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firding fufflclent accommodation in Upper Egypt, to which 

 tlisy had been hitherto confined, or tiivying the fuccefs of 

 their fortunate invaders, commenced hoftihties againit them. 

 After a long, doubtful, and bloody conteft, the Aiirtse 

 were obliged to retire. They feparated into fcvcral bodies, 

 and migrated into Phoenicia, Syria, Greece, and other 

 regions, carrying their inventions and improvements along 

 with them. This memorable revolution happened not Ion "• 

 before the defcent of Jacob. Playfair's Chronology, p. 64! 

 See Dispersion of Mankind, and Shepherds. 



AURITINA, in Anc'tait Geography, a town of Africa, 

 in the Pentapolis. Ptolemy. 



AURLTUS, in Entomology, a fpccies of Cancer that 

 inhabits Iceland ; and is diilinguiftied by havinp- a fingle 

 fpine on both fides of the anterior part of the thorix- 

 back grooved, and foftilh. Fab. Gmel. &c. 



AuRiTLs, a fpecies of Cryptocephalus, found on the 

 oak, in Saxony. It is black, with a yellow fpot on 

 both fides of the thorax, and (hanks of the legs yellow. 

 Fabricius. — Olf. This is chryfomcla aur'ita of Linnjeus. 

 Syft. Nat. 



AuRiTus, in Natural H'ljlory, a fpecies of Echinus 

 that inhabits the Perfian feas. The colour is yellowirti- 

 grey, with the upper margin chtfnut ; bafe flat ; puniftured 

 and marked with radiated ftreaks ; anus oblong and fituated 

 near the mouth. It is fpccifically dcfcnbed by Ledie apud 

 Klein ech'inod. as having a waved margin, the lower one ro- 

 tundate, upper one nearly fquare, and twice divided, and 

 a gaping pore between every two avenues. — Geoorde ftomp- 

 hart. Phelf. Zee-eg, Sec. 



AuRiTus, in Ornithology, a fpecies of Turdus that in- 

 habits Cayenne, and is callcdfourmilier a oreillei blanches by 

 Buffon ; and white-eared thrufh by Latham. Above, it 

 is varied with rufous and olive ; beneath Vhite ; crown and 

 peftoral band reddilh-brown ; chin and throat black ; Itreak 

 behind the eye defcending on the neck, and confifling of 

 elongated, white, glofly feathers. Gmehn. &c. Length 

 four inches and three quarters. 



Auritus, a fpecies of Colymbus, with a black head, 

 and ears crelled with a tuft of ferruginous feathers. Linn. 

 Fn. Suec. 



" Tiie length of this fpecies is twelve inches. In Eng- 

 land, they inhabit the fens near Spalding, where they breed; 

 they are found in the northern parts of Europe, and in the 

 temperate parts of Siberia and Iceland. It is faid by Bou- 

 gainville to be met with in the Falkland Iflands, where it 

 is called the diver tvlth fpedacles. 



" The neft, like thofe of moll other birds in this genus, 

 is compofed of twigs, roots, and ftalks of aquatic-plants, 

 and is ufually found floating among the reeds and flags 

 nearly filled with water. The female lays four or five fmall 

 white eggs, which are hatched in the mtl while it remains 

 thus im-iierfed in water." Donov. Bnt. Birds, &c. C. au- 

 ritus, eared grebe. 



Gefiier calls this fpecies merguli genus alterum; and Buffon 

 h prtlt grebe huppe. Gmelin fpeaks of a variety of this fpe- 

 cies colymbus cornuius minor oi Brilfon ; and coljmius Jeu po- 

 dlccps minor of Will. Orn. Ray, and Albin. 



Auritus, a fpecies of Trochills, of a g^een-gold 

 Bolour above, and white beneath ; below the eyes a band 

 of black ; and in the male two tufts of feathers of a violet 

 colour on each fide of the head under the cars ; legs downy. 

 This is meUlfuga Cayenenfis of BrifiT. ; and I' olfi.au- muuche a 

 orellles of BufF. Latham defcribes it under the name of 

 violet-cared humming-bird, Tiierc is a variety of this bird 

 with a purple (Iripe below the eyes ; near the cars a black 

 fpot, and beneath it another of blue. This fpecies in- 



7 



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habits Cayenne, and is about four inches and a half in 

 length. 



AURIUM Abscissio, in Antiquity, cutting ofi" the car«, 

 was a punifhment infii6ted by the bax.;n law on thofe who 

 robbed churches; and afterwards on every thief ; and at 

 length on divers other criminals. 



AUROBZMUNSTER, m Geography, a town of Ger- 

 many, in the circle of Biivaria, 16 miles louth of Paffau. 



, AUROCAPILLA, in Ornliholo':y, a fpecies of Mota- 

 CILLA, found in St. Domingo, Jamaica, and other iflands in 

 the American feas. It is olive, beneath white ; crown golden; 

 eye-brows black ; bread fpot ted with black. Gmelin. This is 

 Jicedula Pmnfl'vanlca aurocapllla of B^iff. grlvelilte de S. Dot- 

 mlngue of Buff, and golden-crowned thrulh of the Arctic 

 Zoology. 



AUROGALLUS, Matthew, in Biography, a gram- 

 marian of the 1 6th centuiy, was a native of Bohemia; 

 and became profeflbr of languages in the univeriity of Wit- 

 temberg. Befidcs the affiltance he gave to Luther in 

 tranflating the Bible, he wrote in Latin a " Compendium 

 of Hebrew and Chaldacan Grammar," printed at Witttm- 

 berg, in 1525, and at Bafil, in 1539 ; and a treatife on the 

 geography of the Holy Land, intitled " De Hebraeis Ur- 

 bium, Regionum, Populoruin, &c. Nominibus," printed at 

 Wittemberg, in 1526, and at Bafil, in 1529. 8vo. He (^td 

 in 1543. Gen. Did. 



AUROIR, in Geography, a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of the Cher, 21 leagues north-wcil of Sarcoins. 



AURON, a river of France which runs into the Eurc, 

 near Bourges. 



AURONITENS, in Entomology, a fpscies of Carabus 

 of the apterous kind. The (hells are green and rough, with 

 raifed lines; ;bighs rufous. Inhabits Saxony. An inter- 

 mediate ipecies between caralus auratus, and nitens. 



AURONZA, in Geography, a town of Italy, belonging 

 to the ftate of Venice, in the Cadorin, feven miks north of 

 Pieve di Cadora. 



AURORA, in Agronomy, the morning twilight ; or that 

 faint light which begins to appear in a morning, when the 

 fun is within eighteen degrees of the horizon. 



Aurora, in Conchology, a very rare fpecies of Cyprjea, 

 difcovered on the coalt of Otahcite by captain Cook. It is 

 rather ovate ; margin whitifli ; back tine orange, and with- 

 out fpots. Among coUeftors of exotic flicUs, it is known 

 by the name of cyprta aurora, or morning-da'u.m cotvry. 



Aurora, in Entomology, a fpecies of PhaljEna, in Ab- 

 bot's Infecls of Georgia. The upper wings are yellow ; 

 bafe and margin fpeciiled with red. Smith. 



Aurora, the fpecific name under which Papilio Cas.- 

 DAMiNEs is dcfcnbed by Linn, in Fn. Suec. i. n. 8oi. 



Aurora, a fpecies of Papilio [Dan. Cand.) found in 

 Siberia. The wings are fulvous ; beneath, an ocellar dot 

 on the anterior wings, and a Clvery dot, with a contiguous 

 one iVill fmallcr in the middle of the pofterior pair. Fabricius, 

 Gmelin, &c. 



Aurora, afpeciesof Lampyris {Pyrochroa Fab.), given 

 by HeiblL as a native of Pomerania. It is black ; thorax 

 red and cancellated ; wing-cafes chefnut, with four elevated 

 lines, and the intermediate fpaces dotted in rows. 



Aurora, in Geography, an ifland belonging to the Archi- 

 pelago of the New Hebrides, in the South Pacific ocean, 

 difcovered by Bougainville, in 1768. It is about twenty 

 leagues long, and two broad, asdlies nearly uortli and fouth. 

 Its eallern (hore is deep, but it has a fmall bay on the norths 

 well coaft. It abounds with wood and freih water ; and 

 is inhabited. The vegetation of this ifland is luxuriant. - 

 The luiddlcofit lies ia S.Iat. 15° 8'. E. long. 168^ 17'.- 



AURORA, 



