good 



A t^E 



Tiber; and to the north, Mens Palaiinus. It had a 

 height, and was i8 lladia in compafs. It is now calkd the 

 mount of St. Sabine ; and it is thought that the church of 

 St. Sabine was built on the ruins of the temple of Diana. 

 The ftreet that paffed from the gate of Oilia to the amphi- 

 theatre and Colifeum, divided the Aventine mount mio two 

 fummits ; whence it was called " Biceps." 



AVENTUR/E, in our Andent IVriters, fignify tourna- 

 inents, or military exercifes on horfcback. 



AVENTURE, or rather ADVtNruRE, in our Latu 

 Books, a mifchance, caufing the death of a man, without 

 felony; as, when he is fiuldenly dmwned, or burnt by an 

 accident or mifchance, falling int.o tire water or fire. See 

 MiSAVENTURE, and Chance-Medley. 



AVENTURINE, in M'merakg^. Se* Quartz, and 

 Felspar. 



AVENUE, formed of av.'riir, or advcnlr, to nrrlvs al, in 

 Fortification, an opening or inlet into a fort, baftion, or the 

 like place ; or thepaffes and ways to and from it. See Fort 

 and Bastion. 



At EN u E, in Ornamental Gardening, is a large and generally 

 ftraight walk, bounded on each fide by one, two, or more 

 rows of foreft or other trees, defigned fometimes as a prin- 

 cipal way from the common road to the manilon houfe of a 

 country-ieat, and often to form views, or to lead to different 

 dilliifts of the neighbouring country. But though avenues 



AVE 



The trees !n the rows on the (Ides (hould be planted at leaft 



difpoled in a proper manner, will have a f.nc cfTca. Some. 



n?!nVr';f "" T" "■' f"^ "'"""S «>"^f^: *here this i, 

 mu-nded, the mo I proper forts are the vanous fpecies of the 

 pine, ineludmg all the different varieties of the fir, moa of 

 wh.ch attau, a great height and magnitude, with beauti. 

 t.il fpreadiug heads, that are extremely ornamental and 

 pieahng. ' 



Av.nues of the more rural kind, fuch as common wayt 

 or roa.ls through parks or other pkafnre grounds, t« habita- 

 tions, may be continued either in direct lines, or carried round 

 in a moderate fweep, or the coi.rfc directed in two, three, 



, ,. c 1 " , '„ - gt'i>;fn vanoufly, fome 



breaking forward, otiiers ilandii.g more backward ; and fo 



ttlU r—'—-- J- ■-- ' - .. - 



tl 



ma 



ihefl ill greater divcrfity, a clump of tall flowering Ihnib* 

 iiay here and there be introduced ; having the whole fo con- 



therefore feldom be admitted with propriety in that part of 

 the ground. A fpacious lawn ofgrals fliould, as frequently 

 as poffible, be exhibited in due extenfion in the moll coa- 

 fpicuous fronts of fuch dwellings. See Lawn. 



But in diredlions from the wings, detached at confiderable 

 diftance, avenues may perhaps with propriety be occafionally 

 introduced, and extended on the fides of Ipacious lawns, 

 fen-ing by way of boundaries, being backed up next the 

 lawns witli (lirubs and lower trees, difpofcd irregularly; and 

 if they be carried in an oblique direction, the lawns will 

 ■widen gradually, and the prolpects be more comprehea- 

 five. 



Avenues may alfo be admitted at fome diftance from 

 either the ends or the back fronts of the dwellings, in either 

 of which fituations, one may be extended towarus any com- 

 mon road, village, or town, ferving as the common entrance 

 to the habitation, or merely by way of ornament, &c. And 

 in ftill more extenfive fituations, they may occupy different 

 parts at a diftance, being direfted towards woods, groves, 

 edifices, or particular diftricts about an eftate; which, when 

 formed of confiderable width, and bounded on each fide by 

 a proper variety of trees, the nobleft of the foreft, and other 

 kinds, afford a ftriking effeft as well as an air of dignity to 

 the fite. 



Avenues of this fort fhould always be planted with the 

 fiateheft trees; an affemblage of the different forts of which 

 effefts the moft agreeable variety. 



The width of the avenue in fuch cafes fhould feldom be lefs 

 than fixty feet; and when it is to be extended any confider- 

 able length, an hundred feet in width is not too much ; as when 

 the trees grow up, the branches on the oppofite fides continue 

 tQ approach each other, which by degrees greatly contract 

 the views ; fo that if a confiderable width be not at fiill 

 allowed^ tlie avenues in time appear narrow and couliued. 



7 



All the trees that arc employed in tliis way, whether 

 deciduous or evergreen, (hould be permitted to take their 

 natural growth, without being much cut or pruned. 



AVENZOAR, whofe true name was, Al Wa/.ir Astj 

 Merwan Abdelmelech Ibn Zohr, \a Biography, wa« 

 the fon of a pliylician of confiderable eminence of Seville in 

 Spain, under wiium he received t!ie firll rtidiments of his 

 education, which he afterw.irds improved by clofc applica- 

 tion and by travel. He appears alio to have had the care of an 

 hofpital, and to have acquired an uncommon (hare ol know, 

 ledge for the age in which he lived/* both in the theory and 

 practice of medicine. He was for finne time under the dif. 

 pleafure of Hali, the governor of Seville, by whom he was 

 imprifoned, but feems at length to iiavc fur'moiinted all his 

 difli'.Miltics, as he was made phyficiau to king Alman/or, in 

 which poft he continued probably to the end of his life. 

 He is faid to have died at Morocco in 1 1 66, at the great 

 age of 135 years ; though it is probable the .ige of his fon, 

 who fiiccctdcd to his f>!me and practice, is incliided in ihic 

 term. From a mannlcript in the i.leurial ( Bib. tom.ii. p.M2.>, 

 cited by Dr. Rufftll in tlic appendix to his "Hiilory of Alep- 

 po," voL ii. p. 30. it appears that Avenzoar died at Seville, 

 and not at Morocco, about the year 1 \(a ; and if it he true, 

 that he had lived to the age of 135 )eai3, and began \t 

 praftile very young, he mull have made a figure in tlic nth 

 century, and been born eight or nine yeais belore the death 

 of Avicenna. He prepaicd his own medicines, reduced 

 luxated bones, and performed other chirmgical operations, 

 but did not cut for the Hone; the Mahometan religion, which 

 he profelTed, prohibiting him from iufjiectiiig or haudhno- 

 the naked genitals. 



The work by which he is principally known, called "..\1 

 Theifer," is a compcm'.ium of the praAicc of medicine ; in 

 which fome difeafcs ai'c dctciibcd, not found in other 



writcr>» 



