A R y 



of South America, and tias the river Amona to the weft* 

 It has a good road for large flilp«, well flultcred from fouth 

 and wefttrly winds, but cxpofed to the north. 



ARWANGEN, a town and callk- of Swifierland, in 

 the canton of Beine, fcated on the Aar, 1 2 miks call of 

 Soleure. 



ARX, in the jlnc'unl MiUlary Art, a town, fort, or 

 caflle, for the defence of a place. The arx, in ancient 

 Rome, was a di!lin£l edifice from the capitol, though lome 

 have confounded the two. According to Ryckius, the arx, 

 properly fpcaking, was a place on the higheft part of tiie 

 Capitohne Mount, ilronger and better fortified than the 

 reft, with towers and pinnated walls ; in wliicii was alfo the 

 temple of Jupiter Capitolinus. Struv. Syut. Ant. Rom. 

 c. ix. p. 522. 



Arx alfo denoted a confccrated place on the Palatine 

 Mount, where the augurs publicly performed their office. 

 Some will have the arx to have been the augural temple ; 

 but Varro exprefsly dilUngnilhcs between the two. 



Arx was particularly uied for a public place in Rome, 

 fet apart for the operations of the augurs. In this fenfe, 

 arx amounts to the fame with what is othervvife called aiigit- 

 raciiliim, and au^iimlorium, v.::d in the czmp ougura/e. Out 

 of this arx it was that the Jlricihs, or heralds, gathered the 

 grafs ufed in the ceremony of making leagues and treaties. 

 JLiv. i.' c. 24. 



Arx Brilann'fca, in jlnc'ient Geography, a citadel of Ba- 

 tavia, near the old mouth of the Middle Rhine. Its foun- 

 dation is feen at low water, and after a llrong fonth-wellerly 

 wind. Some fuppofe it to be the pharos or very high 

 tower of Caligula, as Suetonius calls it ; a monument of 

 his pretended conqueft ot Britain ; others imagine that it 

 was built by Dniius, with an altar, creeled by Claudius, on 

 his expedition into Eritain. But the ufual paffage was from 

 Gefibriacum, and Suetonius fays exprefsly, that Clr.udius 

 paffed over from thence. Its ancient name is no where 

 cxprefTed ; it is now called t'huys tc Britten or Brittenburg, 

 i. e. Arx Britannica ; but it does not appear from what 

 authority. Cellarius. 



ARXAMA, a town of Afia, in the interior part of Me- 

 fopotamia. Ptolemy. 



ARXANA, a town of Afia, in Armenia Major, near 

 the river Nymphias. 



ARXATA, a town of Armenia Major, on the conlines 

 of Atropatene. Strabo. 



ARXEN, a town of Thrace. 



ARXIANUS Acer, a plain of Afia near the river 

 Lerma. 



ARYCA, a town of Greece, in the country of the 

 Locrian Epicnemydii. Diod. Sic. 



ARYCANDA, a town of Afia, in Lycia. Steph Byz. 

 ARYCANDUS, a river of Afia, in Lycia, that dif- 

 charged itfelf into the Limyra. Pliny. 



ARYES, in Geography, a people of South America, in 

 Brazil, in the neighbourhood of Capitania, or the govern- 

 ment of Porto Seguro. 



ARYMAGDUS, or Orymagdus, in Ancient Geogra- 

 phy, a river of Afia, in Cilicia. Ptolemy. 



ARYMPHiEI, a people who inhabited the territory 

 adjoining to the Pains Masotis and Tanais. Tliey were 

 clothed like the Scythians, fpoke a peculiar language, and 

 lived in the woods. Tliey were honoured as a fncrcd peo- 

 ple, and their country ferved as an afylum. They are 

 mentioned by Herodotus and Mela. 



ARYS, m Geography, a town of Italy, belonging to the 

 republic of Venice, in the province of Friuli, ten miles 

 W. S. W. of Palraa la Nuova, 

 8 



A R Z 



ARYTiENOIDES Cartilago, in Anatomy, a carti- 

 lage fituatcd at the back part of the laijnx. There are two 

 cartilages which bear this name. 



ARYT/ENOIDEUS Musculus, is fubfcrvient to 

 the motions of the above mentioned cartilages. For an ac- 

 count of both thefe articles, fee Larynx. 



ARYTHMl'S, or Arhythmus, formed from the pri- 

 vative K, and fvJfiO)', modulus or meafure, in Medieine, is 

 ufed by fome for a finking or failure of the pulfe, fo that 

 it can no longcl* be felt : but it more properly denotes an 

 irregularity, or want of due order and proportion of the 

 pulfe. 



ARZ.A-C, in Geography, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the I^ower Pyrenees, and chief place of a canton 

 in the dillricl of Orthes, five leagues north of Pau. 



ARZACHEL, or Arzchafl, in Blograp/.y, a Spn:n(\\ 

 mathematician, lived in the tenth or eleventh century, and 

 wrote a book on aftrononiy, intitlcd " Obfervaliones de 

 Oblituiitate Zodiaea." Vollius. 



ARZAMAS, in Geography. See Arsamas. 

 ARZANNO, a town of France, in tiie department of 

 Finillerrc, and ciucf place of a canton in the diilricl of 

 Qiiimperle, five miles E. N. E. from Quimpcrlc. 



ARZBERG, a town of Germany, in the circle of Fran- 

 conia, and principality of Bareuth, fevcn miles call ot 

 Wonficdcl. 



ARZENGAN, or Arzimgan, a town of Afiatic 

 Turkey, in the province of Aladulia, eighty miles fouth- 

 eaft of Erzerum. It was taken in 1242 by the Mogul 

 Tartars. 



ARZENI Bay lies on tlie coaft of Barbary, in the Me' 

 diterranean, on the eaft fide of cape Ferrat or Ferrol, and 

 extends to the north-eall as far as cape Dyvy or Ivoy. The 

 town is at the fouth-weil, in the bottom of the bay, and 

 before it is good anchorage. It Hands on the eaft fide of 

 the river which here falls into the bay. 



ARZENZA, orCHERVESTA, ariver of European Tur- 

 key, in Albania, difcharges itfelf into the gulf of Venice, 

 between Durazzo and Pirgo. 



ARZES, in Ancient Geography, a town of the ifland of 

 Cyprus, formerly a confidcrable citv, and lee of a Greek 

 bithop, but fince the reduction of the ifland by the Turks, 

 reduced to a village. 



Arzes, a town of Afia, fituatc towards tlie middle of 

 the northern part of the lake Arfifl'a. 



ARZEW, in Geography, a fea-port of Africa, in the 

 wellern province or province of Tien fan, twelve miles S.S.E. 

 of cape Ferrat. It is called by the Moors, the port of the 

 " Beni Zeian," after the name of the neighbouring Kabyles, 

 who were formerly a confidcrable community. Ptolemy places 

 his " Deorumportus" betwixt Qiiiza and Arfenaria, which, 

 fays Dr. Shaw, can be no other than this, provided Gceza 

 or Warran is the ancient Qiiiza; as Arzew is, without doubt, 

 the ancient Arfenaria. Arzew is at the diilance of three 

 Roman miles from this port, as Pliny places his Arfenaria. 

 The country behind it is a rich champaign ground, but 

 towards the fea there are fteep rockg and precipices, which 

 mud have ferved for its defence in that dircAion. The 

 water now ufed by the inhabitants lies lower than the fea, 

 and of coui-fe is brackifh. But for obtaining a fupply of 

 frelh water, the whole city was formerly built upon cillerns, 

 of which feveral Hill remain, and ferve for dwellings to the 

 inhabitants. Several ancient ruins of capitals, bafes, and 

 (hatts of pillars, with fcpulchral infcriptions, are fcattercd 

 over this place. Five miles from the fca-coaft are the falt- 

 pits of Arzew, which fupply the neighbouring communities 

 with fait. This commodity, as the pits are inexhauftible, 



would 



