A U T 



his firft piece, and another of his works was the " Anians 

 Ignorans." He alfo compofcd feme tragedies and lerioiis 

 pieces for the Ficiich theatre ; and wrote Lyric compofitions 

 for the opera. The plots of his pieces are fimple and mar- 

 tificia!; but the dialogue is cafy and natural ; and fome oi 

 his fcenes contain genuine comedy. N(;t\vithHandiiig all his 

 exertions, Autrtau died in extreme poverty, at the hofpital 

 of the Incurables in Paris, in 1745. His works were col- 

 lefled and publi.hcd, with a preface, by Peffdier, in four 

 volumes, t2mo. in 1749. Kouv. Did. Hillor. 



AUTRECOURT, \n Geography, a town of France, in 

 the department of the Meufe, and chief place of a canton 

 in the diftrift of Clermont ; four miles S. S. E. of Clermont, 

 and eleven fouth-weft of V.rdun. 



AUTREY, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Upper Saoiie, and chief place of a canton in the dillricl of 

 Cliamplitte ; one league nortli-\ve(l of Gray. 



AUTRICOURT, a town of France, in the department 

 of the Cote d'Or, and cliicf place of a cantoni n the dif- 

 tria of Chatillcn fur Seine, eight miles nortli of Cha- 

 tillon. 



AUTRICUM, in Jucient Geography, now Chdrira, a 

 town of Gaul, the capital of t!ie Carnutes, and called Civitns 

 Carnotmn, and Carnotena. It was feated on an eminence, 

 and feems to have deiivcd its firft name from the x\\>tr Autura. 

 It was celebrated in Gaul, as the principal refidence of the 

 Druids, who held their affemblies among the woods in its 

 vicinity. The name of Carnotum was probably derived 

 from the Celtic Kar or Ker, denoting a city, and exprcffing 

 its peculiar excellence. 



AUTRIGANES, a people of Hifpania Citerior, in Can- 

 tabria, who dwelt near the foot of the Pyrenees, towards 

 the fouth-weft. The only town they had on the coaft was 

 Fld'v'tohr'i'^a. 



AUT'RUCHE, in Ornithology. See Stp.uthio Came- 



LUS. 



AUTRY, in Geography, a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of the Ardennes, and chief place of a canton in 

 the dillrift of Grandprc ; three leagues well of Varennes. 



AUTUMN, the third feafon of the year ; being that in 

 which the harveft and the fruits of the fummerare gathered. 

 It begins on the day when the fun's meridian dillance from 

 the zenith, being on the dccreafe, is a mean between the 

 greateft and the lead ; which in thefe countries is fuppofed 

 to happen when the fun enters Libra, or about the twenty- 

 fecond day of September. Its end coincides with the be- 

 ginning of winter. 



Divers nations have computed the year by autumns ; the 



Englilh Saxons, by winters Tacitus tells us, the ancient 



Germans were acquainted with all the other feafons of the 

 year, but had no notion of autumn. 



Autumn has always been reputed an unhealthy feafon. 

 Tcrtullian calls it " tentator valetudinuni ;" and the fatirift 

 fpeaks of it in the fame light : 



" Auturanus Libitinx qusEfliis acerbae." 



Autumn is commonly reprefented by painters under the 

 figure of a female crowned with vine branches, and bunches 

 of grapes ; naked in that part which rcfpefts fummer, and 

 clothed in that which corrcfponds to winter. Its garment 

 is covered with flowers, like that of Bacchus. 



AUTUMNAL, fomething pecuhar to autumn. Thus, 



Autumnal Point, is one of the equinoftial points; being 

 that from which the fun begins to defcend towards the 

 fouth pole. 



Autumnal Equinox, is the time when the fun enters the 

 autumnal point. See E^iJiNor. 



A U T 



Autumnal FLixitrs. See Flower. 



Autumnal Plarils, in Gariletilng, all fuch as attaTn p«r. 

 feAion in autumn, either in their growth, or in their fluwer- 

 ing, &c. 



Autumnal Si'i-r/'jri, that period, wliich, in regard to the 

 numerous operations to be performed in it, is con-monly 

 confidered to be, from about the beginning or middle of 

 Auguil to the latter end of November ; and in which the 

 different works of lowing, planting, and propagation, &c, 

 are mod fuccefsfnlly accoinplifhed ; as, for inilance, the 

 putting in various forts of efculent plants to Hand the win- 

 ter for the cnfiiing fpring and fummer, fuch as cabbages, 

 cauliflowers, carrots, lettuces, fpinacli, onions, &c. in the 

 more early part ; and in the latter, beans, peas, coleworts, 

 and ear!y cabbage plants ; likewife cauliflowers, fome to re- 

 main under hand and bell glafles, others in frames, to ftand 

 till fpring ; alfo lettuces on warm borders, and in frames, to 

 fland the winter; and celery in fliallow trenches, for fpriiig 

 ufe ; and the making and fpawning of mufhroom-bcds, for 

 winter and fpring. Different forts of fibroiis-rnottd flower- 

 plants are alio increafcd at tliis feafon, by dividing or part- 

 ing their roots, particularly in the montiis of S ptcmber, 

 0(Aober, and November, when the flower-ftems decay ; the 

 flipped or divided parts moftly flowering the following year: 

 and from the middle of September to the middle or end of 

 November, is the time for tranfplanting from o^ie place to 

 another different kinds of hardy fibrous-rooted perennials, 

 as dire6\ed under their proper genera. Moft forts of 

 bulbous flower-roots, that were taken up in fummer, are 

 now planted in order to exhibit an early fpring and fum- 

 mer bloom, in the following year. The feeds of many 

 forts of flowers are likewife at this time to be fown^ 

 which do not grow fo freely when fown at other feafons, 

 as is fhown under their proper heads. In the latter part 

 of this "feafon it is neccifary to plant cuttings, and make 

 layers, for the propagation of various trees and flirub* 

 of the hardy kind. The feeds of many forts of hardy 

 trees and fhrubs may alfo be fown. Belides thefe, many- 

 other parts of garden culture are particularly necefTary 

 at this feafon. 



Autumnal Signs, are thofe through which the fan pafles 

 during the feaion of autumn. Libra, Scorpio, and Sagit- 

 tarius. 



AUTUMNALIS, in Ornithology, a fpecies of Psit. 

 tACUS, called by Brilf. plittacus americanus ; crick a tctc 

 bleue by Bulf. ; lefler green parrot by Edwards, Av. and au- 

 tumnal parrot by Latham. It is diflinguifhed by being of 

 a green colour, with the front and fpot on the quill fea- 

 thers fcarlet ; crown and primary quill feathers blue. 

 Gmelin. 



Of this kind there are two diftinft varieties; one with the 

 front and chin blue, and the other with the head varied with 

 red and white. The firll is var. ((S)pfittacus fronte gulaquc 

 csrulcis of Gmel. ; crick a tete bleue of Buff.; blue-faced 

 green parrot of Edwards ; and blue-headed creature of 

 Bancr. Gujan. The latter is called Cocho in Fernand. Hift. 

 Nov. Hifp. Inhabits Guiana. 



This fpecies is about the fize of a pigeon ; region of the 

 eyes blue ; primary wing-coverts blue, and red at the bafe ; 

 tail feathers green above, and tipped with ycllowifh, outer 

 one blue at the exterior edge : beneath yellowifli, reddifh at 

 the bafe, with a green fpot in the middle.^ 



Autumn ALis, a fpecies of Anas or duck, that inhabits 

 South America. It is greyifh ; wings, tail, and belly 

 black ; fpot on the wing tawny and white. Jacquin Beytr. 

 This is the red-billed whiltling duck of Edwards ; anas fiftu- 



lariB. 



