A U R 



A U R 



AuRANTius, in Ornithology, a fpccies of Faico that in- Aurata Bahamenfis, Catefljy's name of the fifti called 

 habits Surinam, tlie bill and legs of which are lead colour; fparus cbryfops by Gmelin. 



body above diiflvv brown, with deciiffating narrow whitifh Aurata, in Zoology, a fpecies of Lackrta found in 

 lines; chin with long narrow whitilli feathers; throat and the ifland of Jerfey. When living, it is faid to be of a fine 

 breaft oran"-e; belly and tail brown, with interrupted golden colour, but after death this fplendid colour dif- 



- rr. -1 • appears. It has a round and rather longifh tail; fcales 



rounded and glabrous; fides brownifh. Gmelin. The body 

 is round, and apparently corpulent, and the ears are concave. 

 This kind is laccrta harbara of Muf. Ad. Fr. 



AURATUS, \n Entomology, a fpecies of Scarab;eus 



llreaks. Oniclin. This bird is about fifteen inches in 

 length ; bill three quarters of an inch long, and whitifh at 

 the bafe; on the throat a round white fpot; lower coverts 

 of the tail ferruginous; tail near the bafe lineated with 

 white; legs long, flender, with black claws. 



AuRANTius, a fpecies of Picus or wood-pecker, about 

 ten inches in length. It inhabits the cape of Good Hope; 

 is of an orange colour above, with the nape, rump, and tail 

 black. Gmelin. Briffon calls this bird f>it:us capitis Bona 

 Spci ; and Latham the orange wnod-pccher. 



AuRANTius, a fpecies of Trochilus, called by La- 

 tham the orange-throated hummiiig-bird. It is of a brown 

 colour, with the head orange: chin and breall yellow^ 

 wings purple; tail ferruginous. Gmelin. Native place 

 unknown. 



AuRANTius, a fpecies of Turdus, of a blackifh brown 

 colour, with the chin and abdomen whitifh ; beak and legs 

 orange. Gmelin. This is the white-chinned thrnfh of 

 Latham; merula Jamaicenfis of BrifTon; and merle brun de 

 la Jama'i'que of Buffon. This kind lives in the woods in 

 Jamaica. Of this fpecies Gmelin mentions three, varieties; 

 namely, (;3) merula gula fufca (with the chin brown) that has 

 been difcovered in New Caledonia; (,) merula nigra (with 

 the body black), a native of Surinam; and merula Ameri- 

 cana of BrifT. and which, as its name implies, is an inhabitant 

 of America. 



AURARIA yi/nS/o, /i^i/To, ox prxjlalio, va Antiquity, a 

 tax or tribute to be paid in gold. The colleftor of it 

 was denominated ya/^f/i/or aurarius, or chryfopodeBes. 



AURAS, in Geography, a town of Silefia, in the princi- 

 pality of Breflaw, fituate near the Oder; twelve miles north- 

 weft of Breflaw. 



AURASIUS MoNS, in Ancient Geography. See AuDUS. 

 AURATA, in Entomol'jgy, a fpecies of Bupestris, of 

 a large fize, that is found in America. This kind is golden ; 

 wing-cafes ferrated ; thorax braffy. Fabricius, Olivier, &c. 

 Obf. The head is grooved; eyes teftaceous; teeth of the 

 antennae black ; thorax fmooth. 



Aurata, a fpecies of Chrysis that inhabits Europe. 

 It is glabrous and fliiiiing, with a green thorax, and golden 

 abdomen, with two teeth at the vent. Linn. Fabr. &c. 



Aurata, a fpecies of Mutilla that inhabits New 

 Holland. It is blueilh, with a large golden fpot on the ab- 

 domen. Fabricius. 



Aurata, a fpecies of Musca found in Europe. This 

 infeft is fhining ; thorax braffy ; abdomen obtufe and golden. 

 Fabricius, &c. 



Aurata, a fpecies of Phal^ena (Geometra), defcribcd 

 by Linnaeus as a native of Europe. The tvings are yellow, 

 and without Ipots. 



Aurata, a fpecies of Phal;ena (Geometra) that inha- 

 bits Surinam; and is figured by Cramer under the name of 

 phalxua aura. The wings are fulvous, with a dot and pof- 

 tcrior flreak golden. Fabricius, &c. 



Aurata, a fpecies of Ve spa, of a fmall fize, that i; found 

 in Sierra Lcona. The colour is black ; abdomen golden and 

 polifhed. Fabr. Sec. 



Aurata, in Ichthyology, a fpecies of Sparus, called 

 in England the lunated gilt-head, and diftinguifhed by 

 having a lunated golden mark between the eyes. Lin- 

 nxus Muf. Ad. Fr. It inhabits the Mediterranean &nd 

 American feas. 



(Cetonia Fabr.) that inhabits Europe. This infeft is golden, 

 with a fingle tooth on each fide of the firft fegment ; wing- 

 cafes fpotted with white. Fabricius. The colours in this 

 fpecies are variable. From the vent, it omits a fetid liquor 

 when handled. Degeer calls xt f<arabifus fmaragclus. 



AuRATUs, a fpecies of Carabvs, of the apterous kind ; 

 wing-cafes golden and furrowed ; antennae and legs rufous. 

 Fabricius. Found in woods in Europe. 



AuRATU£,a fpecies of Cerambyx that inhabits America. 

 It is green, bronzed, with a lateral depreffed tooth on the 

 thorax; antennx black, and pofterior thighs blue. Gmelin. 



AuRATUs, a fpecies of Curculio, of a green-gold co- 

 lour ; antennx and dilated tip of the beak black. A native 

 of Italy. Scopoli. 



AuRATUs, a fpecies of Elater that inhabits China. 

 The colour is green-gold ; legs black. Fabricius. 



AuRATUS, \\\ Ichthyology, a fpecies of SpARus, that in- 

 habits the Mediterranean and European feas, and is called 

 in England the lunated gilt-head. It is diftinguifhed by 

 having a femi-lunar golden fpot between the eyes. Linn. 

 Muf. Ad. Fr. This kind feeds chiefly on worms and fhell- 

 fifh, the latter of which it grinds with its teeth before it 

 fwallows them. The back is greenilh, fides rather pale and 

 gloffed with gold ; on the upper part of the gills is a black 

 fpot, and beneath that another of purple ; infide of the 

 mouth fine red ; dorfal fin extending nearly the whole length 

 of the back ; tail much forked. 



AuRATus, a fpecies of Cyprinus, well known in 

 England by the name of gold-fifh. Authors are by no 

 means agreedj on the precife charaftcrs by which thii fifh 

 ought to be diftinguifhed ; fome think the triturcated 

 tail is a ftriking charafter of the fpecies ; but this is ra- 

 ther accidental, for it is fometimes found with a bifurcated 

 tail ; and the telelcope carp cyprinus baphthalmus of Dr. 

 Shaw, has a trifurcated tail likewife ; the anal fin is fome- 

 times fingle, and fometimes double ; fo that the Linnjean 

 definition in the Faun. Suec. is equally liable to objedtion. 

 The fpecific charafter affigned by Bloch is taken exchifively 

 from the brilliant, or golden red colour, by which, as he ob- 

 ferves, this fifh is diftinguifhed from all the other fpecies of 

 the Carp or Cyprinus genus. 



This fifh is without difpute, the moft fuperb creature of 

 the finny tribes at this time known. It was originally con- 

 fined to a certain lake, on or near the mountain Tfienking, 

 at a fmall diftance from the village of Tchanghou in the 

 province of The-Kiang in China, from whence it was tranf- 

 ported to other parts of that empire, and Japan ; and after- 

 wards brought to Europe. The Chinefe have completely 

 domeflicated this fifh, and they are now generally kept in 

 ponds, bafons, or vefTels of porcelain, as ornaments in the 

 gardens of the rich ; and afford one of the few amufements 

 the ladies are allowed to enjoy in that country by their jea- 

 lous hufbando. One writer has obferved that the filh is no 

 larger than a pilchard ; but in this he is miftaken, for we 

 know inftances of its increafing to the fize of a herring. 

 The male is faid to be of a bright red colour, from the top 

 of the head to the middle of the body ; the reft of a bright 



gold 



