ASA 



tlie court of Aurfnj;zcbe. The diet of the Afamcfi.*, 

 though Ids reftrided than that of the Hindoos of Bengal, 

 is by no means promilcuous ; and their rehgioa does not 

 materinlly difter from that of Hindo'lan, as might be proved 

 by their coins, on which are infcribed tiie names of the 

 Hindoo deities. 



ASvVMA, or As AN A, in /!n,int Geography, a river of 

 Africa, in Mauritania Tingitana. 



ASAMON, a mountain of Pa'.elline, in Gahlee, over- 

 agaiiill Stphori. Jofephus. 



AS AN AM A R A, a town of India, on this fide of the 

 Ganges. Ptolemy. 



AS ANC A, a town of Germany. Ptolemy. 



ASANCHIF, ill Ceosraphy, a town of Afia, in the 

 country of Diarbckir, fituate on tlie Tigris, on the borders 

 of Armenia. 



ASANGARO, a jin-!fdio\ion of South America, under 

 the bifhop of Cufco, in Peru, tifty leagues from that city, 

 in which arc bred many cattle. In the north-eaft part of 

 it there are fome filver mines. 



ASAPH, in Biography,, a celcbrr.ttd mufician in the 

 time, of David, was the fon of Baraehias of the tribe of 

 Levi. Afaph, and alfo his ih-fcer.d?.nts, prtlided over tlie 

 miifical band in the fervice of the temple. Several of the 

 pfalms, as the 50th, the 73d to the 83d, have the name of 

 Afaph prefixed : but it is not certain, whether the words or 

 the mufic were compofed by h\m : with regard to fome of 

 them, which were written during the Babylonilh captivity, 

 they cannot in any refpeft be afcrihed to him. Perhaps 

 they were written or fet to mufic by his defcendants, who 

 prefixed to them his r.ame, or by fome of that clafs of mufi- 

 cians of which the family of Afaph was the head. i. Chron. 

 vi. 39. 2. Chron. xxix. 30. xxxv. 15. Nehem. xii. 46. 



Asaph, Si. a monk of North Wales, was defctndcd of 

 a good family, and belonged to the church of Llan-Elvy, 

 over which Kentigern the Scotch bifhop of that place pre- 

 fidcd. Upon the removal of this prelate to his own country, 

 he affigned his convent and cathedral to St. Afaph, fo that 

 after his death Llan Elvy loll its name aod took that of the 

 faint. He was a diligent preacher, and frequently repeated 

 this fnyiuT, " They who withftand the preaching of God's 

 word, envy man's falvation." He flourithed about the year 

 590, under Carentius king of the Britons ; but the time of 

 liis death is unknown. The fee feems to have continued 

 vacant above 500 years, till it was filled by GeoflVey of 

 Monmouth. St. Afaph was eminent in his time for learning 

 and fanftity ; he wrote the " Ordinances" of his church, 

 the " Life" of Kentigern his mailer, and fome other pieces. 

 Biog. Brit. • 



Asaph, St. in G^ogrophy, a city and bifliop's fee in 

 Fhntfliire, which derived its name from St, Asaph. The 

 diocefe confifts of part of Denbigh, Flint, Montgomery, and 

 Menonethlhire, and a fmall part of Shropfliire ; containing 

 121 parillies, and 131 churches and chaiiels, moR of which 

 are under the patronage of the bilhop. The fee is valuable, 

 and the patronage extenfive. . The town is feated on an 

 eminence near the fea, at the termination of the vale of 

 Clwydd. Although it is denominated a city, it is merely 

 a village in extent. Its fine Gothic cathedral has been late- 

 ly improved in its external decoration, and its palace has 

 been rebuilt by the late bifhop (Shipley); wliich being fitu- 

 ated above the town, fronting the h;ll towards Holywell, 

 commands a pleafant view. 



ASAPHEIS, a3-5c?tii, from a, negative, and crc/.T^-m, clear, 

 open, in Hippocrates, in Prorrh. & Coac. are fuch patients 

 as do not utter their words in a clear manner. The dcfeft 

 is occafioncd, as Guleu fays, Comrn. 2. in Prorrh. " either 



ASA 



by fome hurt which the organs of fpecch have contrafted 

 from a diiurder of the nerves, or elfe by a dJ'trium." 



ASAPH H^AMA, in Ancient Gc graphy, a town of Sy- 

 ria, in the Chnlcidic tenitory. Ptolemy. 



ASAPPLS, or Azapes, an order of foldiers in the 

 Turkilh army, whom they always expofe to the fiill (hock 

 of the enemy ; to the end that the enemy being thus fati- 

 gued, and their fwords blunted, the fpahis and janid'aries 

 may fall on, and find an ealy coiiqueft. 



'1 he word is derived from the Turkilh Japh, which f'gni- 

 fies rank, liora whence they have formed ajpaph, to r-ange in 

 lallle. 



Tlie afappcs arc faid to be held of fo little value, that 

 they frequently fcrve as bridges for the cavalry to pals over 

 in bad roads, and as fafeines tq fill up the diteiies of places 

 btfieged. — The greateit part of them are natural Turks ; 

 tliey travfl on fu >:, and have no pay but the plunder they 

 can get from the enemy. 



ASA R, in Commerce, a Pei-fian coin worth 6s. Sd. fterling. 



ASARABACCA, or Assara-Bacara, in Botany. Sec 



As ARUM. 



ASAR-PIADDON, or Assarhadon, in Biography, 

 fon ol Sennacherib king ot Syria, fucceeded his father about 

 709 years before Chrifl, and having reigned 29 years ia Ni- 

 ncvcii, he became alio king of liabylon, in the year 680 be- 

 fore Cluifl. lie fent a colony of Babylonians and Cuth;eans 

 into Samaria ; and his generals having taken captive kinaf 

 ManalTes, fent him loaded with cliains to Babylon. His 

 reign terminated in the year 667 before ChrilK 



ASARINA, in Botany. See Antirrhinum, and Chk- 

 LONi;. 



ASARO, in Geography, a town of Sicily, in the valley of 

 Noto, ciglit miles fouth of Nicofia. 



ASAROTA, «s-afi'T«, from a and <ratfu, I fweep, a kind 

 of painted pavements, in ufe before the invention of mofaic 

 work. The moll celebrated was that at Pergamus, painted 

 by Scfus, and exhibiting the appearance of crumbs, as if the 

 floor had not been fwept after dinner, whence according to 

 Phny, the denomination. Perrault fuppofes them to have 

 been a black kind of pavements of a fpongy matter. Plin. 

 Nat. Hiil. lib. xxxvi. cap. 25. Perrault ad Vitruv. lib. vi. 

 cap. 5. 



ASARUM, in Botany, Afarabacca. Lin. gen. 589. 

 Schreb. 801. Jufl". 73. Ga;rtn. t. 14. Clafs, dodccandria 

 inonogynia. Nat. Ord. Sarmentacea:. Ar':j}olochi<r. JufT. Gen. 

 Char. Cal. perianth one-leafed, bell-rti ;ped, three or four 

 cleft, coriaceous, coloured, permanent ; clefts erttl bent in at 

 the apex. Cor. none. Stam. filaments twelve, fifbulate, 

 half the length of the calyx ; anthers oblong, faftenedto the 

 middle partition of the filaments. Pijl. germ inferior or con- 

 cealed within the caly^ ; ilyle cylindric, tlie length of the fla- 

 mens ; lligma llellate, fix-parted. Per. capfule coriaceous, 

 ufually fix-celled. Seeds, fevcral, ovate. 



Efl". Gen. Char. 6W. three or four cleft, placed on the 

 germ. Cor. none. Capfule coriaceous, crowned. Stigma, 

 fix-cleft. 



Specits, I. A. europium, common afarabacca. Hudf. 2oy. 

 With. 440. Smith Flor. Brit. 509. Med. Bot. t. 86. Flor. 

 Dan. t. 633. " Leaves kidney-fnapcd, obtufe, in pairs;" 

 root perennial, creeping ; ilems fhort, fimple, round, pubef- 

 cent, one-flowered, and commonly two-leaved ; leaves oppo- 

 fite, on long footftalks, reniform, perfectly entire, fomewhat 

 downy ; flower terminal, pitcher-fliaped, of a dark purple co- 

 lour, vilkife, on a flender peduncle. It has been found in the 

 north of England, in woods, particularly in Lancafliire, but it 

 is a very fearce plant in Britain. The time of its flowering 

 is in May. 



Medicinal 



I 



