A T R 



about tl;e any?, which fometimes difappcar, and then return 

 again, at lealt. while in their early ftate. 



The atrices are ranked in the numb&r of condyhmala Oif ci. 

 Some authors aifo give the denomination alrices to a kind of 

 latent wounds in the extremity of the reftuni, which however 

 do not perforate the fame. 



ATIIICILLA, in Orn'uhology, a fpecies of Larus or 

 gull, called by Wilhighby Ballner's great adi-colonred fea- 

 mew; and in the Ardic Zoology- of Pennant and Gen. Syn. 

 of Latham, the laughing-giill. BrifT. names it ga%ia lidibunda", 

 and Buff, mouette rieufe. Tiiis bird is very common about 

 the fhores of America, and places contiguous. Its food is 

 tilh and murine worms; and it is fpecilically diiHn(n;i(hed 

 from the reft of the gull tribe by being of a hoary grey 

 colour, with a blackifh head, red bill, andblack legs. 6cdm. 

 Nov. A&.. Stockh. 5(;c. 



ATRICILL^E, i:i£/./imo/-;_y, afpeciesofCuRYSOMELA, 

 of a black colour, with the thorax, wing-cafes, and ihanks 

 of the legs tellaceoua. Linn. Faun. Suec. Fubricius de- 

 fcHbes it as chryfomela faitatoria nigra, thorace-elytrifque 

 cinereio. Spec. Inf. Chryfomela welanocephala of Dcgcer 

 is fuppofcd to be a variety of this fpecies, by Gmelin. In- 

 habits Europe, and is found on various plants. 



ATRICILLOIDES, in Ornithology, a fpecies of Larus, 

 that inhabits Siberia, about the fait lakes. The colour is 

 reddiih white, with the head, orbits, and neck black; back 

 and wings cinereous; legs fcarlet. Falck. It. 3. p. ^55. 



ATRIFNSES, in Annqmty, a kind of fervants or 

 officers, in the great famihes at Rorne, who had the care 

 and infpedlion of the atria, and the things lodged theiein. 



Thefe are otherwife called atriarii, though fome make a 

 diftinCtion between atrienfes and atriarii; fuggeiling that 

 the latter were an inferior order of fervants, perhaps afiiil- 

 ants of the atrienfes, and employed in the more fervile 

 offices ot the atrium, as to attend at the door, fweep the 

 area. Sec. 



The atrienfes are reprefented as fervants of authority and 

 command over the reft ; they acled as procurators, or 

 agents of their mailer, in felling his goods, &c. To 

 their care was committed the llatues and images of the 

 mailer's anceitors, &c. which were placed round the 

 atrium ; and which they carried in proceffion at funei-als, &c. 



In the villas, or country-houfes, the atrienfes had the 

 care of the other furniture and utenfils, particularly thofe 

 of m.ctal, which they were to keep bright from rull. Other 

 things they were to hang from time to time in the fun, to 

 keep them drj-, &c. They were clothed in a (hort white 

 linen habit, to diftinguilh them, and prevent their loiter- 

 ing horn home." 



ATRIP, in Nautical Language, is applied either to the 

 anchor or fails. The anchor is atrip, when it is drawn out 

 of the ground in a perpendicular direction, either by 

 the cable or buoy-rope. The top-fails are atrip, when 

 they are hoifted up to the maft-head, or their utmoll ex- 

 tent. 



ATRirALDA, in Geography, a fmall town of Naples, 

 in the Principato Ultra, built upon the ruins of the ancient 

 Abcllinum Marficum, and Handing upon an eminence com- 

 pofed of ilrata of foft coloured tufa. The inhabitants are 

 fuppofcd to have retired from it in the middle ages, and to 

 have founded the prefent city of Avcllino, as more conve- 

 nient for traffic. Atripalda carries on fome trade in paper, 

 cloth, and hard-ware. This town was tirft held in fee by 

 the Montforts; it was afterwards granted by Ferdinand I. 

 to George Callriot, or Scand^rberg, prince of Epirus, as a 

 reward for his timely affiftance in 1460; and it now gives 

 the title of duke to the prince of Avellino's ddeil fou. 



A T R 



ATRIPLEX, in Botany, the plant called Orache or 

 Arache. Lm.g. 1,53. Schreb. 1577. Gsenn. 75. JulT. 8c. 

 ^Mi, polygarma monoeaa. Nat. Order, holoracea. /Itribli- 

 CCS Julr. Gen. Char. Hermaphrodite flower. Cal. perianth 

 h re-leaved, concave, permanent; divifionj ovat<:, concave, 

 membranaceous at the tdoe. Cor. rone. Stam. filamtnti 

 hve, lubulate oppofitc to the leaves of the calyx, and longer 

 than then ; anthers roundifh, twin. PiJ}. germ orbiculaie. 

 Uyle two-parted, niort; ftigmas reflex, /'rr. none. Caljx, 

 doled, pentagonal, with the angles compufTid, deciduous. 

 Seed, one, orbicular, dcpre/fed. Female flower on the fame 

 plant. Cal. perianth two-leavcd ; leaflets flat, cred, ovate, 

 acute, large, compreffed. Cor. none. Pijh germ cam- 

 pieffed; ftyle two-paited ; ftigmas reflex, acutr. Per. 

 none ; valves of the calyx vcrj- l^rge. cordate, including tho 

 feed between them. Seal, one, crbiculate, comprtlTLd. 



Eft". Gen. Char. Herro. Cal. fivc-leavcd. Cor. none. 

 Slam. five. Style, two-parted. Seed, one-dtprcfled. Female. 

 Cal. two-leaved. Cor. none. Stam. none. Style, two-parted. 

 Seed, one, comprcflcd. 



"Species, i. A. halimui, tall, (hrubby orache, or Spanilh 

 fea-purdanc. " Stem ftirubby ; leaves deltoid, entire."' 

 Root perennial, woody, branched. The whole fl-.rub it 

 white ; ftems from four to fix inches high or more, dividing 

 into woody brittle branclics ; leaves ftattcred on lo-:ig foot- 

 ftalks ; flowers fmall, purplifti, at the ends of the branches. 

 It grows in hedges near the fea about Nice, alfo in Spain, 

 Portugal, Sicily, &c. According to Parkinfon it was cul- 

 tivatedhere in 1640. 2. A. portuljcoidej, dwarf fhrubby 

 orache, or common fca-purdane. Hudf. With. Lightf. Eng. 

 Bot. 4. t. 261. " Stem ftirubby ; leaves obovate." Alow 

 underlTirub ; leaves narrow, whitifti ; branches angular, re- 

 clining, glaucous ; flowers in cluilered fpikes terminal, yel- 

 low. It grows near the fea in fait marfnes, flowering in 

 July and Augufl:. 3. A. glauca. " Stem underfiirubby 

 procumbent ; leaves ovate, fcifile, quite entire ; the lower 

 ones fubdentate." Stem three or four feet long, with de- 

 clining branches ; leaves thickifti, of a filvcry glaucous co- 

 lour ; flowers yellow at the axils of the upper branches. A 

 native of France and Spain. 4. A. ro/ea. Villars Dauph. 

 2. 565. " Stem herbaceous ; leaves hoary, fcrrated ; fruit 

 quadrangular, toothed." Stem erect, fomewhat angular, 

 white, fmooth, branched, a foot and a half high ; leaves al> 

 ternate, fubfefiile, rhomb-hcart-ft-.apcd, fmuatc-toothed, co- 

 vered with a farinaceous white powder ; flowers in clofc cluf- 

 ters, axillary ; valves of the fruit hoary and finely notched. 

 A native of the fouth of Europe. Annual. 5. A.Jiicrica, 

 Siberian orache. " Stem herbaceous ; leaves deltoid angu- 

 lar, calyxes of the fruit muricated on the outtidc." Thi» 

 is of the fame fize as the A. hortenfis. The fruit is tomen- 

 tofe at the bale, and muricate on the outfide ; the leaves are 

 filvery beneath, and the flowers white. A native of Siberia. 

 Annual. 6. A. tartarica, Tartarian orache. Hudf. 443. 

 n. 2. $. " Stem herbaceous ; leaves deltoid, finuate-tooth- 

 ed, waved, alternate." According to Linnius, this rifc« 

 five or fix feet high. Mr. Hudfon confider* it as a variety 

 of the laciniata produced by cultivation. 7. A. burtenfis, 

 garden orache. Gmel. Sib. 3. 71. Gxrtn. FniiL 1. 362. 

 " Stem erecl, herbaceous ; leaves triangular." Root an- 

 nual ; ftem above three feet high ; leaves thick, pale, and 

 variable in their ftiapc ; valves of the calyx ovate-coixiate, 

 ftreakcd, entire. A native of Tartar)-, and cultivated by 

 Gerard in 1596. It was formerly cultivated as a cuUiiary 

 herb, being ufed as fpinage, and it is ftill eaten by the 

 French. There are fome varieties of it which depend 

 wholly upon colour. S. A. laciniata, jagged fea orache. 

 Hudl. Willi. I'ightf. Eng. Bot. 3. i6j. " Stem hcrba- 

 M HI 2 ccout ; 



