ATT 



talus commenced his reign in the year 159 B.C. and after 

 a i-eigM of 21 years, dillinguiOitd principally by his fucccD 

 in rcftonng Anarathes VI. to the throne of Cappadocia 

 and by his contclt with Prufias king of Bithynia, which 

 terminated after alternate defeats and fuccefs in the de- 

 thronement and affaffination of this prince, he died in his 

 82d year. He was a patron of literature, acknowledged 

 as the founder of two cities in Afia ; viz. Attahs and Phi- 

 ladelphia, and eftecmed much by the Romans, by whom 

 he was ccnfidered as one of thtir molt faithful allies.— 

 Attains III. was the fon of Eumenes II. and fic- 

 ceeded his uncle in the year 138 B.C. His difpofiticn 

 was cruel and lufp-.cious, and Jed him to facri.'ice moll of 

 his o»vn family, and fcveral perfons of diiUndion in his 

 court, with their wives and children. From his real or 

 affefied love for his mother Stratonica, he was denominated 

 PhilcmcUr. After filling his capital and kingdom with 

 deplorable diftrefs, he retired into folitude, and Icqucftcred 

 from all fecial intercourfe, devoted himfelf to the cul- 

 ture of a garden, in which he planted a variety of poifonous 

 herbs ; and thefe he occafionally fcnt in packets, mixed with 

 pulfe, to thofe who were the objeas of his gloomy fuf- 

 picions. This conduct indicates infanity ; but it has been 

 afcribed by Van-o and Columella to a fondncfs for horti- 

 culture, and the lludy of medicinal fimples ; and Attalus 

 has been numbered among thofe who wrote on thefe fub- 

 jedls._ By the heat and toil which he experienced in the 

 chemical employment of carting a ftatuc of his mother, he 

 v.as thrown into a fever, which terminated his life and 

 rei;-n in the year 133 B. C. The Roman people were by 

 his tellamer.t left the heirs of his good;, which they inter- 

 preted to mean his do.minions and fubjedls. Their claim to 

 this rich inheritance was rontefted, but at length eftabhfh- 

 ed. The wealth of Attalus feems to have been a pro- 

 P verbial exprcflion, and is frequently alluded to by tlie 

 Roman poets. Gen. Biog. See Pergamus. 



Attalus, a Chriftian martyr, was a native of Pergamus 

 in Phrj-gia, and fell a facrifice to perfecution at Lyons, 

 in the 17th year of the emperor Marcus Antoninus, and 

 the 177th year of our Lord. In an epiftle of the churches 

 of Vienne and Lyons, addrefled to the churches of Afia 

 and Fhiygia, containing a relation of tlie fufferings of their 

 martyrs, Attalus is denominated " the pillar and I'upport of 

 the churches there," and a zealous champion for the truth. 

 He was led round the amphitheatre with a board carried 

 before him, on which was iufcribed, " This is Attalus the 

 Chriilian;" wliilft the people were inceffant fn expreffing their 

 great indignation againfl him. For the gratification of the 

 people he was delivered to the wild bcails, and after having 

 been run through with a iword, he was fet in an iron chair 

 and burned to death. The conduit ui Attalu-i, as well 

 as that of his fellow-fuffercrs, manifeficd a fortitude that 

 was invincible. Eufebius, 1. v. Prap. c. I. Lardner's works, 

 vol. vii. p. 425, &c. 



ATTALYDA, in Anc'unt Geography, a town of Afia, 

 in Lydia. 



ATTAMINATUS, in Entomology, a fpecics of Sca- 

 RAB.^us, with the thorax black and glabrous ; head tuber- 

 culated ; wing-cafes teftaceous, with five black fpots on 

 each. Marftiam's Ent. Brit. Panzer names this httle infeft 

 S. inquinatus, Ent. Germ. 



ATTAR of Rofes. See Ottar. 

 ATTARSOAK, in Zoology, a name affigned by Cranz 

 (GroenL p. 163.), to the fpecies of Phoca, gioenlandica, 

 orharpfealof Pennant. See Groenlandica. 



ATTELABOIDES, in Entom-Jogy, a fpecies of Ca- 

 8.ABUS that inhabits Coromandel, and is about the fize of 

 8 



A T L 



the European fpecies leucophthalmos. It is apterous and 

 black, with a narrow thorax ; the pofterior part of the 

 head attenuated ; wing-cafes furrowed and truncated. Fa- 

 bric! us. 



p -^TTE^ABOiDEs, a fpecics of CiRCUL.o that inhabits 

 Lrazil. fhc (hells are rough, varied with brown and grey; 

 legs vanegated ; and thighs clavate. It is thus fpecificaliy 

 defined by Fabric! us ; " roftro clytrifque umtuberculatii j" 

 beak and wing-cafes with a fingle tubercle. 



j^TTELABOiDEs, a fpecics of Rhinomacer that in- 

 habits the pine. It is downy ; anteunie anfl legs tcllaceous. 

 A native of Sweden, Gmel. &c. 



Attelaboides, a fpecies of Formica of a black 

 colour; two fpines on the thorax ; legs ferruginous ; pof- 

 tenor part of the head attenuated. Fabricius. Inhabits 

 Brazil. 



Attelaboides, a fpecies of Cimex {Reduvim Seft.), 

 found in New Holland. It is teftaceous, varied with black ; 

 anterior part of the thorax teftaceous, with two black 

 teeth. Fabricius. The fnout is pale, with a black dorfal 

 hue ; a black band in the middle of the thorax ; antenor 

 margin of the wing-cafes black ; wings black ; body tefta- 

 ceous beneath ; thighs annulated with black. 



ATFELABUS, a genus of Coleopterous infcclg 

 in the Liunian fyftem, that is diftinguiftied by having the 

 head inchr.ed and pointed behind ; antenna moniliform, and 

 thickeft near the end. Linn. &c. 



Of this genus, Gmelin enumerates thirty -four fpecies, 

 including the Fabrician cleri, and fpondylides defcribcd in 

 Spec. Inf.— Fabricius in his Ent. Syft. defcribes thirty- 

 feven fpecies of the attelabi exclufivcly ; his character of the 

 genus is, feelers filiform ; jaws bifid ; lip homy, conceahng 

 the feelers ; antenna: moniliform, and fituatcd on the beak. 



This genus Linnyus obferves is very obfcu.'e, the infects 

 an-anged under it differing much f.-jm one another in their 

 external appearance. But this obfcurity a later writer 

 remarks," proceeds rather from Linnaus's not having known 

 a fiifficient number of infedts prop^-r to be an-an'^ed under 

 it ; and his placing with thofe, ttie fpecies included in t':e 

 Clerus genus by Geoffroy, in which the generical cliarac- 

 ters he affigns for his attelabi are not found, than to any 

 defeft in the chaiafters themfelvcs." Scopoli dillin 'uifhea 

 the attelabi by the following character ; hinder part of the 

 head gradually diminiftiing in fize ; eyes prominent ; thorax 

 lomewhat broader than the diameter of the head, and of a 

 cylindric form. Among thefe are included fome of the 

 Linnxan chryfomela, whofc bodies are oblong and narrower 

 than the thorax. The clerus of Geoffroy and Schcffcr is 

 partly taken from the Linnsan attelabi, and partly from 

 the dermettes of thnt author ; the charaftcrs they aflign it 

 are, antenna; club-tornied, and placed on the head ; the 

 knob compufed of three joints ; no probofcis ; thorax al- 

 moil cyhndrical, and without margin ; foles of the feet 

 fpongy. 



The body of the infedts in the genus attelabus is com- 

 monly of an ovate form ; the head projecting, ovate, and 

 narrow behind, where it unites with the thorax ; the eyes 

 are globofe and fituated in front ; the antenniE (hort and 

 approximate, moniliform, and compuled of eleven joints, 

 of which that at the bafe is large, and the three at the 

 extremity form an oval of a fumewhat lengthened (hape ; 

 thorax and fcutel are both rotundated ; wing-cafes as long 

 as the abdomen, and rather convex ; legs fliort and the feet 

 of four joints. The infefts of this genus approach very 

 nearly to les brachiceres, les brentes, les ihinomaters, Ics 

 raacroccphales, and les bruches of modern French natural- 

 ills, but are I'ufficiently diilinguilhcd by their antenna:. 



The 



