of Valencia, near the river Polencia, and not far 

 from the fea. N. lat. 39° 41'. W. long. 0° :6'. 



ALMENDRA, a fmall place of Portugal, in Beira, con- 

 taining about 750 inhabitants. 



ALMENDRO, a town of Spain, in Seville, fix leagues 

 north-north-eaft of Ayamonte. 



ALMENDROLEJO, a town of Spain, in the province 

 of Eftremadura, four leagues fouth of Mcrida. 



ALMENE, a name given, by fome of the Arabian wri- 

 ters, to the prickly lotus of Africa, called by fome of the an- 

 cients lotus acanthos, and by Virgil acanthus only. 



Almene, in Commerce, a weight of two pounds, ufed for 

 weighing lafFron in feveral parts of the continent of the Eaft 

 Indies. 



ALMENHAUSEN, in Geography, a town of Prufiia, 

 in the province of Natangen, five leagues fouth-fouth-eaft of 

 Koniglberg. 



ALMERIA, a fea-port town of Spain, in the province of 

 Granada, agreeably iituated on a fpacious bay, fometimes 

 called Helena Bay, at the mouth of the river Almeria, in 

 the Mediterranean, the fee of a billiop, futfragar. of Granada. 

 N. lat. 36° 51'. W. long. 2° 15'. The country about it is 

 fertile, particularly in fruits and oil, and near it the land pro- 

 jedis eaftward into the fca, forming a cape called by the an- 

 cients Charidame, and by the moderns Cabo de Gates. Al- 

 meria is fuppofed to have rifen upon the riiir.s of the ancient 

 Abdera, and was forrr.crly a place of great importance.^ 

 It was taken from the Moors by the emperor Don Alonio, . 

 in 1 147, witli the afTiftance of the French, Genoefe, and 

 Pifans. At that time it was the ftrongeft place bc-longing 

 to the Moors in Spain ; and its privateers, which were nume- 

 rous, not only troubled the coails inhabited by their Chrif- 

 tian neighbours, but gave equal difturbance to the maritime 

 provinces of France, Italy, and the adjacent iflands. When 

 the place, which was ftrongly fortified and garrifoned, was . 

 taken by ftorm, the beft part of the plunder was diftributed 

 an-.ong the aUies, and all the inhabitants, who were found in 

 arms, were put to the fword. The Genoefe particularly ac- 

 quired here that emei-ald vefFel which ftill remains in their 

 treafury, and is deemed invaluable. After its reduftion by 

 the Chriftians, Almeria became a bifhopric ; and though 

 7 frequent 



