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cheaters, colleftors, tenants, and cuftomers ; and fct them 

 down, and pcrfeft them. 



Auditors of the Prejl, or Imprejl, are officers in the ex- 

 cliequer, who formerly had the charge of auditing the great 

 accounts of tlie kings cuftoms, naval and military ex- 

 pences, and of all monies imprcfTtd to any man for the 

 kino-'s fervice: but they are now fuperfcdtd by the com- 

 miffioners for auditing the public accounts. See PMlc Ac- 



Auditor of ihe Receipts is an officer of the exchequer 

 who liles the tellers' bills, and mskes an entry of thtm, and 

 gives the lord-treafurer a certificate of the money received 

 the week before. He makes debentures to every teller, 

 before they receive any money, and takes their accounts. 

 Healfo keeps the black book of receipts, and the treafurer's 

 key of the treafury (where the ancient leagues of the realm, 

 and many records of the king's bench, and common pleas, 

 are repofited ) ; and fees every teller's money locked up in 

 the new treafury. 4 Inft. 107. All the exchequer bills, 

 orders, debentures, patents, and other inftrunients which 

 pals the office of the exchequer, are figned by him. 



There ai-e alio auditors of the firft fruits ; of the princi- 

 pa'ity of Wales; of the duchy of Cornwall, Sec. See 

 First Fruits, &c. 



Auditor of the Rota, the apoftolic chamber, the chate- 

 let, &c. See Rota, Chamber, &c. 



Auditors, in Church Hif.ory. See Audients. 



The auditors formed one branch of the Manichean feft, 

 which was divided into eleft and auditors; correfponding, 

 according to fome writers, to clergy and laity ; and, accord- 

 ing to others, to the faithful and catechumens among the 

 catholics. By the Manichean rule, a different courfe of life 

 was prefcribed to the eleft from that of the auditors. The 

 latter might eat flelTi, drink wine, bathe, marry, ti-affic, 

 potfefs ellates, bear magiftracy, and the like ; all which 

 things were forbidden to the eledl. The auditors were 

 obliged to maintain the eleft, and kneeled down to aflc their 

 bleffing. Beaufobre obferves, that the elcft were ecclcliaftics, 

 and in general fuch as made profeffion of obierving certain 

 counfcls, called evangelic ; fuch as the clergy and monks ; 

 and they were calltd \.\\^ perfecl by Theodortt. The auditors 

 were the laity, and fo denominated, bccaufe they heard in 

 the church, whilll others taught and iuHrufted. Lardner's 

 Works, vol. iii. p. 4G4, S;c. 



Auditors, Coni'entnal, CoHcg'mte, &c. were officers for- 

 merly appointed among the religious, to examine and pafs 

 the accounts of the houie. 



AUDITORIUS Meatus, or Auditory Poffa^e, in 

 Anatomy. There are two palfages diilinguiflud by this title ; 

 an externalone, by which the air has accelsto thelympanum ; 

 and an internal one, by which the feventh pair oi nerves pals 

 from the brain into the petrous part of the temporal bone. 

 See the Dcfcript'ion of the Ear. 



AUDITORY, inanadjeftive fenfe, fomething belong- 

 ing to the fenfe of Hearing. 



Auditory, Audience, is alfo a colleclive name, de- 

 noting an affembly of perfons, hearing or attending to a 

 perfon v/ho fpeaks in public. 



Auditory is alfo ufcd for the feat or bench where a 

 magillrate or judge hears caufes. 



At Rome, the feveral magiftrates had auditories, or 

 feats of juftice, according to their dignity. — Thofe of the 

 fuperior officers Were called tribunals; ihole of the inferior, 

 fubfcUm. 



The pedanei had their benches or auditories in the por- 

 tico of the imperial palace. Thole of tiie Jiebrtws, at 

 the gates of cities. The judges appointed by the ancient 

 lords diftributcd juftice under an tlm, which was ufually 



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planted before the manor-houfe, and ferved them for an 

 auditory. 



Auditory, /luclitorium, in the Ancient Churches, was that 

 part of the church where the audientes ftood to hear, and 

 be inllriiftal : and it was that part now tailed navis eccUfta. 

 See Nave. In the primitive times, the church was fo ftridt 

 in keeping the people together in that place, that the per- 

 fon who went from thence in fcrmon-time was ordered by 

 the council of Carthage to be excommunicated. 



Auditory Pnjagc, or Canal, Df cafes of the, in Surgerjy 

 arc defcribed under the articles Ear, and Deafsess. 



Auditory Nerves, the feventh pair. See Nerves, 

 D.fcripiion of the. 



AUUIUS, in Biography, the founder of a Chriftian feft, 

 was a native of Mefopotamia, and floiirilhcd about the year 

 350. In his own country he was much cileemtd on account 

 of the holinefs of his life, and zeal for the faith ; but he 

 cxpofed himfelf to ill-treatment by his freedom in admonilh- 

 ing the bilhops and prclbyters, and particularly in reproving 

 the rich clergy, who purfned a luxurious courfe of life. At 

 length, he feparatcd from the church, formed an affcmbiy 

 of thofe who were attached to liim, and became their bilhop. 

 The clergy, offended by his rebukes, and jealous of his po- 

 pularity, accufed him to the emperor, cither Conllantine or 

 one of his fucceffbrs, who banidicd him into Scythia ; and 

 here he converted many Goths to the Chriilian faith. His 

 followers, who were called Audians, adopted fome peculiar 

 tenets and cuftoms. They celebrated Eafter, or the pafchal 

 fealt, with the Jews, on the fouiteenth day of the moon, 

 alleging that this was the ancient cuftom, confirmed by the 

 apoftolical contlitiitioas, and that the council of Nice had 

 innovated in complaifance to Conflantine; and they are alfo 

 faid to have ufcd the apocryphal books in their afTcmblies. 

 They have beea likewife charged with fome errors in point 

 of dodrine, and particularly with attributing to the deity 

 a human form ; whence they have been claffcd with the 

 Anthropomorphites. Mofhcim K. H. vol. i. p. 630. Lard- 

 ner's Works, vol. iv. p. 304. 



AUUON, in Ancient Geography, a promontory of Africa, 

 in Mauritania CKfarienfis. Ptolemy. 



AUDRA-N, in Hiogrnphy, the name of a celebrated fa- 

 mily of artills, who acquired eminence in painting and en- 

 graving. Claude, the firft of the family, was the fon of 

 Louis, who lived in the reign of Henry IV. of France. He 

 was born at Paris in 1592 ; but as he made no great pro- 

 grefs in the art of engraving, his prints are held in little or 

 no cllimation. He rcfidcd at Lyons, and died there in 1677. 



Carl, or Karl, wzs the brother, or as fome fay, the coufin- 

 gennan of Claude, and born at Paris in 1594. For the pur- 

 pofe of gratifying and improving an early tafte for the arts, 

 he went to Rome, and at his return adopted that fpccies of 

 engraving, which is performed merely with the graver. 

 His ftylc was that of Cornelius Gloemart, but neater. The 

 abbe Klarolks, who fpeaks of this artiil in terms of high 

 commendation, attributes 130 prints to him, amongll which 

 " Tlie Annunciation," a middlmg-fizcd plate, upright, from 

 Annabale Cai-acci; and " The Aifuniption," in a circle from 

 Dominichino, are the moll cfteemcd. His lull prints were 

 marked with the letter C ; and he afterwards, by way of 

 dillinguifhing his prints from thofe of his brother Claude, 

 ufcd the letter K. He died at Paris, in 16-4. 



Germain was the eldcll ton of Claude, lirll mentioned, and 

 born at Lyons in 1631. At Paris he perfetled hinifelf un- 

 der his uncle Carl, and on his return to Lyons, pubhilicd 

 feveral prints which did honour to his graver. Such was 

 the ellimation in which he was held, that lie was a raembcr 

 and profeflor of the Academy ellablifhed in this town. He 

 died at Lyons in 17 10, and left four fons, all aititls. 



Cljude 



