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pie ; extending out of the rpatlie, turning upwards ; the 

 fl'jiver is fetiJlikccmioii. Ic was brought from Ctrylon in 

 1752, and flowcrtd in the Chclfca i^ardcii. It fiowtrs htrc 

 ill May and June. 16. l\./tigitltrfo/iiiin, arrow-kavcrf arum, 

 J.-icq. Mort. z. 157. Sec alfo Brown Jam. and Sloauc's 

 Jnm. I. t. Ic6. i. z. I-our. Coth. 534. " Leaves fagit- 

 tatc triangular ; the angles divaricate, a^-utf ;" upright tour 

 feet high ; leaves large, dufky green, bilid at the bafe, 

 divaricate, all the angles acute ; footllalks round, fpotted 

 with red and black; fp^thc long, cowled, longer than the 

 fpadix, which is club-lhaptd. A native of the Spanifh 

 Weft Indies, China, and Cochniehin;'.. Cultivated by 

 Miller ill 1731. In Jamaica it is called fnialler Indian kale, 

 and cultivated there by feveral pcrfons for the fame pur- 

 pofci as tl.'c A. ijcitltntmn. 17. A. mii-'uLilum, common arum. 

 Curt. Loud. 2. 63. Woodv. t. 35. Smith Flor. Brit. 

 Hi:df. Wither. Lightf. a Common arum without fpots. p 

 Common fpotted arum, y Italian ^rum. " Ltavcs liaflate, 

 entire; fpadix cluU-ihapcJ." It has a tuberous v/hitilh root 

 about the fi/.e of a lar^e nutmeg, growing tranfverfely, 

 fending forth on every fide a great number of fmgle fibres, 

 propagating itielf by lateral tubercles ; leaves radical, from 

 two to four, (liiniug, veiny, frequently marked with dark 

 purple or black fpots, fomctimes ttreaked with. white, 

 ilanding on (lieathing triangular footllalks ; fpathe ufually 

 green, a;id often fpotted like the leaves ; fpadix varies from 

 a ycllowi;h green, to a fine purple ; berries fcarlet, in a 

 naked duller, each containing one or two feed*. It is com- 

 mon in moll parts of Europe, and is the only fpeciea of 

 the genus indigenous in Britain. It is ufually found under 

 hedges,, flowering in May, and ripening its berries in the 

 autumn. 18. A. ■uirgirilcum, V^irginian arum. " Leaves 

 liatlate-cordatc, acute; angles obtufe." It grows wild in 

 wet places in Virginia, Carolina, Pennfylvania, &c. The 

 favagcs boil the fpadix with the berries, and devour it as a 

 great dainty, ig. ^. prulofciij-um, Apennine arum, arifa- 

 rum, Tourncf. Bocc. Muff. 2. 61. t. 50. " Leaves haftatc,, 

 fpathe declinate, tiliforui-fubulatc." A native of the Apen- 

 nines. Spathe fhaped like a monk's cowl ; leaves on very 

 fliort footllalks. 20. A. aiifarum, broad-leaved hooded 

 arum, or friar's cowl. Hurt. Clilf- 435. Sabb. Hort. 2. 

 t. 79. " Leaves cordate-oblong, aperture of the fpathe 

 ovate ; fpathe entire and bent inwards above, below not 

 convolute ;" about a foot and a half high ; leaves Iharpiih ; 

 fpathe fliorter than the leaves; fpadix curved; berries red, one- 

 feeded. A nativeof the fouthof Europe. Dr. Smith obferves, 

 that the Italians call this plant illume, from tlie ftriking ref;m- 

 blance of its flower, when rcverfcJ, to a lamp with its wick. 

 CidtivatcQ by Gerard in 1596. 21. A.. pin:ii7i, painted arum.^ 

 " Leaves cordate, painted with coloured veins;" root -leaves 

 three or four, petiolcd, painted on the upperfurfacewith white 

 veins ; fpathe feffuL', radical, inflated at tlie bafe, green, ex- 

 cept at the top w here itispurpiilh; fpadix with an ovate-oblong, 

 dark purple club; germs Uibglobofe, green ; anthers immedi- 

 ately above them ; upper filaments remote. See Supp. Plant. 

 410. 22. A. o-uti/uw, Rumph. Amb. 5. 312. 1. 108. "Leaves 

 ovate-oblong; fpathe fcabrous." A native of the Eaft Indies. 

 23. A. t.-nuijdium, grafs-leaved arum, or narrow-leaved friar's 

 cowl. " I^eaves lanceolate ; fpadix briftle-fliaped, declinate." 

 Thii fpecies ufually has live or lix fhiuing leaves refembling 

 thofe of narrow-leaved plantain ; fpathe long, pointed, reflex, 

 while ; fpadix fcven inches long, pui-ple or greenilli, point- 

 ed. It grows wild about Rome, Montpellier, alfo in Dal- 

 matia and the Levant. We learn from Lobel that it was cul- 

 tivated here in 1570. 24. A. cannefolhim., Supp. Plant. 410. 

 •♦ Leaves lanceolate, veinlefs ;" leaves few, two feet long, 

 rcfeji'bling thofe of caniia ; fcape very fliort ; fpathe rather 



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obtufe, red without, white within. In the fpadix there 

 is no fpace between the- flamens and pillils. A native 

 of Surinam, on trees, paralitica!. 



* » * Caulffcenl. 

 2 J'. A. rtrior^'.-n.r, tree-arum. Plum. Amcr. 44. t.jr. g. 

 & 60. " Straight ; leaves fagittatc." A native of South 

 America. 2''). A. y^^-ui/inm, dumb cane arum, Jaco,. Amtr. 

 239. t. 151. pift. t. 229. Miller's tig. 295. See Sloane and 

 Brown's Jam. " Nearly upriglit ; leaves lanceolate ovate," 

 It rifes to the height of fix orfeven feet, with a green jointed 

 llalk, as large a<i a walking-cane. Leaves placed irregularly 

 at the top of the llaiks in a cluiler ; they are oblong, of a 

 light green colour, and fomctimes punched with holes, as 

 in the ilraconl'nim prrlufum. On the fide of the llaiks, be- 

 tween tl'.e leaves, tlie flowers appear with a long fpathe of a 

 pale green colour, marked with white fpots. I'he female 

 flowers and llamens are ranged only on one Ude of the fpadix, 

 a circumllance which diitinguillies it from all its congeners. 

 It is a native of the Sugar Klands, and the warmer parts 

 of America. Cultivated in 1759, by Milkr. The whole 

 plant abounds with an acrid juice, fo that if applied to the 

 tongue, this organ fwells fo much as to lofe the power of 

 articulation, and hence the name of dumb-cane. In this way 

 it is faid to have been ufed as a punilbmer.t for negroes. 

 The juice is fomctimes employed to affill the lime in promot- 

 ing the granulation of fugar. 27. A. hciLraccmn, ivy-leaved 

 arum, jacq. Amer. t. 152. pift. 230. " Radicant ; leaves 

 cordate, oblong, acuminate ; petioles round." A native of 

 the Weil Indies. 28. A. I'lngulatum, tongue-leaved arum. 

 Brown, Jam. 333. n. 12. Sloane's Jam. 1. 75. t. 27. f. 2, 3. 

 " Creeping; leaves cordate lanceolate ; their footllalks edged 

 with membranes." It readily climbs trees, and becomes more 

 fucculent and luxuriar.t tov>'ards the top. A native of the 

 Well Indies. 29. A. aurhtnn, ear-leaved arum. Brown 

 Jam. 331. n. 2. Sloan, i. 169. " Radicant; leaves ter- 

 nate ; thofe on the iide one-lobed." A climbing plant, 

 fending out roots from the Hems and branches ; leaves large 

 heart-lhaped, having three lobes or ears ; flowers inclofed 

 in a large fpathe. A native of the Well Indies. Found on 

 all the hills of Jamaica, climbing the trees, and is the only 

 arum with compound leaves in that ifland. Cultivated by 

 Miller in 1748. 30. A. ;«i-/.r/:».', Indian arum. I^our. Coch. 

 536. Rumph. Amb. 5. t. 106. " Nearly upright; leaves 

 ovate; bilid at the bafe, rounded; fpadicesaxillai-)- ;" flem 

 five feet high, as thick as a man's arm; leaves very large, 

 with many tranfverfe parallel rib:., on fubulate, creft, ftem- 

 clafping footllalks ; fpathes axillary, fmall, acute, llraight, 

 convolute ; fpadix tapering, erecl ; berries pale, fmall. A 

 native of the Eall Indies. Cultivate-d in Cochinchina, 

 where the flalk is boiled and eaten. 31. h.. cxicvllatiim, 

 cowled arum, Lour. Coehinth. 356. " Upright; leaves 

 peltate, cordate, with the ears cowled ;" Hem two feet 

 high ; leaves aeniTiinate, on long round footllalks ; fpadix 

 fliort, aln.oll wholly covered with florets. A native of the 

 fubmbs of Cantou. ^; 2. A. Jfirah, fpiral arum, Ret/.. 

 Obf. I. 30. n. 104. " Stemlcfs ; leaves lanceolate; fpathe 

 fpiral feffilc ;" leaves acute, naked, with the footllalks 

 dilated at the bafe, membranaceous, veined. A native of 

 Tranquebar in the Eafl Ind';s, difcovered by Kocnig. 

 This fpecies ought to have been placed in t!ie fecond divi- 

 fion. It may here be obferved, I'lat in the arum, every 

 pillil and every anther is to be conlidercd as a diftiniSl floret, 

 confcqnently it ought to be removed te) the clals monoecia ; 

 and thi.s has been done by Schreberand AVithering. Thun- 

 bergand Swartz place it in the clafs polyaiiJria. We fee no 

 advantage however in removing it from the clafs gynandr'm, 

 where it was left by the great author of the fexual fyflem. 



Mcd'u'mai 



