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coming from the lower or convex part of the hypogafliic. 

 Where the artery approaches the bladder in the adult, it 

 is converted into a fibrous fubftance, which ftill remains 

 pervious to a certain extent. 



Branches of the Internal Iliac Artery. 



The ileolumbar artery afcends between the pfoas magnus 

 and iliacus intcrnus, towards the criila of the ilium. Its 

 branches are diftribuled to the neighbouring mufcles, and 

 communicate with the laft lumbar artery. 



The lateral facral arteries var\' in number from one to 

 three, four, or even five. They defcend on the fide of the 

 iacrum, communicate with the middle facral aiter)', and 

 fend branches through the facral holes to the cauda equina. 



The vefical arteries are three or four in number, arifing 

 from that part of the hypogaftric which lUU remains per- 

 vious, as it approaches the bladder. One or more of thcfe, 

 which goes to the bottom of the bladder, and gives branches 

 to the veficulse raminale?, predate, &c. in men, to the rec- 

 tum and vagina in women, is diftinguiflied by the name of 

 the lower vefical artery. 



The middle hemorrhoidal artery comes off between the 

 pudendal and gluteal branches, paffes along the front of the 

 rcclum, and communicates with the external arteries. It 

 fends branches to the bottom of the bladder, &c. in men ; 

 and a large one (which fomttimes com.es off diftinflly from 

 the internal ihac) to the vagina in women. 



The .uterine artery comes off near the former ; it fends 

 a branch down to the vagina, then afcends along the fide 

 of the uterus, on which it communicates with the fpermatic 

 arteiy. 



The obturator artery, which frequently arifes from the 

 cpigaftric, paffts along the fide of the pelvis, at the upper 

 edge of the obturator internus, accompanied by the nerve 

 and vein of the fame name, and goes through the patfage 

 which is left for it at the upper part of the thyroid hole. 

 Having quitted the pelvis, it di\'ides into an external and an 

 internal branch, which arc diftributed to the obturator muf- 

 cles, to the capfule of the hip, and to the origin of the 

 triceps. They communicate with the internal circumflex 

 hi-anch of the profunda femoris. 



The gluteal or pofterior iliac arter)' is the largeft branch 

 of the internal iliac. It ariffs from the back part of the 

 trunk, bends downwards and backwards, and quits the pel- 

 vis at the upper margin of the pyriformis mufcle. It fends 

 a large branch between the gluteus maximus and medias. 

 Another branch, more deeply feated, goes under the gluteus 

 medius, and fends an artery clofe to the dorfum of the ilium 

 at the origin of the gluteus m.inimus. 



The ifchiatic artery goes out of the ptlvis at the lower 

 margin of the pyriform mufcle, together with the great 

 ilchiatic nerve : it is here covered by tiie gluteus maximus, 

 and defcends towards the thigh : it fends off a coccygeal 

 branch, which turns back between the frxro-ifchiatic liga- 

 ments towards the coccyx. The other branches of this ar- 

 tery are diitribnted to the gluteus maximi.s, and other muf- 

 cles at the back of the thigh, and are remari;.ab!e on account 

 of their numerous communications with the circumflex 

 branches of the profunda. 



The pudendal arttiy goes out of the pelvis, in com.pany 

 vith the ifchiatic : it is Imaller, and fituated further from 

 the facrum : it merely paffcs-over the great facro-ifchiatic 

 ligament, and enters the pelvis agai:i at the Imaller lacro- 

 ifchiatic hole. Then it goes along the infide of thetubiro- 

 fity and ramus of the ifchium. It fometimes fends off hnall 

 branches before it quits the pelvis to the reflnm, prcilate, 

 &c. While it is palTiag over the facro-ifchiatic ligament, 

 and the tubcrofity of the ifchiuir., it gives off branches 



Vol. III. 



ART 



which com.miinlcate with the circumflex arteries ; alfo the 

 external hemorrhoidal arteries to the fat of the pcrinsum, 

 fphinclerani, i<c. which com.municate with the middle and in- 

 ternal hemorrhoidal arteries. At the ramus of the ifchium the 

 arteiy divides into, i . The perinaeal artery, which afcends 

 between the accelerator urinx and ereftor mufcles, and 

 fupphes the mufcles, fkin, and fat of the perinssum. 2. The 

 arter)' of the penis, which is the continuation of the trunk. 

 At the fymphyfis of the pubis it divides into, i. The dorfal 

 artery of the penis, which runs along the back of that organ 

 as far as the glans, the root of which it encircles. 2. The 

 deep-feated artery of the penis, which enters the corpus 

 cavernofum of its own fide, into the cells of which it opms, 

 and gives branches to the fpong)^ fubftance of the urethra. 

 The vefTcl, which is analogous to the artery of the penis of 

 males, is termed the clitoridea in females. Its diftribution 

 to the clitoris is the fame as that of the above-mentioned ar- 

 tery is to the penis. 



Oh/er%'at:on. The branches of the internal iliac artery are 

 conllant in their deftination, but vary much in the order and 

 manner of their origin. 



The external iliac artery paffes along the inner edge of thr 

 " pfoas mufcle, being fituated on the outfide of its vein. It 

 is furrounded by the lymphatic veffels, which come up from 

 the lower extremity, and by the glands, through wh'ch they 

 pafs. It defcends under Poupart's ligament, ftill keeping t(» 

 the inner edge of the pfoas mufcle, and there it tskes the 

 name of the femoral arter)-. Here the vein lies clofe on the 

 infide of it, and the anterior crural nerve is fituated on the 

 outfide, but at fome diilance from the artery. 



Branches of the External Iliac Artery. 



The epigaftric artery arifes from the inner fide of the 

 trunk, near Poupart's ligament ; frequently indeed its origin 

 IS abfolutt'y below the ligament. It is reflected upwards 

 and inwards behind the fpermatic chord ; then crofiing the 

 upper part of the abdominal ring, it gets behind the reftus 

 mufcle, and afcends to the navel. The epigaftric artery 

 generally fends a pretty large branch down the fpermatic 

 chord, which communicates with the fpermatic artery. The 

 other branches of this artery are merely mufcular ones : the 

 trunk communicates at the upper part of thereAus abdomi- 

 nis with the internal mammarj- artery. 



The circumflex arteiy of the ilium arifes opyiofite to the 

 epigaftric ; it turns back, and runs along the crifta ilii, be- 

 tween the attachments of the obliquus internus and tranf- 

 verfalis abdominis mufcles, as far as the back of the bone, 

 \yhere it communicates with the lumbar and ileolumbar arte- 

 ries.^ Its branches are diftributed to the neighbouring 

 mufcles. 



The femoral arter)' is furrounded below Poupart's liga- 

 ment by the inguinal glands, and much fat. After a courfc 

 of an inch and a half or two inches, it divides into two 

 branches of neariy equal magnitude. The branch which 

 continues in the direction of the trunk retains the name of 

 the femoral artery ; while the other, which defcends amongfl 

 the mulcles of the thigh, is named the deep-feated arter)- of 

 the thigh (arteria profunda femoris). The common trunk 

 fends off fome trivial branches to the integuments, lymphatic 

 giiin ds, and neighbouring raufcles: twoorthreelargerbranches 

 fupply the flvin and fat'gf the pudenda. 



The profunda comes off from the back of the fcmoi-ai 

 artery ; it paffes back•.^•al■d^, and defcends for a ihort fpace, 

 tiien gets between the htads of the triceps mufcle, and lends 

 Us branches through that mufcle. 



Branches of the Profunda. 

 The external circumflex arter)', which is the firft brancK 

 cf the profunda, goes under the fartorius and rectus muf- 



C clc^ 



