A R U 



(Jabor, 5:c. Rump^j. Amb. I. 6. c. i. t. r. " Flowers fix-fta- 

 msncd : fpikes iiiternipttd ; fpikcL'ts in whorls ; culm divid- 

 ed ; calyxes one-flow^rL-d." Culm pereiuiial, twelve teet 

 high, with very long internodcs ; leaves linear-la:iceolate. 

 A native of the northern provinces of Corliinchina. 12. A. 

 benga'tenjis, Retz. Obf. 5. 20. n. 45'. " Calyxes two-flowered, 

 panicie ereft, with three (lowered pedicels," Culms lofty, 

 thick, leafy ; leaves two feet long. A native of Bengal. 

 13. K. pifcaloria-, Lour. Cochinch. 55. '• Calyxes one-fiowcr- 

 ed,fpike terminating, culm branched, Iciives minute." It riles 



A R W 



this great difadvantage. Upon the firfl /igna!, the aclioB 

 began, and as one of the king's wings gave wav, victory 

 feemed to incline to the Romans. But the wii.g under 

 the king's own immediate command repulfed the enemy, 

 and drove them to their intrenchments. Dentatus ptrcciving 

 that this advantage was partly owing to the elephants, 

 commanded a corps de referve, polled near the camp, to 

 advance, and to attack thofe animals with burning torches ; 

 which fo terrified them, that they turned about, broke into 

 the phalanx, and occafioned the utmofb dilorder. The 



eight feet, with a perennial culm ; knots approximating; Romans, availing themfelves of the confufion, charged with 



leaves lanceolate-linear. A native of Cochinchina. Being fuch fury, that the enemy were entirely broken and defeated. 



p5ngh and tapering towards the end, it is well adapted for Upon this difafter, Pyrrhus retired to Tarentum, leaving 



fifhing-rods. 14. A. d'n'ira. Lour. Cochinch. 55-. " Calyxes the Romans in full pofleffion of his camp ; which they fo 



one-flowered, fpikes in bundles, compound ; fpikelets linear^" much admired, that they made it a model which they followed 



CTilm perennial, eight feet lugh; knots diftant ; flowers ever after. Pyirhus, after this defeat, determined to leave 



dioecous. A native of Cochinchina, in woods. Italy, and prepared for fetting fail for Epinjs, where he 



Piopagalion and Culture. The bamboo mull be prcfervcd at length arrived with 8000 foot and 500 horfe, regretting 



in a warm Hove, and as the roots fpread very wide, it that he had fpent ilx years in Italy and Sicily to no pur- 



ftiould be planted in a large tub, filled with rich earth; pofe. Anc. Un. Hiil. vol. ix. p. 91. 



tliis mult be plunged into the hot-bed in the bark Hove, ^ ARUSIS, a town of Afia, in the iutenor part of Media. 



and mull have plenty of water. When the tub decays, 

 if the plant be permitted to root in the tan, it will grow to 

 & larger fize ; but then care mult be taken, when the bed 

 is refredicd with new tan, to leave a fufficient quantity 



Ptolemy. 



ARUSPICES, an order of priefts among the ^Indent 

 Romans, who foretold things to come, chiefly by infpefting 

 the entrails of beads which were killed in facrilice. They 



of the old tan about the roots. It may be propagated alfo took their obfervatians from the viftims before they 

 by flips from the roots, taken oif in the fpring. 2. The were cut up ; from the flame that ufed to rife while they 



cultivated reed will bear the cold of our winters in the open 

 ground, provided it be planted in a foil not too wet ; and 

 if the winter fliould prove very feverc, a little mulch be 

 laid over the roots. The Hera dies in autumn and a new 

 one rifes the fucceeding Ipring, which will grow to ten or 

 twelve feet liigii during thej lummer, if properly fupplied 

 with water in dry- weather. It is very proper to be inter- 



were burning ; and from the flour, bran, frankincenfe, 

 wine, or water, ufed in the facrifice. The word fecms more 

 properly written banifpkes ; as being derived from hartiga, 

 which fignilies the entrails of \-iftims ; and afpicerc, to view 

 or confider ; others derive an/Jpices, ah ails ajpiiiend'is, from 

 their looking on the altar. Thefe diviners were all at fii-ft 

 taken from Hetruria, where their art was in great repute ; 

 mixed with trees and flirubs, where it will have a pleafing but afterwards the fenate ordered twelve of the fons of the 

 ^ffeft in adding to the variety. It is propagated by parting chief men of Rome to be fent into that countiy to acquaint 



the roots in the fpring before they begin to ihoot. It never 

 flowers in England. The variety with variegated leaves is 

 more tender, and muft be fiieltered in this country during 

 the winter. See Martyn's Miller's Dift. 



ARUNDO. See Agrostis, Andropogon, Cench- 

 «us, Melica, Spinifex, and Zizania. 



Arundo Florida et Indlca. See Canna. 



Aruudo Rolang. See Calamus. 



Arukdo Sciccharlfera. See Saccharum. 



ARUPINUM, Arupium, or Arypium, in Ancient 



themfelves with the rites and ceremonies of the Etrufca* 

 religion, of which this fcience was the chief part ; the 

 ceremony, however, of confulting the entrails of viftim* 

 was praftifed among the Greeks before it was introduced 

 into Hetruria. An inftance of it occurs at the battle of 

 Platea ; and it was recurred to on other occafions among 

 the Afiatics. But the Etrufcans were perhaps the firfl; who 

 reduced it to an art, and eftabliflied the rites by which it 

 was condufted. The doftrine or difciphne of the arufpice* 

 was formed into a prccife art, called arufpiclna. Cato, who 



Geography, a town of Liburnia, being one of the four was an augur, ufed to fay, he wondered how one arufpex 



which were occupied by the Japodes or Japydes, according could look at another without laughing in his face ; by whicU 



to Strabo. we learn what opinion he had of the folidity of the arufpi- 



ARURA, m Antiquity. See Aroura. cina. Conftantine paflld feveral laws againii the arufpices; 



Arura, in Midd/d ylgd IVrildrs, denotes a fieldploughed and though he allowed the Pagans to confult them, he for- 



and ibwed. bade their entering the houfes of private perfons, upon 



ARUSINI Campi, in Ancient Geography, erroneoufly pain of being burnt alive, and fuch as received them were 



written by Cluverius TauraJJinl, plains in Lucania famous to forfeit their eftates, and be banifhed for life. His inten- 



for the lail battle fought between Pyrrhus and the Romans. 

 Pyrrhus being at Tarentum, and hearing that the two 

 confuls, Curius Dentatus and Cornelius Lentulus, had 

 divided their forces, the one invading Lucania, and the other 



tion was to prevent all private facrifices and confultations, 

 and by one law he obliged thofe who confulted the aruf- 

 pices to fend their anfwers to his fecretaiy. 



ARUSPICI ///';■;', a kind of facred writings among the 



Samnium, divided a chofen detachment of his army into ancient Hetrurians, wherein the laws and difcipline of the 



bodies, and marched with his Epirots againft Dentatus, arufpices were defcribed. They were alfo called riiualet-, 



in hopes of furprifing him near Beneventum. The conful fometimes fulgurates lihri, as directing how to take indica- 



preparrd to meet him, repulfed his van-guard; and having tions from thunder, lightning, &c. 



thus far fncceeded, marched into the Arufian fields, and ARVUM, in y/nr/V/i/y^^r/vVu/Zwrf, properly denoted ground 



drew up his army in a plain, which was wide enough for ploughed but not fowed. Though the word is alfo fome- 



his troops, but too narrow for the Epirot phalanx to aft times exten^.ed to all arable or corn land, in contradiftindtion 



with its full efteft. However, the king's eagenitfs to try from pallure. 



his ilrength and fl. ill induced him to engage, notwithllandinj AR.WACAS Bav, in Geography, lies on the eaft ooaft 



Vol. III. F ^ 



