A T H 



by frequent parentlicfcs. The two treatifcs of Athenagoras 

 liave been uf-ially printed together, in Greek aud Latin. 

 They were piibliibed in 4to. at Paris, in 1541 ; by H. Ste- 

 phens, at Paris, in 8vo. in 1557 ; by Rtchenberg, at Leip- 

 lic, in 16S4, in 2 vols. 8vo. ; by Fell, bifhop of Oxford, 

 with notes, at Oxford, in 1682, l2mo. ; and with various 

 notes by Dechair, from the fame Sheldon prefs, in 1 706, 

 8vo. The romance under the name of Atlienagoras, faid 

 to be a tranilation from a Greek M.S. brcight from the 

 eaft, and publiihed in 1599, and in 1612, in French by M. 

 Fumee, iulitled " True and Perfett Love, written in Greek 

 by Athcnaijoras an Athenian pliilofopher, containing the 

 chailc loves of Theogonus and Charides, of Pherecides and 

 Melaagenia," is a fidtion ; and was probably written in imi- 

 tation of the Theagenes and Cliariclea of Hcliodorus, after 

 the overthrow of Greece by Alaric, or the dellruttion of 

 the Greek empire by the Turks. Cave, H. L. t. i. p. 79. 

 Lardner's works, vol. ii. p. 180. &c. Fabr. Bibl. Grxc. 

 1. V. C.I. t, V. p. 85 — 91. Gen. Dicl. Brucker's Hill. 

 Pliilof. by Er.f.elJ. vol. ii. p. 295. 



ATHENATORIUM, among Chcnvf}:, a thick glafs 

 cover, placed on a cucurbit, having a flender umbo or 

 prominent part, which enter; like a ftopple within the neck 

 of the cucurbit. 



ATHEK'iANS, \n Anclsnt Geography. See Athens, 

 and Attica. 



ATHENIENSIUM Portus, or the port of the Athe- 

 nians, was a harbour of Greece, between the port Bucepha- 

 lon and the promontory of Spincum, on the eallern iide of 

 the Argolidc, in the Saronic gulf. 



ATHENION, in Biography, a Greek hiftorical painter, 

 who flourifhcd in the year 300 before Chrill. 



ATHENIPPUM, in the ylncient Ph-r/k, a collyrium, 

 commended againft divers difeafes of the eyes; thus deno- 

 minated from its inventor Athenippus. 



Its dcfcription is given by Scribonius Largus, and by 

 Gorra;us after him. 



Galen mentions another athenippum, of a different com- 

 pofitioii, by which it appears, this was a denomination com- 

 mon to feveral colly riunis. 



ATHENIS, \a Biography, a famous Grecian (latuary, who 

 flourifliedatChio, about538 years beforeChrill. SecBuPALE. 



ATHENODORUS, a Stoic philofopher, was a native 

 of Cana, near Tarfus, in Cilicia, and the preceptor and 

 friend of Augullus. During his refidcnce at Rome, he was 

 much refpefted by the emperor on account of his wifdom 

 and probity, admitted into his confidence, and allowed to 

 give him free and faithful counfel. Auguftus, being ad- 

 difted to gallantry, indulged a criminal pailion for the wife 

 of a fenator, who was a friend of Athtnodorus, and who 

 communicated to him his dillrefs. The philofopher availed 

 himfclf of this opportunity of imprcfling upon the mind of 

 the emperor a fenfe of the danger to which he expofed 

 him.fclf by fuch pradlices. Accordingly, he drefled himfelf 

 in woman's clothes, and, providing himfclf with a poignard, 

 put himfelf into the chair \a which the lady was to have 

 been conveyed. When he appeared before Auguftus in this 

 difguife, he faid to him, " See, fir, to what danger you 

 expofe yourfelf ! An enraged hufband may arm himfelf in 

 this manner, and revenge with your blood the injury you 

 offer him." The admonition is faid to have produced its 

 defigned cffeft ; the emperor received it with deference ; 

 and he became more clrcumfpecl for the future. Zofimus 

 (1. i. c. 6.) attributes the-mild plan of government adopted 

 by Augultus to the influence of the counfcls of Athenodo- 

 rus. Before he left the court' of Auguftus, he is faid by 

 Plutarch (Apophthegm. Oper. t. 2. p. 207.) to have warned 

 the emperor agajnft cxtefsof pafTion, and, as a prefervative, 



A T H 



to have advifed him to rehearfe the twenty-four letters of 

 the alphabet, before he allowed himfelf to fay or do any 

 thing. Upon this, Auguftus took him by the hand, faying 

 to him, " I want your aliiftance ftdl longer," and kept him 

 for another year. Such was his intercft; with Auguftus, 

 that he obtained for his fellow citizens, the inhabitants of 

 Tarfus, relief from fome of the taxes which opjnvifed them ; 

 and on this account be was honoured by them witli an annual 

 feflival. At an advanced age the emperor permitted him to 

 return to his native country ; and finding it diftvarted by 

 faftions, which had been excited by Boethus, whom An- 

 tony had invefled with power, he exerted himlclf with pru- 

 dence and firmnefs, in order to reftrain and fuppiefs them 

 By recrniling the exhaufted funds of Tarfus, corrtftiiig the 

 abufes which threatened its rum, and introducing a new 

 code of municipal law, he contributed to the revival and 

 permanence of its profperity. Having ferved his country 

 iaitlifuUy during a prolonged life, he clofed it with honour, 

 and with the regret of his fcnow-cilizeiis, at the advanced 

 age of eighty-two years. He was a coniiderable writer ; and 

 fcveral of his works are cited by the ancients. Strabo fays, 

 (1. i. p. 6.), that he wrote concerning the ocean and ita 

 tides; and Stephanus (art. Ay;^iaX):) informs us, that he 

 wrote the hiftory of his own country ; but none of his 

 works arc now extant. This Athenodorus is not the fame 

 \\ho is mentioned by Suetonius (in Claud, c. 4. ), as having 

 been cntrufted by Augutlus with the charge oi the educa- 

 tion of Claudius Nero, afterwards emperor. Fabricius, 

 however, afferts that they were the fame perfou. Gen. Dift. 

 Strabo, 1.14. t. ii. p. 991. Brucker's Hifl. Phil, by Enf. 

 vol. ii. p. 1 17. Fabr. Bib. Gra;c. 1. iii. c. 1 5. t. ii. p. 391. 



Athenodorus Cordylio, a Stoic philofoplitr of Tarfus, 

 was probably a native of Pergainus, lived about 50 years 

 before Chrift, and was the intimate friend and companion of 

 Cato of Utica. He was keeper of the public library at 

 Pergamus ; and having refiifed feveral folicitations to leave 

 this retreat, he was at laft prevailed upon by Cato, who 

 vifited Afia for this purpofe, to join him in the war which 

 he had undertaken for the rciloration of Roman liberty. 

 Cato is faid to have valued himfelf upon the fuccefs of his 

 application to Athenodorus, more than if he had fliared 

 t'le conquefls of I^ueullus or Pompey. Strab'.i fays, that 

 he lived and died with Cato. F'abricius fuggelfs, that this 

 Athenodorus was the author of a work againfl the Cate- 

 gories of Ariilotle, mentioned by Porphyry, Simplicins, 

 and Stobxus. Plat, in Vit. Catoii. Oper. t. i. p. 66j. 

 Diog. Laert. Strabo, 1. xiv. t. i. p. 91;!. Fabr. Bib. 

 GrsEC. 1. iii. c. 15. t. ii. p. 371. 



Athenodorus, a famous ancient fculptor, who was 

 born at Rhodes. According to Pliny, be was a feholar of 

 Polycletus, who flouri.Oied about the eighty-feventh olym- 

 piad, or 432 years before Chrifl. He was one of the three 

 who jointly executed the famous group of Laocoon ; the 

 other two were Agefander and Polidore. 



ATHENOPOLIS, in indent Geography, a town of 

 Gallia Narbonnenfis, on the coail of the Mallilians, between 

 port Citharifta and Forum Julii, according to Phny. Its 

 preciie fituation is not now known. 



ATHENRY, in Geography, a borough town of the 

 county of Galway, in Ireland, which gives name to a barony. 

 Within an exter.five circuit of dilapidated walls, and their 

 ruinous towers, the remains of caftlcs and abbeys, that are 

 intermixed with tlie cottages of a now fmall village, prefent 

 a monumer.t of its former confequence. Tiicre are alfo 

 many ruins of caftles and churches in its neighbourhood. 

 At this town was fought a battle between Fedlin O'Connor, 

 prince of Connaught, an aftbciate of Edward Bruce, and 

 an Englifli army under William de Burgo and Richard de 



Bermingham 



