A R U 



ARTRO, in Geography, a river of North Wales, which 

 rails i-.to the lea near Lanheder in Merionethfliire. 



ARTUSI, Giu. Maria, of Bologna, in Biography, 

 ihoii-^h he is ranked only a:non;T the minor writei-s on mnlic, 

 yttifiiis merit and importance are eftiinated by the celebrity 

 and fize of his vohim';5, certainly deferved the attention of 

 rtudents and collectors of miifical trails. In his " Ane di-1 

 Conttappunto ridotta in tavole," p'.'.b'ifhed at Venice, 1586, 

 he has admirably analyfed and comprefTed the voluminous 

 and diffufed woriis of Zarlino and other anterior writers on 

 musical compofition, into a compendium, in a manner almoit 

 as clear and geometrical as that in wliich M. d'Alembert 

 ftas ah -id Tcil the theoretical works of Rameau. In 1589, 

 Artuf), who, like mo!l of tlie mufical writers of Italy, was 

 an ecclefiallic, piibliflied a fecond part of his " Arte del 

 Contrappunto," which is a ufeful and excellent fuppkment 

 to his former compendium. And in l6co and 1603, this 

 intelligent writer publifhfd at Venice the firH and f;cond 

 part of another work, " Delle Imperftttioni della moderna 

 nufica." Here the author gives a curious acc(-unt of the 

 ftate of in!lru;ner'-tal munc in his time ; and in defcrlbing a 

 grand concert that was made by the nuns of a convent at 

 Ferrara, in 1598, on occafion of a double wedding between 

 Philip III. kingof Spain with Margaret of Auftria, and the 

 archduke Albert with th.e infanta Ifabella, the king's filler, 

 he enumerates the feveral inftruments that were employed, 

 and points out their excellencies and dcfcels. Among thefe, 

 though the violin is juft mentioned, yet nothing is faid of 

 its properties, while the cornet, trumpet, \-iol, double-harp, 

 lute, flute, and harpfichord, are honoured with particular re- 

 marks both on their conlfruction and ufe : but among thefe, 

 the corrct, which has been fupplanted in the favour of 

 the public by the hautbois, feems to havi: ftood the hig'iell: 

 in the author's eftimation. The elder Doni, in his dialogue 

 written about fifty years before, mentions the cornet more 

 frequently than any other inftrument : " II divino An- 

 tonio da cornctto perfettiffimo — et M. Battifta dal^ Fon- 

 dnro con 11 fuo cornetto ancora ; che lo fuona miracolofa- 

 mente." 



I have not been able, fays Dr. Burncy, to difcovcr what 

 inftrument is to be underftood in this dialogue, when Girc- 

 lamo Parabofco fays, " lo fuonero lo flrumento :" and when 

 it is faid, " M. Gio. Vaniacopo Buz/i;'.o fuonando di violone 

 il foprano, come egli fa miracolofamente," I am utterly un- 

 able to gu;rfs what inilrumer.t is meant, unltfs the v.'ord violone, 

 by a typographical error, has been printed for vIjU'IO. But 

 to return to Artufi's remarks uoon inilruments : his hero on 

 the cornet was Girolamo da Udine. In fpeaking of defects 

 in the intonations of different inftrument-i, I expeded the 

 violin would be celebrated for its fupcrior perfection in that 

 particular ; but by the author's filence on that fubject, I am 

 convinced that it was either then but little ufed in concert, or 

 was very ill played. B'.n-ney's Hii't. Muf. vol. iii. p. 174. 



ARTYMNESUS, in Andent Gcogr.iphy, atownof Afia, 

 in Lycia, where the Xanthians are faid to have eilablidied a 

 colour. 



ARTZ, in Gcogrti!)hy, a diftricl of the ifland of Zealand, 

 belonging to Denmark, in the prefefture of Kallundborg, 

 which includes nine chiuxhes. 



ARTZBACH, a river of Gcnnitny, which runs into the 

 Ens, four miles fouth of Reifiiing, in the duchy of Stiria. 



ARTZBERG, a town of Gei-many, ni the archduchy 

 of Aulliia, neart'iie Ens, IweKe miles fouth-eall of Steyr. 



ARU, orARioE, a fmall ifiand in the Indian fca, be- 

 tween tile illand of ijumati-a and the pcninfula of Malacca. 

 See Arroo. 



Aru, in Ickhyology, a name bv v.l.ieh the Ruffians di- 

 VoL. II. 



ARU 



flingnifh a fpecies of mackerel found in t'ac fcas about 

 Kanitfchatka : the natives call it kara. 



ARUA, in Jncien: Geography, a town of Spain, in the 

 diitria of Hifpalis, now Jicha, a citadel of Andalufia on 

 the B-?tis or Guadalguiver, feven leagues above Seville. 



ARVA, in Gecgr'apky, a town and caAlc of liungary-, 

 the capital of a cov.nty which extends to Poland, between 

 tlie frontiers of Siltfia and mount Crapack, fo.irtcen miles 



north of Rofenberg Alfo, a river of Hungaiy, which 



runs into the Waag, eleven miles north of Arva. 



A^kWWi, m Anc'ar.t Geography. See Ar.vd. 



ARVALES Fratres, in Rcmau jlnllijully, were pricils 

 in ancient Rome, who afiifted in the facrilicts of the ylm- 

 harvalla, offered every year to Ceres and Bacchus for the 

 profperity of the principal fruits of the earth, viz. the corn 

 and wine. 



Tiiey were inftituted by Romulus, and were twelve in 

 number ; all of them perlons of the firll dillinclion ; the 

 founder himfelf having been of the body. They conilituted 

 a college called collegium fratrum m'vaHu'n. 



The mark of their dignity was a garland, compofed of 

 ears of corn tied with a white ribband : this, Pliny fays, was 

 the firll crown in ufe at Rome. 



According to Fulgentius, Acca Lauisntia, Romulus's 

 nurfe, was the firft founder of thii order of pricils : fiie, it 

 feems, had twelve fons, whoufed to walk bjforc her in pro- 

 cefiion to the facrifice ; one of whom dying, Romulus, in 

 favour of his nurfe, promifed to take his place ; and hence, 

 fays he, came this facrifice, the nuin'oer twelve, aid the 

 name of brother. — Pliny (fib. xvii. cap. 2.) feems to indicate 

 the fame thing, when he mentions that Romulus inftitutcd 

 priefts of the fijlds, after the exa.nple of Acca Laurentia, 

 his uLirle. 



ARU ANUS, in Conchology, a fpecies of the MvRf.r 

 genus, that inhabits New Guinea. It is a coarfe and heavy 

 (hell, ufually of a black or blueilh colour, and encircled 

 with rings ; the aperture is angulatcd ; the tail rather long, 

 and fpire pointed. The fpecific character is thus defined : 

 tail patulous ; fpire crowned with fpines. Ohf. This is the 

 biiCi-iii'im anianum of Rumpfius. 



ARVARI, in Andent Geography, an ancient people of 

 India, on this fide of the Ganges. 



ARVAS, a town of Afia, in Hircania. Q^Curtius. 



A RUB A, in Geography, one of th.e Little Antilles 

 ifiands in the Wed Indies, fubjeifl t j the Dutch ; it lies 

 near the coall of Terra Firma, fourteen leagues well of 

 Curacoa,is uninhabited, and produces little elte bcfidcs corn 

 and wood. N. lat. 12° 30'. W. long. 67^ 35'. 



Aruba, a town of Pedia, in the provii.ce of Mecran, 

 near a cape of the fame name in the Indian ocean, thirty 

 leagues call of Mecran. 



AllUBIUM, or Ars.ubium, a town of Lower Masfia, 

 on the Danube. 



ARU BO, a river on the coaft of Guiana, wed of IfTe- 

 quibo gulf. 



ARUBOTH, or Araboth, in Andent Geogrnpiy, a 

 town or country of Palelline, in the tribe of Judah. 



ARUCCI Novum, a town fituate on the confines of Lu- 

 fitania and Bxtica, placed by Antonine thirty miles from 

 Pax yiil'a ; now Ji/'junj, a Imall town of Portugal, near 

 the confluence of the Ardila and Guadalqiiiver. 



ARITCCI Vetus, a fmall town of the Turdetani, in 

 Bxtica ; now Aroche, a hamlet of Andalufia, on the coi- 

 fir.es of Portugal and Ellremadura, on the river Gam.'., 

 feven leagues to the call of Anted Novum. A mountain in 

 its vicinity called Arudtaiiiu derives jts name from it ; now 

 /./ Sierra d' Aroche. 



E ARUCIA, 



