AS C 



frit'iHarr. It alfo wa« found at the cape by Thunberg. 17. 

 A. ciiniiyfa, flcfliy-kavcd Uvallow-wort. " Lvavos ovate, 

 flcfhy, very fmooth j" leaves about four iiiclies long, with- 

 out veins ; petioles flediy, half the length of the leaves ; 

 umbel liiiiple, axillary, folitary ; calyx miiiiite ; corolla 

 fcarctly half live-cleft, flat. Tliis differs much fioai the 

 other fpecies. A native of China. 28. A./ciiiiJens, tlinib- 

 iiig fwallow-wort, Mill. Dicl. n.19. " Leaves oblong, lan- 

 ceolate, fubhirfute ; flem fhnibby, climbing ; umbels late- 

 ral, compact." It climbs to the height of ten or twelve 

 feet. At the joints are two oppofite leaves, on Ihort foot- 

 ftalks. I''lo«<.rs of a fiilphur colou:, and appear in Auguft. 

 A native of Cartlngena. Cultivated by Miller in 1759- 

 2'). A. procfru, bill-floweied gigantic fwallow-wort. Ait. 

 IJort. Kew. A. gigantea, Jacq. Obf. 3. 17. t. 69. " Leaves 

 obovate-oblon^, petioles very fliort ; corollas fubcampaiui- 

 late." A native of l\rfia. Cultivated in 1714 by the 

 duchefs of Beaufort. It flowers from July till September. 

 This ought to be placed before A. gigantea at 6. 30. A. 

 piirvifloni, fmall-flowered fw;dlow-won, Ait. Hort. Kew. 

 1. 307. A native of Carolina and Eaft Florida. Intro- 

 duced by Dr. Fothergill in 1774. 31. A. Hiiaria, toad flax- 

 leaved fwallow-wort, Cavan. Hifp. 42. t. 57. " I-eaves 

 feattered, fiibulate, channelled ; umbels lateral, many-flow- 

 crecL" A foot high ; leaves narriiwer at the bafe, nume- 

 rous ; corolla white. We are ignorant of its native countr)-. 

 It has been cnltivated in the royal garden at Madrid lince 

 17SS, and flowers in auf; v.n. 32. A. mrxiraiia, Mexican 

 fwallow-wort, Cavan. Hii'p. 42. t. 58. " Leaves fix toge- 

 ther in whorls lanceolate ; flowers umbelled." Stems up- 

 right, fmooth, a foot and a half high ; leaves quite entire, 

 V ith a fliort petiole ; corolla white, deeply five-parted. A 

 Tiative of Mexico, and cnltivated at the royal garden Ma- 

 drid. 33. A./;//i-(7, Lour. Cochineh. 170. " Stem creep- 

 ing ; leaves cordate, lanceolate ; umbels axillary, in pairs." 

 Stem herbaceous, twining, flender, much branched at the 

 top ; leaves oppofite, fmall, bearded at the bafe ; flowers 

 dulky purple, iniall, with live ear-fliaped nedaries. A na- 

 tive of Cochinchina. 34. A. i-im'inalis, Swartz. Prodr. 53. 

 Brown. Jam. 183. 3. Sloane, i. 207. t. 131. " Stem 

 fuff^ruticofe, twining, filiform ; leaves oppofite, lanceolate, 

 fmooth ; umbels lateral, many-flowered." Stalks flender, 

 weak, fpreading to the diltance of fome yards. It has very 

 few leaves, but many flowers difpofed in large umbellate 

 groups; it abounds with a milky juice. A native of Ja- 

 maica, in woods. 



Prnpagalion and Culture. In this numerous genus, only 

 two fpecies, viz. 16. and 17. are European; two or three 

 arc from South America ; the rell are natives of North 

 America, the Eaft and Weft Indies, or Africa. Such as 

 arc inhabitants of North America, 7 — 10, 12, 13, *14, 22 — 

 24. are, as well as the European, hardy enough to bear 

 the open air, and therefore are ])ropcr for large borders in 

 pleafure grounds, and to mix with flirnbs. The other fpe- 

 cies require the proteftion of the green-houfe or ftove ; all 

 of them are tall perennials, flowering from June till Auguft 

 or September, mollly dying down to the root in autumn. 

 They ftiould have little water, efpecially in winter : they 

 may be propagated by leeds where they can be obtained, or 

 by cuttings ; the hardy forts may be increafed by parting 

 the roofs. 1, 2, 3, 18 — 20, 25 — 27, 30, muft have the 

 Ihilter of a green-houfe in winter ; 4,5,6, 11, 15, 28,29, 

 91 — 34. will not live but in a ftove. Thefe mull be raifed 

 from feed-* fown in the fpiing on a hot-bed, and being tranf- 

 planted into pots fJled with rich earth, muft be plunged 

 into the tan-bed in the ftove. After the fecond year, the 

 litli fort becomes naked, and docs not produce many 



A S G 



flowers fo tliat young plants owght to b« rpifed to fiiccfed 

 them, efpecially as it produces plenty of fi-eds in England. 

 All the Cape forts, I, 2, 3, &c. may be propagated by 

 feeds fown in April on a bed of light earth in the open 

 air, arid when the plants are three or four inches high, 

 they fliould be e.Tch planted in a fmall pot filled with light 

 earth, a;,<l fhaded till they have taken new root ; then they 

 may be placed with other exotic plants in a flv.ltered fitu- 

 ation uutil Oclobcr, when they may be removed into the 

 green houfe or dry ftove. They may alfo be incuafed by 

 cuttings. The roots of the 8th and 22d (liould be planted 

 in u warm border, and in winter covered with old tan. The 

 14th and 24th are propagated by feeds in pots placed in 3 

 moderate hot-bed, and giadually enured to the open air as 

 foon as the weather will permit. When they are of a pro- 

 per ftrength, they may be planted in a warm border, and 

 treated as other tender plants. See Martyn's Miller's Di6t. 



ASCLOSTEK, in Gi-ography, a town of Sweden, in 

 South Gothland, twelve mlltj louth of Wardberg, 



ASCO, a town of Spain, in Catalonia, fcated on the 

 Ebro, ten leagues from Tortofii. 



ASCODRUT^E, in ytutiquily, a fcfl in the fecond cen- 

 tury, who rejected all ufe of iymbols and facraments; on this 

 principle, that incorporeal things cannot be communicated 

 by things corporeal, nor divine myfteries by any thing 

 vifible, 



ASCOGEPHYRUS, in Middle jige Writers, denotes a 

 bridge fupported on bags made of leather or bullocks hides, 

 Such bridges appear to have been in ule among the ancients, 

 and to have given the denomination to a tribe of Arabs, 

 hence called Afcitx. 



Hence alto the appellation afcomanni, given to pirates, by 

 reafon of their ufmg bridges, or rather boats made of leather. 

 Plin. Hirt. Nat. lib. vi. c. 9. Du-Cange. 



ASCOLI, in Geography, a town of Italy, in the eftate of 

 the church, and marquifate of Ancona, feated on a moun- 

 tain between the rivers Tronto and Callillano ; twenty 

 leagues fouth of Ancona, twelve north-eaft of Aquila, and 

 thirty nartheaft of Rome. N. lat. 42° jo'. E. long. 

 i5» s'. 



AscoLi de Satr'iaco, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of 

 Naples, and province of Capitanata, the fee of a bifliop. 

 This town was alnioll deftroyed by an earthquake in 1399. 

 N. lat. 41° 8'. E. long. 15^ 32,' 



ASCOLIA, in Antiquity, a feaft which the peafants »f 

 Attica celebrated in honour of Bacchus, 



They facrificed a he-goat to him (as being the deftroyer 

 of vines); and of the viiiim's ikin made a foot-ball, which 

 they blew up, and anointed with fome unftuous matter ; or, 

 as Potter thinks, they made a bottle of it, which thr.y filled 

 with oil and wine. The young people playing at this, and 

 keeping themfclves always on one foot, whilft the other was 

 fufpended in air, by their frequent falls gave occafion of di- 

 verlion to the fpeftators. He that held the fport longeft, 

 and made the largeft hops, was the conqueror. Hence the 

 game called afcoliafm. Pilifcus. 



ASCOMARII, in Ancient Geography, a people of Afia, 

 in Sarmatia. Pliny. 



ASCONA, in Geography, a town of SwiflTerland, lying on 

 the Locanio lake, in which which is a college for the in- 

 ftruftion of youth, founded in the fixteenth century. 



ASCONIUS, Padi ANUS, in Biography, a Roman gram- 

 marian, was a native of Padua, and hved in the time ot Au- 

 guftus ; the friend of Virgil, and the acquaintance of Quinc- 

 tilian and Livy. His notes on Cicero's orations arc judicious, 

 and ftill exift, though in a mutilated ftate. They were firft: 

 publilhed, with thole of LuCcus, infolio,<at Venice, in 1477; 



and 



