A T U 



friAion, exprefles fuch a motion of bodies againft one ano- 

 ther, as llrikes off fome fuperficial particles, whereby they 

 gradually become lefs and Icfs. The grinding and polidiiiig 

 of bodies is performed by attrition. The etfects of attri- 

 tion in exciting heat, light, ekaricity, &c. fee under 

 Electricity, Fire, Heat, and Light. 



Attrition, zmong Divhws, denotes a fonow or regret 

 for having offended God ; arifing from a fenfe of the odiouf- 

 nefs of fin, and the apprehenfioiis of puntfliment ; i. e. of 

 the lofs of heaven, and the pains of hell. 



Attrition is efteemed the loweft degree of repentance, be- 

 ing a ftep (hort of contrition, which fnppofcs the love of 

 God an ingredient or motive of our forrow and repentance. 

 Attrition, in the church of Rome, was confidered as a fuffi- 

 cient difpofition for a man in tlie facrament of penance to 

 receive abfolution, and be juftified before God, by removing 

 his guilt, and the obligation to puiiilhment. Hence Dr. 

 Jer. Taylor mentions this notion as one of thofe which ac- 

 cidentally taught or led to an ill life. Liberty of Prophc- 

 fying, p. 252. 



ATT ROW, in Botany, a name given by the people of 

 Guinea to a plant which they ufe in cafes of f.vellings, boil- 

 ing the leaves in water, and ufing the decoftion by way of 

 a fomentation. 



It is a fpecies of Kali, and is called by Petiver iali Gui- 

 neenfe frjhis pohgoni, Jlor'ibus '■jerticiHi in moilitm Sfpoftis, from 

 its leaves refembling the common knot-grafs, and its flowers 

 growinp^ in bundles round the ftalks. Phil.Tranf. N'"" 232. 



ATTRUMMAPHOC, a name given by the people of 

 Guinea to a (hrub which they ufe in medicine ; they bcvl it 

 in water, and give the decoction in the venereal dif- 

 eafe. The juice ot it, w-hen frelh preffed out, is alfo 

 ufed, fnuffed up the noftrils, to promote fneezing, and cure 

 feveral diforders of the head and eyes. Phil. Tranf. N^ 232. 



It is a fpecies of CoLUTE A, called by Petiver, Colutea 

 lanug'mofa Jlorihus, parvh Jiliquis p'drifis deorfum tcndentlbus ; 

 and Dr. Herman calls it an ajlragalus. 



ATTUARII, in Ancient Geography, a people of Ger- 

 many, called by Strabo Chaltuarii, and placed by him in 

 the neighbourhood of Cattes. By Tacitus they are deno- 

 minated Chafuari. Julian marched againft thefe people, and 

 after an expedition of three months, defeated them. 



ATTUIE, in Geography, a town of Arabia, 76 miles 

 W. S. W. of Saade. 



ATTUND, or OsTUND, a country of Sweden, being 

 one of the three parts of Upland, between Stockholm, Up- 

 land, and the Baltic fea ; famous for its mines. 



ATTURNATO fadendo -uel reciplaido, in Laiv. See 

 Attornato, &c. 



ATTUSA, in Ancient Geography, a town of Afia Mi- 

 nor, on the confines of Bithynia and Myfia. Pliny. 



ATUACA, or Atuatuca, a town of Belgic Gaul, 

 mentioned by Csefar as belonging to the Eburones, and 

 called by Antonin {Itm.) Advoca Tungrorum. This city, 

 under the appellation of Tongres, vras ruined by Attila in 

 451, and its epifcopal fee was transferred to MaeiWcht ; and 

 from thence, in 881, to Liege. 



ATUED, or Atuet, in Geography, a town of Sweden, 

 in Eaft Gothland, having in its vicinity fome good mises ; 

 fix leagues fouth-eaft of Lindkoping. 



ATUN-JAUXA. SeejAuxA. 



ATUN-CANAR, or Great Canar, a \-illage of South 

 America, in the jurifdiftion of Cuen9a, and province of 

 Quito, famous for its fertility and the treafures fuppofcd to 

 be buried in the earth. One of the Incas is faid to have 

 built ia this place feveral magnificent temples, fplendid pa- 



A V A 



Uces, and forts of (tone, like thofe of Cufco, and to hav« 

 plated the infide of the walls with gold. Some rema'ni of 

 its ancient magnificence arc tlill vifible. Juan and UUou'i 

 Voyage to South Amenc?, by Adams, vol. i. p. 319. 



ATURjE, or Aturensium Civitas, m Anc'unt Geo- 

 graphy, a town of Gaul, in the diftrift of Novem-popu- 

 hinia, feated on the river Aturus ; now Aire on the 

 Adour. 



ATURES, in Geography, a famous cataraA of the river 

 Oronoko, in South America. 



ATURf, a town of European Turkey, in Beflarabia, 

 twenty two miles fouth of Bender. 



ATURIA, or Atvria, in Ancient Geography, a name 

 given by Strabo to Affyria. 



ATSMANDORF, in Geography, a town of Germnnv. 

 in the circle of the Lower Rhine, four miles fouth-ealt i)t 

 Erfuit. 



ATWOOD's Key, a fmall ifland furronnded by rock?, 

 twelve miles north-eall from Crook;-d ifland, and fifty call 

 from Yuma, or Long ifland, one of tlie Bahamas. N. lat. 

 23" 28'. W. long. 73^ 



ATYAD7E, in Ancient Geography, the firft race of kin<»s 

 who reigned in Lydia, fo called from Atys, the fon of Co- 

 tys, and grandlon of Manes, who was faid to be the fon 

 of Jupiter and Tellns. The Atyadz were fuccteded by 

 the Heraclidx, or defcendants of Hercule;. See Lydia. 



Atymnus, '\a Entomology, a fpecies of Papilio [Pleb. 

 Riir. Linn.) that inhabits China and Siam. The wings are 

 tailed, fulvous ; with the anterior oncj black at the apex. 

 Fabricius. Donovan's Inf. China, &c. Ob/.Tlas'ii Hrj'peria 

 Atymnvs of Fab. 



ATYPOS, from a. negative, and tvto,-, form, or tenor, 

 erratic, or irregular, a word ufed by the old writers in me- 

 dicine, for fuch difeafes as did not obfervc any regularity 

 in their periods. 



Others have alfo ufed the fame word in a very different 

 fenfe, namely, for deformities and irregularities in the limbs ; 

 and others, for peifons who, from fome defects in thcorgar.s 

 of fpeech, cannot articulate certain particular founds. 



ATYS, in Ancient Geography, a river of Sicily, novr 

 called the Corbo. 



Atys, in Zoology, a fpecies of Simia, in Audebert's 

 Hiftoiredes Singes. (Fam. 4. fee. 2. fig. 8.) It belongs to 

 the family of Gucnons, and meafures one foot five inches 

 from the muzzle to the tail. The whole body is of a dirty 

 whitlfli colour ; the feet, hands, face, and cars arc of a 

 flefli colour ; the muzzle is long ; tail moderate ; ears nearly 

 fquare. This is reprefentcd as a mifchicvous and choleric 

 animal ; and capable of biting with great violence. It is 

 conjeftured to be the great white Eaft Indian Ape figured 

 by Albert Seba in his Thefaurus Rer. Natur. t. i. pi. 48. 

 fio-. 3. by fome modern French naturalitls ; and alfo the 

 Cercophiiheciis fenex oi Erxleben. Syft. Reg. Anim. p. ^4. 



ATZEL, Oriolus Nobilis, in Ornithology, the name 

 given in Merrem Beytr. to the bird called by Latham the 

 long-billed Grakle ; Graccula longiroftra of Pallas and Gme- 

 lin. Merrem alfo calls it Oriolus ckryj'ocepbulus of Gmelin, 

 Goldkoepfige gelhfchulderichte Atnel. 



AU, in Geography, a town of Germany, in the arch- 

 duchy of Auftria, fix miles north of Gemunden. — .\\{o, a 

 town in Lower Bavaria, twelve miles noilh-wttl of Mort^urg. 



AVA, a kingdom of Afia, in the peninfula of India be- 

 yond the Ganges; for an account of which fee Bilman 

 Empire. 



AvA, or Aungiva, the capital city of the kingdom of the 



fame name, or of the whole of the Birman empire, fituate 



Qjl 2 ' i« 



