A T R 



ftriated, with imprened dots on the interflices. Spairm. nov. 

 ad. Stockh. 1785. 



Atratijs, a fpecies of Cryptocephalus. (CrhjccrU 

 Fabr.) It inhabits Tranqucbar; is pale with the wing-cafes 

 entirely margined with deep black. Gmtl. &c. 



Atratus, a fpecies of Cerambyx ( Prwni/j Fabr.) that 

 inhabits Ceylon. The thorax is bidentated on each fide ; 

 body black; antennae moderate, with ferrated fpines in front. 

 Gmclin, &c. 



Atratus, an European fpecies of Carabus, of a black 

 colour, with orbicular thorax, pale wing-cafes, varied with 

 black ; antenna and legs ferruginous-brown. Muf. Lel]<. 

 Linn. 



Atratus, a fpecies of Ten e brio found in Egypt; it is 

 entirely black and glabrous. Gmel. The wing- cafes are 

 united, and the anterior legs bidentated. 



Atratus, a fpecies of Cimex, of an oblong form 

 {Oblongm SeA.) and entirely of a deep black. Geoffroy. 

 Inhabits France. 



Atratus, a fpecies of Hemorobius found in Africa. 

 The wings are whitifh; firft pair fpotted with black; body 

 black. This is a large inftft, and inhabits Africa; the 

 thorax is hairy, and the abdomen cylindrical. Fabricius. 



Atratus, a fpecies of Ichneumon that inhabits Europe. 

 It is black; abdomen ferruginous, with the four extreme 

 fcgments black ; legs rufous ; antenna ferruginous, annulated 

 witii brown, and tipped with black. A native of Europe. 

 Muf. Le(l<. Linn. Ohf. In Gmelin's fubdivifion of the ich- 

 neumon genus, thisinleft belongs to that family which has 

 the fcutel and thorax of the fame colour, and the antennas 

 annulated or banded. Another fpecies occurs under the 

 fame fpecific name, which belongs to that family in which 

 the fcutel and thorax are of one colour, and the antennae 

 black. This is a large infect, and inhabits America. It is 

 black; head, legs, and ftreak on the tail, yellow; fting very 

 long. Fabricius. The mandibles and ftreak between the 

 eyes are black; wings duflcy; lling thrice the lengh of the 

 body. 



Atratus, in Natural Hijlory, a fpecies of Echinus 

 that inhabits India. It is hcmifpherical-oval, and rather de- 

 prefled, with very (hort, obtufe, truncated fpines; the mar- 

 ginal ones clubbed and depreffed. Gmclin. This is c'ularis 

 ■violacm of Klein, and vkleHe egel-nmihr of Phelf. Zee-eg. 

 p. 30. The form of this kind is rather orbicular, cinereous 

 inclining to violet; f paces ten, very finely granulated, with 

 a row of larger tubercles, in the larger ones difpofed in a 

 quincunx order, and a double row in the fmaller ones; 

 avenues brown, excavated, granulated, with four rows of 

 pores; fpines violet, fome of them clubbed, fome anguLited 

 at the tip, and fome cylindrical. 



ATREBATII, or Attrebatii, in Ancient Geography, 

 a people of Britain, fituated next to the Bibroci, in part of 

 Bcrklhire and part of Oxfordfhire. According to Camden 

 they inhabited Berkfhire; but Baxter fays that their country 

 was Oxfordlhire. Thev occupied, as it is faiJ, nearly the 

 whole of the weftcrn parts of Berkfiiire, from the river 

 Lodden on the fouth-eaft, the banks of the Thames on the 

 north-welt and weft, and the hills of Eaft Ilfley, Lamborn, 

 and Aflibury on the fouth. The Atrebatii were one of 

 thofe Belgic colonies which had come out of Gaul into 

 Britain, and there retained their ancient name : for they 

 were a tribe of the Belgx, who inhabited the country which 

 is now called Artois. They are mentioned by Cxfar among 

 the nations which compofed the Belgic confederacy againll 

 him; and the quota of troops which they engaged to furnilh 

 on that occafion was 15,000. Comius of Arras was a king 

 or chieftain among the Atrebatii in Gaul in Cscfar s Umcj 

 Vol. III. 



A T R 



and he feems to have pofTefTed fome authority, or at Icaft. 

 fome influence, over our Atrebatii in Britain; for he wa« 

 deputed by Cafar to perfuade them to fubmiflion. Hence 

 it is probable that this colony of the Atrebatii had not been 

 fettled in Britain very long before that time. Thefe were 

 among thofe Ijiitifli tribes which fubmitted to Csfar; nor 

 do we hear of any remarkable refiftance which they made 

 againft the Romans at their next invafion under Claudius. 

 It is probable, that before this fccond invafion they had been 

 fubdued by fome of the neighbouring ftatcs, perhaps by the 

 powerful nation of the Cattivellauni, which will account for 

 their being fo little mentioned in hiftory. Calliva Attrc- 

 batum, mentioned in Antonine's Itinerary, and called by 

 Ptolemy, Calcua, feems to have been the capital of the 

 Atrebatii; though our antiquaries differ in their fcntimcnts 

 concerning the fitnation of this ancient city; fome, with 

 Horfley, placing it at Silchefter in Hamprtiirc, near the con- 

 fines of Bcrklhire;- Stukcley, at Farnhain; and moft others, 

 with Camden and Baxter, placing it at Wallingford in 

 Berkfhire. It has been doubted, whether the countr)- of 

 the Bibroci and Atrebatii was within the Roman province 

 called Britannia Prima, or in that called Flavia Csefarienfis; 

 but it feems moft probable that it was in the lalt of thefe 

 provinces. Henry's Hift. vol. i. p. 248. vol. ii. p. 413. See 

 Ancalites. 



ATRELLA, in Entomology, a fpecies of Phal^na 

 [Tinea) that inhabits Italy. The wings and body are 

 black and bronzed; apex of the pofterior ones, and the tail 

 teftaceous. 



ATRESIA, from a, and Tjaa; whence Tilfau, toperforate; 

 in Surgery, imperforation, or the ftate of thofe pcrfons who 

 want fome natural aperture. 



ATRETI, thofe perfons of either fex, in whom tlic 

 anus, or genitals, are imperforate, orclofc, whether naturally, 

 or occafioned by fome accident or difeafe, as the growth of 

 fome fleftiy excrefeence, or a membrane which Hops the 

 orifice. 



ATRI, in Geography, a town of Italy, in the kingdon\ 

 of Naples, and province of AbiuEzo Ultra; nine miles eaft 

 ofTeramo. See Adria. 



ATRIB, a village of Egypt, on the right hank of the 

 Damiata branch of the Nile. A little below it runs a large 

 canal, which empties itfclf into the lake Menzalc, towards 

 the eaftern part of it. The cottages that compofe thii 

 village, cover the ruins of the ancient jtlrilis, which, 

 according to Ammianus Marcellinus, was one of the moft 

 confiderable towns in Egypt. But no remains of its former 

 extent and grandeur now exift. 



ATRIBUNIE, a river that runs through the weflcrm 

 part of the illand of St. Domingo, and empties itfelf into 



*-hs *^^*- . ■ , r ■ c r 



ATRICAPILLA, in Ornithology, a fpecies of Em- 



beriza, of a reddifh brown above, beneath cinereous; chin 

 white; crown yellow; forehead, and ftripe through the 

 eyes black. This is emberlza atricapitla of Gmehn, and 

 black crowned bunting of Latham. It inhabits the Sandwich 

 ifles. There is a variety of this bird in which the breaft 

 is waved with black; and alfo another bird correfpondmg 

 with the firft in fome rcfpeds, but in which the crown is not 

 yellow; this is fuppofed to be the female. 



The black-crowned bunting is fcven inches in length; 

 upper part of the plumage reddifh brown, and each feather 

 marked longitudinally with a dufky colour; coverts and 

 quills edged with a paler colour; the throat, brcall, and 

 belly arc alh-colour; the laft marked along the middle with 

 yellowifti buffi tail brown; legs brown; cb«-s dufky. 

 Lath. 



Ml 



Arm* 



