A T H 



Atv.riumus, a fpecies of .Scarab;kvs (Ctlonin), 

 It is of a dill black, with obfciire rufous fpots on the 

 vviug-cafcs. FabricAis. It iiJiabits tlie cape of Good 

 Hope. ^ 



Aterrimus, in Ornhhrjk'iy, the fpecific name of the 

 great black Cockatoo of New Holland, a bird of a blnck 

 colour, with a large and paler creil, and red naked cheeks. 

 Gmel. This kind of Piittaciis is called by Bnifon kaka- 

 tocs r.oir ; and is the great black Cockatoo of Edv.ardb, 

 GL-an. t. 316. 



ATES'I'E, EsTF, in J.nchut Gf'j^raphv,'3. Roman colony 

 fettled to the fouth-wcll of Patavium in the Venetian ter- 

 ritory. 



ATFIEH, or ErriEH, in Geop^mphy, a bureh of 

 E(rypl, on the eaft coall of the Nile, 35 miles fouth of 

 Cairo. It is fituated at the foot of a mountain, up(Mi a 

 narrow canal, formed by a pretty large iflaiid. Some ceo- 

 gi-aphers have fuppofed that this town or village occupies 

 the fite of the ancient city of Venus, or Aphroditupolis. N. 

 lat. 29" 28'. E. long. 31*^ 8'. 



ATFLOW, Edward, in Biography, ftudicd at New 

 CoHeg-e Oxfjrd, where he took his degree of Doftor in 

 Medicine in J 566, and was in much rtputc as a phylician, 

 particularly among thofe of the Roinilh periuaiion. He 

 was inip/iloned Uveral months, Ant. Wood fays, for corre- 

 fpoiidi .g with Mary qncen of Scotland. The time of his 

 death is not known. 



ATH, Atha, or Athe, among our Anglo-Saxon An- 

 cefton., fignifies an onth, elpecially that taken by way of 

 purontion. In this fenfe w;; meet with breaking of ath, 

 privilege of nth, ntha, and ordcla. 

 Ath, in Gtogrjphy.' See Aeth. 



ATHABASCA, River, Lake, and Country, lie in 

 the north-wvtl part of North-America, in about N. hit. 58° 

 40'. ai^d W. ,1 mg. til" 40'. The Elk river is comm.only 

 called by the white people the Athabafea river, in N. lat. 

 56-' 42'. In the territory that lies between the Peace river 

 aud the lake of the hills, as far as the Elk river which is 

 formed by the quantity of earth ar.d mud that is carried 

 down by the flream of thcfe two great rivers, there arc fe- 

 veral lakes; the !. ke Clear Water, which is the deepeft, 

 lake Vaffieu, and tlie Athabafea lake, which is the largell 

 of the three, and whofe denomination in the Knillineaux 

 language implies a flat, low, fwampy country, fubjtdl to in- 

 undations. The two laft lakes are now fo fhallow, that, 

 from the caufe juft. mentioned, there is every reafon to ex- 

 pert, that in a few years they will have exchanged their 

 character, and become extenfive forefts. This country is fo 

 level, that at iome ftafons it is entirely overflowed ; and 

 this circumftance accounts for the periodical influx and re- 

 flux of the waters between the Lake of the Hills and the 

 Peace river. Till the year 1782, the people of Athabafea 

 fent or carried their furs regularly to Foit Chiuchill, Hnd- 

 fon's Bay ; and fome of them have fmce that time repaired 

 thither. The prcicnt trading ellablifliment is iitnated on 

 an high bank on the north fide of the river La PUiie, in N. 

 lat. 48'" 37', where the people from Montreal meet thofe from 

 the Athabafea country, and exchange lading witii them. 

 The tralTie to fort Churchill is now 111 a great meaiure dif- 

 continucd, as the Chepew)ans were obliged to expend in 

 the courle of their journey that ammunition which was its 

 moll alluring objeft. See Chepewvan. Mackenzie's 

 Voyages, Introd. p. ^6 — 91. 



Athabasca is by fome called Arathapescow, and 

 Athapescow, and Athapuscow. 



ATHABOLI. or Agatopoli, u town of European 



A T II 



Turkey, in the province of Romania, 68 miles noith-eaft t-f 

 Adrianople. 



ATHAMADULET, or Athimadaulet, the prime 

 or chief minider in the Perfian empire. 



The athamadulct is nuich the fame with the grand vifier 

 in Turkey, except that he has not the command of the ar- 

 my, which the vilier has. 



The athamadulet is great chancellor of the kingdom, 

 prchdent of the council, fuperintendant of the finances; 

 and has the charge of all foreign affairs. He is in ciTecl 

 viceroy or adminillratorof the kingdom: he in"ues the kiii'^'s 

 mandates, or orders, in this ilile; " " BenJe dtrga ali il alia 

 ctmadaulet," that is, " I, who am the fuppcirt of the pow- 

 er, the creature of this port, the higlicH of all ports, &.c." 



ATHAMANIA, in Ancient Geography, a country of 

 Greece, at the fource of the river Achelous, in ittolia. ac- 

 cording to Pliny; but in Illyria, according to Steph. Byz. 

 Some have made it a part of Theffaly, and others of Epirus. 

 According to I'tolemy, it was divided from Epirus by the 

 bay of Ambraeia ; and according to Stiabo, from iEtolia, by 

 the river Achelous, M. D'Anville places Atharnaria be- 

 tween the chain of the Pindus to the ealt, and a parallel c!iaiii 

 to the wtfl:. In the midll of this valley ran the river Avas. 

 To the fouth of this country were the Molofll and Aperan- 

 tes, to the call the Perrhcebi, and its capital was Argytl..T;a. 

 At their commencement the Athamanians were a very in- 

 confiderable people ; but they appt-ared with dillinttion in 

 the wars of the Romans and jEtoliaiis againll Macedonia, 

 towards the year 197, B. C. Livy relates that the jEtolians 

 chofe Aminandcr, king of the Athamanians, for their me- 

 diator in their eontells with Philip, and that the Romani 

 follcited his fuecour againll this fame Phihp. Their domi- 

 nion extended over the whole chain of the mountains of 

 Epirus ; and they feem to have fubfifted at lead a century 

 before the war of Troy. 



ATHAMANTA, in Botany (named from Athamas in 

 Thcflaly). Lin. Gen. 338. Sehrcb.471. Jufl". 223. Oreofe- 

 linum, Tournef. Clafs, pcnIanJria tligynia. Nat. Order of 

 umbellaliz. Generic Char. Cal. umbel univerfal, manifold, 

 fpreading; partial has fewer rays ; involucre univerfal. many- 

 leaved, linear, a little fliorter than the rays ; partial linear, 

 equal with the rays ; perianth proper, obfcure. Cor. unt- 

 verial, unitorm ; flofculcs all fertile ; proper with.five petals, 

 inflex-emarginate, a little unequal. Siam. filaments five, 

 capillary, the length of the corolla ; anthers roundifli. Pi;}. 

 germ inferior; llyles two, diflant ; ftigmas obtufe. P'r. 

 none ; fruit ovate-oblong, ftriattd, bipartile. Seeds, two, 

 ovate, convex on one fide, filiated ; on the other flat. 



Efl". Gen. Char. Fruit ovate-oblong, ftriated. Pet. infles, 

 emarginate. 



Species, I. A. Lilanotis, mountain fpignel, or ftone-parfley. 

 With. Smith. Brit. Relli. Cantab, f. 1 1 3. Eng. BiPt. 1 38. 

 A.Oieolel. Hudf. "Leaves bipinnate, flat; umbel hemiiphir- 

 ical; feeds hirfute." Root perennial, fpindle-lhaped, woody ; 

 Hem about two feet high, wett, rather branched, fmooth, 

 angular and furrowed, leafy ; leaves bipinnate, altcfnatc ; 

 leaflets fcfiile, oppofite, pinnatifid, flat, acute, veined, 

 pale on the under fide, a little hirfute ; petioles dilated 

 at the bafe with a membranous margin ; umbels crodt, 

 hemifpherical, clofe, and fometimes proliferous ; involucres 

 and involucels patent-deflex, befet with hairy leaves ; flow- 

 ers w hite, fniall, uniform, and regular ; fruit pubefcent ; 

 llvles perfiilent, purple, divaricate. It grows on Gocma- 

 gog hills, Canibridgelhire, and flowers in Augufl. "it is 

 common in many parts of Sweden, Denmark, &c. 2. A. 

 cavai'ui, brond-lcaved fpignel, or black hait-root. Jacq. 

 Aa2 Auft. 



