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two vaneties of this creature ; one, a native of Africa, is 

 ratlier larger than the preceding, and is defcribcd under 

 the name of curdylus hrafil'ifnfis ; L.aur. Amp. : the other has 

 a deep chcfnut coloured fti ipe on the Ihoulders. 



The colour of this fpecies in its natural Hate, Dr. Shaw 

 innagines to he an elegant pale blue, fafciated on the body 

 and tail with feveral tranfverfe and fomcwhat alternate 

 bands either o( black, or very deep blue. The kind figured 

 in the Gen. Zool. of that writer to illuilrate the fpecies, ap- 

 pears to be tlie fecond variety mentioned by Gmelin, having 

 a dark band on the fhoulders. Dr. Shaw obferves that the 

 head is rather obtufe ; the body moderately thick, and 

 covered as well as the limbs with very fmall fmooth fcales ; 

 and the tail on the contrary, which is of a moderate length, 

 is *;ry diilinftly and itrongly vcrticillated by rows of large 

 carinated fcales, the extremities of which projeft conii- 

 derably fo as to form fo many Ihining points. 



AZURENSrS, or AjuRENSis, in Ancient Geography, z.n 

 epifcopal fee of Africa, in Numidia. 



AZUREUS, in Entomology, a fpecies of Carabus, of 

 an azure colour, with red legs and antenna;. Inhabits 

 Leipfic. Fabricius. 



AzuRKus, a fpecies of Cimex, of a middle fize ; dull 

 green colour ; and yellowifh mouth and legs. This kind 

 inhabits Guinea. Ohf. The abdomen is yellowilh, with black 

 dots in the middle. 



AZURIN, in O'-mthology, a name afligned by BufFon 

 Hift. Oif. to the fpecies of Turduk, lince called fpecifi- 

 cally cfanwus by Gmelin, which fee. 



AZUROUX, a name given by BufFon to the emberlza 

 tierulea of Gm.elin. See Emberiza C.erulea. 



AZYGOS, in Anatomy, a vein ariling out of the cava, 

 otherwife called vena fme pari, becaufe fingle, whence its 

 name. See Veins, Dcfcnplhn of the. 



AZYMITES, in Ecclefmjlkal Hijlory, Chriftians who 

 communicate in bread not leavened or fermented. See 

 AzYMUs. This appellation is given by Cerularius to thofe 

 of the Latin church, upon his excommunicating them in the 

 eleventh ceptury. Du-Cange. The Armenians and Ma- 

 ronites alfo ufe azymus, or unleavened bread, in their 

 office ; on which account fome Greeks call them azy- 

 mites. 



AZYMUS, compofed of the privative a and ^uju»i, fer- 

 ment, fomcthing not fermented, or that is made without lea- 

 ven. 



The term azymus is much ufed in the difputes betwixt 

 thofe of the Greek and Romifli church ; the latter of whom 

 contend that the bread in the mafs ought to be azymus, uh- 

 leavened, in imitation of the pafchal bread of the Jews, and 

 of our Saviour, who inilituted the facrament on the day of 



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the palTover ; and the former ftrennoufly maintaining the 

 contrary, from tradition and the conllint ufage of the church. 

 This difpnte was not the occaCon of the rupture between 

 the Greek and Latin churches ; Photius having broken with 

 the popes 200 y^rs before ; though it is urged that before 

 the time of Photius, A. D. 866, azymus was ufed in the 

 Rorai(h church; and lliat it was more gcnirally ufed 

 through the Weft, for which the authority of Alcuiii, who 

 died in 794, is alleged. St. Thomas, in 4 Sent. dift. 2. 

 q. 1 r. art. 2. qusitiunc. 3. relates, that during the hrfl ages 

 of the church, none but unleavened bread was ufed in the 

 Gucliarift,' till fuch time as the Ebionites arofe, who held 

 that all the obfcrvances prefcribtd by Mofes were ftill in 

 force ; upon which both the callcrn and wefttrn churches 

 took to the ufe of leavened bread ; and, after the extinction 

 of that herefy, the weftern church returned to the azy- 

 mus i the eaitern pertinacioufly adhering to the former 

 ufage. 



This account is controverted by father Sirmond, in a dif- 

 ferlation on the fubjedl ; wiierein he Ihcws, that the Latins 

 had conflantly communicated in leavened bread, till the 

 tenth century, and cardinal Bona, Rerum Liturgic. c. 23. 

 p. 185. greatly dillrulls what St. Thomas alleges. — In the 

 council of Florence it was decreed, that the point lay at the 

 difcretion of the church ; and that either Itaventd or unlca- 

 vened bread might be ufed ; the weftern churcn has p'-efer- 

 red the latter. 



AZZALUM, in the Ancient Phyfiohgy, a fpecies of 

 iron, reputed the moft excellent of all, fuppofcd to have 

 been brought from India, whence it was called Intiicum, but 

 in reality, according to fome, brought from China. Plin. 

 Hill;. Nat. lib. xxxiv. c. 14. 



AZZO, PoRTius, in Biography, an eminent Italian law- 

 yer, who held the profed'orfliip of jurifprudence at Bologna, 

 from the year 1 190, till his death, which probably happened 

 not long after 1 2 20, andat this time the nnivtrlity was attend- 

 ed by 10,000 ftudents. Such was his alliduity as a lecturer, 

 that he faid he never was ill but in the vacations. He was the 

 author of a " Summary of the Code and the Inftitntes," 

 which has palled through feveral editions. Of this work, 

 Gravina fays, (De Orig. Jur. v. i. p.93.) that it is fo in- 

 genious and profound, that although written in a barbarous 

 age, we cannot, with all our prefent erudition, be fafcly 

 without it. One of his fcholars collected the " Introduc- 

 tioti to the Code" of this author, which hat been printed ; 

 and icvtral of his writings remain iu manufcript. Nouv. 

 Did. Hillor. 



AZZOGLIO, in Geography, a town of Italy, in the 

 principality of Maflerano ; fix miles N. N. E, of MaJe- 

 rano. 



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