A T R 



eeous ; leaves Jthoid, toothed, filverj' underiieatli." The 

 wholcplaiu iseovered with a Ikin that peels off, and is of agrey 

 lioaiy colour ; ilem two feet high, branched ; leaves except 

 the lowed alternate, and lilvered with little plates ; lower 

 ones deltoid ; upper deltoid-lanceolate, below entire at the 

 edge, above varioufly jagged ; hermaphrodite flowers in fef- 

 fde clulters at the top of the ftalks, females axillary and 

 twin. It grows on our and other European fea-coalb, flower- 

 ing in July and Auguft. Annual. 9. A. hajlata, broad-lca- 

 vtd wild orache, vulg. Fat -hen. Martyn's Mill. Dift. " Stem 

 herbaceous ; valves of the calyx in the female flowers large, 

 deltoid, finuated." Ur. Smith fays, " all our botanills had 

 taken the A. patula, or common orache, for the A. haftata 

 of Linnxus, till his herbarium difcovered it to be his patula. 

 The real hallata proves a very different plant, having the 

 valves of the female calyx, when in fruit, very large, membra- 

 nous, reticulated, with veins, and bordered with long feta- 

 ceous teeth." The above two fpecies however bear fo 

 clofe a refemblance to each other according to Haller, that 

 he doubts if they really be diftinft fpecies. A common 

 weed in cultivated grounds, gardens, and dunghills, flower- 

 ing from June till Augull. 10. A. patula, fpreading hal- 

 berd-leaved orache. Eng. Bot. 13. t. 136. A. haftata. 

 Hudf. 443. With. 274. Curt. Lond. 2. 66. " Stem herba- 

 ceous, fpreading ; leaves triangular-lanceolate, fomewhat 

 halberd-fhaped ; calyx of the fruit more or lefb tuberculated 

 at the fides." Smith. Eng. Bot. It grows everywhere, on 

 dunghills, wafte or cultivated land; root annual, fibrous; 

 ftem with long, fpreading, numerous branches ; leaves alter- 

 nate, on ilalks mealy beneath ; the lower ones haftate, deep- 

 ly and irregularly toothed ; the upper narrow, lanceolate, 

 moilly entire ; clullers of flowers terminal, and axillary, 

 long, interrupted, a little leafy ; valves of the female calyx, 

 which alone feems to ripen its feed, triangular, acute, tooth- 

 ed about the lateral angles, and Ihidded in the middle with 

 tubercles. By the fea-fide the whole plant is procumbent, 

 more flefhy, reddifli, and all the leaves fomejj'hat entire. 

 Smith. I.e. II. A. litloral'u, grafs-leaved fea orache. 

 Hudr.444. With. 275. Eng. Bot. 10. t. 702. " Stem her- 

 baceous, ereft ; leaves all linear, entire, or toothed ; calyx 

 of the female flowers muricated, finuated." Stem ereJt, 

 angular, with leafy branches ; leaves alternate, on footftalks, 

 flat, linear, having their margins entire, or more commonly 

 fet with fmall fcattered teeth, mealy underneath ; fpikes 

 terminal, denfe, obtufe ; valves of the female flowers 

 become much enlarged, ovate, deeply and irregularly finua- 

 ted, and furnifhed with large pointed tubercles. Found on 

 th« eaftern and fouthtrn coafts of this kingdom, in a muddy 

 foil, flowering in Auguft and September. 12. K. pcduncu- 

 lata, pedunculated fea-orache. Hudf. 444. With. 1 146. Eng. 

 Bot. 4. 232. " Stem herbaceous, with divaricating branch- 

 es ; leaves lanceolate, obtufe, undivided ; fruit of the 

 female flowers ptduncled." The pedunculated fruit, 

 even, without the zigzig, angular ftem, fufficiently 

 diftinguifhes this fpecies from all its congeners. The 

 ftem is fix or eight inches high, with remarkably glau- 

 cous leaves. It grows on the fait marflics near 

 Yarmouth, and was found by Dr. Smith on the muddy 

 fliore of the river Oufe, juft below Lynn. Annual. 13. A. 

 manna, ferratcd fea-orache. Lightf. 637. " Stem herba- 

 ceous, ereft ; leaves linear ferrate." Mr. Hudfon's A. fer- 

 rata is certainly a variety of A. littoralis, and we are difpofed 

 to confider this as the fame plant. 14. A. albicans, white 

 orache. " Stem flirubby, ereft ; leaves haftate, entire, 

 acute ; fpikes terminating." A native of the Cape ; dif- 

 covered by Maffoii, and uitroduccd by hiin into the Kcw 

 garden in 1774. 7 



A T R 



Propagfil'ton and Culture. I, 2, 3. may be increafed by 

 cuttings planted in any of the fummer months, on a fliady 

 border ; where, if they be daily watered, they will be in a 

 ftate to tranfplant the Michaelmas following. N° 7. mull be 

 fown for ufe in the fpring, or at Michaelmas, foon after the 

 feeds are ripe, which is better. Thefe plants require no 

 other care, but to hoe them when they are about an inch 

 high ; to cut them down where they are too thick, leaving 

 them about four inches afunder, and to clear them from 

 weeds. When the plants are about four inches high, it 

 will be proper to hoe them a fecoiid time, and if this be 

 well performed in dry weatlier, the ground will remain 

 clean until the plant is fit for ufe. Where it is fown on 

 a rich foil, and the plants are allowed a proper diftancc, 

 the leaves will be very large and in that the excellence 

 of the herb confifts. Uuleij it be eaten when young, 

 the ftalks become tough and godd for nothing. The 

 feeds will ripen in Auguft, when the plants may be cut 

 or pulled up and laid on a cloth to dry ; after which 

 the feeds may be beaten out and put in bags to dry. 

 Moft of the other forts, fo far from being cultivated in 

 gardens, are to be rooted out from them as rank weeds. 

 Martyn's Miller's Dift. 



Atriplex. See Atraphaxis, Axyrts, Blitum, 

 Chenopodium, and Galenia. 



ATRIPLICIS, in Entotnolngy, a fpecies of Scarabteus 

 {Mtlulontha.) This infect is oblong, villofe, pale ; future 

 and apex of the wirg-cafes black ; (hield of the head re- 

 flefted. A native of Earbary, and feeds on the atriplex hal- 

 mifolia ; in fize and appearance refembles S. ruficornis. 



Atriplicis, a fpecies of Curculio that is found 

 on the fhores' of Norway. It is long and black ; thorax 

 fhining ; wing-cafes ftriated and obtufe. Gmehn. 



Atriplicis, a fpecies of PHAL-f-NA [Noclua). The firll 

 wings are clouded with brown, with a yellow bifid mark in 

 the middle. Fn. Sv. Fabr. &c. The larva is naked, reddifh, 

 dotted with white, and marked along the back with a brown 

 line. Pupa, naked and brown. 



Atriplicis, a fpecies of Aphis that infefts the atriplex 

 hortenfis. The body is glofl'y black, plaited at the fides ; 

 ftianks pale ; tail obtufe. Fabr. S:c. 



ATR.IROSTRIS, a fpecies of Cursulio. Itiscine- 

 reous, with the fnout arched and black. Inhabits Leipzick. 

 Paykull. 



ATRIUM, in Auaent /Irchitellure, one of the interior 

 divifioiis of the ancient Roman houfes. Aulus Gellius tells 

 us, that even in his time many learned perfons confounded 

 together the terms atrium and veftibulum. Cecilius Gallui 

 teaches us, that the vellibulum was not a part of the inte- 

 rior of the houfe, but only a large recefs at the principal 

 entrance, perhaps analogous to the modern loggias of the 

 Italians. Cicero, in a letter to Atticus, feems to exprefs 

 the fame thing, when he fays, that in pafling through the 

 facred ftreet, when he was purfued by aflaffins, he took re- 

 fuge in the veftibulum of Tatius. " Secefll in veftibulum 

 Caii Tatii Domionis." From the time of Aulus Gellius, the 

 fame uncertainty of the exaft meaning of thefe words con- 

 tinued, and they became almoft fynonymous. It mufl. be 

 ftill more difficult at the prefent time, to alTign to the 

 atrium its true fituation and ufe. 



Martial places the coloffus of Nero in the atrium, and 

 Suetonius in the veftibulum ; from whence it refults that 

 one of them muft have employed one of thefe terms impro- 

 perly. Vitruvius even fometimes employs the word atrium 

 for cavaedinm. Virgil by this verfe, " apparet domus rytus, 

 et atria longa patcfcunt," gives us to underftand, that the 

 atriuju was an interior jiart of buildings ; and it appears 

 , certaiu> 



