BAG 



Rudbeck defcnbes tn'o kinds of bacchi, one made like tbe 

 battering-ram, wherewith Jupiter demoliflied the enemies' 

 fortifications ; the other contrived to cad fire out of, from 

 whence the Greeks arc conjeAurcd to have framed their idea 

 of chimera. 



BACCHIAS, and Amtibacchias, in Anc'ient Geogra- 

 phy, the name of two iflands in the Arabic gulf, according 

 to Pliny. They are called by Ptolemy and Stephanus, 

 Bacchi ar/d Ant'ibacchi infulx. 



BACCHIC, fomething relating to the ceremonies of 

 Bacchus. The celebrated intagho, called Michael Angelo's 

 ring, is a repreftntation of a bacchic featl. 



Bacchic Song, is fomctimcs ufed for a chanfcn a hotre, or 

 compolltion to infpire jollity. But, in a more proper fenfe, 

 it is reftraincd to a dithyrambic ode, or hymn. 



BACCHICA, in ^o/any, is fometims ufed for ^.-^cra, or 

 i-uy. 



BACCHTGLIONE, in Geography, a river of Italy, in 

 the ftatc of Venice, which, after watering Viccnza and Pa- 

 dua, difcharges itfelf into the gulf of Venice, near Chi- 

 ozza. 



BACCHINI, Benedict, in Biography, a learned monk, 

 was born at Borgo San Donino, in the duchy of Parma, in 

 the year 165 1. At the age of fixtecn he entered into the 

 order of St. Benedidl, in the monallery of Mount Cafiin, 

 and applied to his ftudies fo intenfely as to injure his health. 

 After having travelled with Arcioni, abbot of the Bene- 

 diftines at Ferrara, to whom, he was fccretary, he refigned 

 his office, and fettled at Parma. Here he publifhed a lite- 

 rary joumal, manifefting great learning and judgment ; but 

 it excited againft him many enemies, who prevailed with the 

 duke of Parma to banilh him from his territor)'. Bacchini 

 then retired to Modena, where he was patronifed by .the 

 duke of Modena, and appointed his hiftoriographer and li- 

 brarian. The materials which he collefted for mveftigating 

 the genealogy and hiftorv of the houfe of El^c, weretranl- 

 ferred to his fuccefTor Muratori, upon his removal to the 

 abbacy of the Benedidines of Ivlodena. In 1705, he 

 founded at Modena an academy of ecclefiadical literature. 

 His laft preferment was that of profelTor oi ccclcfiaftical 

 hiftorv in the univerfity of Bologna, where he died, at the 

 age of feventy, in the year 1721. Bacchini was one of the 

 moft celebrated fcholars of his age, dillinguifhed by his uni- 

 verfal learning, refined tafte,, theological fl<ill, and ecclefi- 

 aftical philology ; to all which he added in early life elo- 

 quence as a preacher ; and in more mature years critical acu- 

 men, and eminent fkill in decyphcring manufcripts. Be- 

 fides his literar)' journal, commmenced at Parma in 16S6, 

 and continued to 1690, refuraed at Modena from 1692 to 

 1697, and extant in nine volumes 410. ; he wrote in Italian 

 " the Hilloiy of the Benedidine Monaftery of Polironi ;" 

 and in Latin, " De Siftronim Figuris ac Differentia," 410. 

 Bononiae, 1691, and reprinted at Utrecht, 4to. 1696, with 

 notes byToUius; " De Ecclefiallicx Hierarchias Origini- 

 bus," 4to. Modena, 1703; and fome other fmall pieces. 

 Nouv. Dia. Hiftor. Gen. Biog. 



BACCHIS, in Ancient Geography, a town of Egypt, 

 near the lake Moeris. Ptolemy. 



BACCHIUM, an ifland of the ^Egean fea, oppofite to 

 Phocjea, at the entrance of the gulf of Smyrna. The tem- 

 ples and ftatues, with which it was richly adorned, were 

 ranfacked by the Romans. 



BACCHIUS, in the Latin Pcrtry, a kind of foot, con- 

 filling of three fyllables; whereof the firft is (liort, and the 

 two latter long ; as ege/iSs. 



The bacchius is the reverfe of a dadyl, and takes its 

 name from that of Bacchus, becaufc frecjucntly ufed in tlje 



BAG 



hymns compofcd in his honour. It was alfo called among 

 the ancients, anotriui, Iripodius, Jahani ; and by the Greeks, 



BACCHIUS SENIOR, in Biography, one of the feve. 

 Greek writers in mufic, coUeded and pubhftied v.ith a Latin 

 tranflation and notes, by Mcibomius, in 1652, is fuppofed 

 to have flourifhed about the time of ftolemy, that is, in the 

 ftcord century. His " Introduction to the An of Mufic," 

 is in dialogue; in the courfe of which all the terms ufed in 

 the ancient Greek mufic are defined, and explained in Greek 

 charafters of notation. 



Bacchius is the only one of thefe fcvcn ancient mufical 

 writers, who, like Ptolem.y, allows of no mure than ftven 

 modes. See Modes. On the fubject of rhythm, hequotes 

 Ariftoxenus, Nicomachus, Ltophantus, and Didymus ; fo 

 that it is certain he wrote fubfcqucnt to all thofe au- 

 thors. 



BACCHUS, in Entomology, a large fpecics of Scara- 

 B.iEus, that inhabits the cape of Good Hope. The fhitid 

 of the head is four-toothed ; thorax gibbous, and with the 

 wing-cafes glabrous. Fabricius. 



Bacchus, a fpccies of Curculio that inhabits Europe. 

 It is copper)-, with the fnout and ends if the feet black. 

 Fabricius, Sec. 



Bacchus, a fpccies of Monoculus, with an orbicular 

 fliell: antennae extended horizontally ; tail denticulated OQ 

 each fide. Miiller entomollr. Inhabits rivers. 



Bacchus, in Mythology, a name fynonymous among 

 the Phoenicians with " mourning," and fuppofed to be de- 

 rived from the Phxnician term hahah, Jo weep, and given to 

 feveral deities, or rather to the fame god, acknowledged 

 under various diftinft epithets and characters in the diflcrcnt 

 countries where he was worlhipped. In Egypt, he was called 

 Ofiris; in Arabia, Adoneus ; in MyCa, Phanaces; in India, 

 Dionyf.us, or Dionufus ; by the Lucanians, Pentkeus ; through- 

 out the Roman dominions, IJler . &c. &c. The reafon» 

 afligned for thefe different app,.llations, by which the fame 

 god was dillinguifhed, are Hated by Banitr in the fecitind 

 volume of his " Mythology." It is natural to fuppofe that 

 the Greeks and Romans, in their ufual manner, bellowed 

 upon the one Bacchus whom they worlhipped, the feveral 

 actions and attributes of the many divinities kiiown by that 

 name, and by other equivalent denominations in different 

 countries. Cicero (de Nat. D.'or. iii. 23.) mentions five di- 

 vinities known by the name of Bacchus, aiid thus adds two 

 to the three of Diodon;s Siculus and Philoflratus Anti- 

 quity, however, has chiefly dillinguillied two gods, under 

 the title of Bacchus ; that of Egypt, the fon of Ammon, 

 and the fame with Ofiris ; and that of the Greeks, or of 

 Thebes in Boeotia, the fjn of Jupiter and Semele. The 

 Bacchus of Egypt was the Dionyfus of the Arabians, fo 

 called from the city of Nyfa in Arabia Felix, where he was 

 brought up, and worlhipped by them in confcqucnce ef the 

 glory he had acquired by leading his army into India. (See 

 Dionysus.) According to fir Ilaac Kewton (Chron. apud 

 Op. vol. V. p. 77 — So.), this great Bacchus, whom the Ara- 

 bians fo denoiiiinated from a word which in their language 

 fignified " great," was the fame with Scfac or Sclollns, 

 who became king of Egypt in the reign of Solomon. ( i Kings 

 si. 40.) See Sesac, and Sksostris. 



All agree (fays this author) that Bacchus was the fame 

 king of Egvpt with Ofiris (lee Osiris); and he fuppofcs 

 that the Calus, or Uranus, or Jupiter Uranius of the Ara- 

 bians, the other god befides Dionyfus whom they worfhipped, 

 was the fame king of Egypt with Ammon, the father of 

 Bacchus, according to the poet : 



3 1 2 " Quamvis 



