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occupied by a vifit to Gaul, vvliere he rebuilt the ancient 

 city of Genabum, called after his o-.va name " Aurelia- 

 nmn," now Orleans, and by an expedition againft the bar- 

 barians who had made an incurfion into Vindclicia. But 

 the objeft, which engaged his principal attention, was an 

 expedition againft Perfia ; in the profecution of which he 

 advanced as far as the ftraits which divide Euiope from 

 Afia. Here a confpiracy was formed againft his life by 

 one of his fccretaries, who was accufed of extortion. This 

 criminal, dreading the effefts of the emperor's difpleafure, 

 determined to involve fome of die principal oHlccrs of the 

 army in his danger, or at leaft in his fears. With this view 

 he artfully counterfeited his mafter's hand, and (hewed them 

 in a long and bloody lift their own names devoted to death. 

 Without fufpetting or examining the fraud, tliey rcfolved 

 to fccure their lives by the murder of the emperor. On 

 his march, between Byzantium and Heraclea, Aurelian was 

 fuddenly attacked by the confpirators, and, after a ftiort 

 refiftance, fell by the hand of Mucapor, a general whom 

 he had always loved and trufted. Accordingly he died, 

 A. D. 275, regretted by the army, detefted by the fenate, 

 but univcrfally acknowledged as a warlike and fortunate 

 prince, the ufeful, though fevere, reformer of a degenerate 

 ftate. 



As to his general difpofition and charafter, it has been 

 obferved by Diocleiian, one of the moft fagacious of the 

 Roman princes, that the talents of his prcdecefiTor Aure- 

 lian were better fuited to the command of an army, than to 

 the government of an empire. His temper was haughty and 

 vindictive. Trained from his youth in the excrcife of arms, 

 he transferred the difcipline of the camp into the civil ad- 

 miniftration of the laws ; and his love of juftice often be- 

 came a blind and furious pafEon. Ignorant or impatient of 

 the reftraints of civil inftitutions, he difdained to hold his 

 power by any other title than that of the fword, and go- 

 verned by right of conqueft an empire which he had faved 

 and fubdued. Aurehan has been reckoned by feveral 

 Chriftian authors among the pepfccutors of the church ; and 

 it is faid that he not only intended perfecution and framed 

 cruel edifts for this purpofe juft before his death, but did 

 aftually perfecute. His perfecution, however, reckoned by 

 Augulline the ninth, was ftiort ; as he died foon after the 

 publication of his edifts, and before they could reach the 

 more diftant provinces. Mofheim is of opinion that many 

 Chriftians did not fuffer at this time ; but confidering Au- 

 relian's cruel temper, and how much he was addifted to the 

 Gentile fuperftitions, he thinks that if he had lived, his 

 perfecution would have exceeded all the former perfecutions 

 in feverity. 



The hiftorians of this reign are Vopifcus, the Victors, 

 Pollio, Zofimus, and Eutropius. Crevier's Hift. Rom. 

 Emp. vol. ix. p. 149 — 186. Gibbon's Hift. vol.ii. p. 15 — 

 56. Lardncr's works, vol. viii. p. 172 — 176. Molheim's 

 Eccl. Hift. vol. i. p. 153. 



AURELIANA, in Botany. See Panax. 

 AURELIOPOLIS, in Jnci'iit Geography, an epifco- 

 pal city of Afia Minor, in Lydia. — Alfo, another epifcopal 

 city of Afia Minor, in Afia properly fo called. 

 AITREEIUS, Ambrosius. See Amurosius. 

 AuRELius, Marcus. See Antoninus. 

 Aurelius Victor, Sextis, in Biography, a Roman 

 hiftorian, flourifhed in the 4th century, probably from the 

 reign of Conftantius to that of Theodofius j was born of mean 

 and illiterate parents, perhaps in Africa, 'and iiotwithftand- 

 ing the obfcurity of his origin, was advanced by his talents 

 to diftinftion. In 361, he was appointed by Julian, prefccl 

 of the fecond Pannonia; afterwards prcfcd of Rome ; and 



I 



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'" 3^9, eonful with Valentinian. The abridgment of the 

 Roman hiftor)', intitled " Libellus de origine Gentis Ro. 

 manx," and by fome afcribed to Afconius Pedianus, though 

 it bears the names of Victor and Livius, propofes a hif- 

 tory of the whole period, from the uncertain time of Janu» 

 and Saturn to ' the 12th confulftiip of Conftantius, but 

 really clofes in the firft year of the city. This treatife was 

 pulililhed, together with the works of Dionyfius Halicar- 

 naffeniis, at Frankfort, in 1586; and witha coilcclion of an- 

 cient hiftorians, by Gothofrcd, in l8mo. at Lyons, in 1591. 

 The biographical treatife under the title " De Viris lUullri- 

 bus Urbis Romas," received by many as the work of Aure- 

 lius Viftor, commences with Proca king of the Albans, and 

 terminates with Pompcy ; it was publifticd in 4*0. with 

 notes, by Machancus, at Leipfic, in 1516, and with thofe 

 of Lycofthenes, in folio, at Bafil, in 1563. " The Hiftory 

 of the Caefars from Auguftus to Conftantius," the unquef- 

 tionable production of Viclor, was firft publifhtd by Sciiure- 

 rus at Straftjuig, in Svo. in 1505; at Venice, by Aldus, in 

 1516; by Scliottus, at Antwerp, in 1579, inSvo.; and at 

 Bafil, in folio, in 1546, with Suetonius and other Auguftan 

 ■writers. The firft general edition of all the writings of 

 Aurelius Victor was printed at Antwerp, in Svo. with the 

 commentary of Schottus, in 1579, by Plantin, and in 1582, 

 again by Gruter, at Hanau, in the 2d volume of the " Hif- 

 toriae Auguftve Scriptores," in folio,' in l6lO. Anclegant 

 edition, with heads, " cum notis variorum," was printed 

 in Svo. in 1 671; another by Pitifcus, at Utreclit, inSvo. 1696; 

 and a third by Artnezius, in 4to. at Amfterdam, in 1733- 

 Aurelius Vidtor is reckoned an induftrious and faitiilul 

 hiftorian ; but his ftyle is much lefs elegant than that of the 

 earlier writers of the Roman hiftory. Fabr. Bib. Lat. l.iii. 

 C.9. t. 2. p. 79. &c. See Augusta Hifloria. 



Aurelius, in Entomology, a fpecies of Pap 1 lid that 

 inhabits India. The wings are brown, black at the tip, 

 and fpotted with white ; two eye-fhaped fpots on the pof- 

 terior ones beneath. Fabricius, &c. 



Aurelius, in Geography, a mihtaiy townfhip of New 

 York, in Onondago county, on the Owafco lake, having 

 the Cayuaga refervation lands on the weft, and Marcellus to 

 the eaft, nine miles call of the ferry on the Cayuaga lake. By 

 the ftate cenfus of 1796, 123 of the inhabitants are eleflors. 

 AURELLA, in Entomology, a fpecies of Phal^enA 

 (Tinea), wings golden, pofterior one? black, with a ftripc 

 of Clvcr on the firft pair. A minute infecl that inhabits 

 Europe, and feeds on apple trees. 



AURENG-ZEBE,Aurinc-Zebe, or Aurung-Zebf, 

 denoting " Ornament of the throne," in Biography, the 

 great mogul, \va.s the third fon of Shah Jehan, and bom 

 in the year 1 618. His difpofition was ftrious and thought- 

 ful ; and in order to prevent jealoufy and fulpicion, he 

 affumed the aufterity of a religious mendicant. Dara, how- 

 ever, his elder brother, difcovercd his real charailer through 

 this difguife ; and as he had contrived to gain the ctleeni 

 and conlidencc of his father, Dara ufcd to fay of him, 

 " 1 fear none of all my brothers but this teller of beads." 

 Shall Jehan, who thought it moft prudent and fafe to re- 

 move all his fons from court, fent Aureng-Zebc to govern 

 the Deccan, where he made an unfuccefsful attempt againft 

 the king of Golconda. Towards the clofe of the year 

 1656, Dara, endeavouring to gain poftenion of the empire,, 

 confined his father Shall Jehan ; upon which Aurcng-Zebe 

 began to make preparations, and with the profefled defign 

 of fecuring the throne to his brother Morad, wiio was then 

 at Akmedabad, requefted that he would join him with 

 his forces at Eugene, the capital of the province of 

 Mnlva. In the beginning of the year 1658, he marched 



form 



