B A I 



B A I 



tVK'm ; \v>io ar; generally mean perfons employed by the 

 fheriffs on account only o[" their adroitnefs aiitl dexterity in 

 hunting and feillng their prey. A baililT of a liberty is an 

 officer which the court takes notice of; but a fheriff's 

 bailiff is not an officer of the court, but only the (herifF 

 hiuifelf. Parch. 2^ Car. i. B. R. Tiie arreft of the iberiff's 

 b^iiiiiir is the arreft of the (heriff himfelf, and if any rcfcous 

 be made of any perfnn arrelled, it fr.all be adjudged done 

 to the IlierifF : alfo, if the bailiff permit a prifoner to efcape, 

 a'^ion may be brought aga:nil the Iheriff. Co. Lit. 6i. 168. 

 JsheriiTs are anfwerable for the mifdemeanor of their bailiffs, 

 and arc to have remedy againll thcni. 2 lull. 19. The lat- 

 ter are therefore ufually bound in an obligation with fureties 

 for the execution of their oflice, and thence are called bound- 

 b.i'li/fi, which the common people have corrupted into a 

 much more homely appellation. 



There are thirty-fix ferjeants at mace in London, who 

 may be termed baihfis, and each of them gives fecurity to 

 the (lieriffs. By Hat. 14 EJ. IIL c.9. flieriffs fiiall ap- 

 point fuch bailiffs for whom thev will anfwer ; and by ftat. 

 I Hen. V. c. 4. no flieriif's bailiff fhall be attorney in the 

 king's court. R. M. 1654. 



Bailiffs of Lords sf Manort, are tliofe that collcft their 

 rents, and levy their fines and amercements; but fuch a bai- 

 liff cannot diltrain for an amercement without a fpecial war- 

 rant from the lord or his ftevvard. Cro. Eliz. 698. He 

 cannot give licence to commit a trefpais, as to cut down 

 trees, &c., though he may licenfe one to go overland, being 

 a trefpafs to the poffefilon only, the proiits of v/hicli are at 

 his difpofal. Cro. Jac, 337. 377. A bailiff may, by himfelf, 

 or by command of another, take cattle damage-feafant upon 

 the land, i Dany. Abr. 685. Yet amends cannot be ten- 

 dered to the bailiff, for he may not accept of amends, nor 

 deliver the diftrcfs when once taken, y Rep. 76. Thefe 

 bailiffs may do any thing for the benefit of their mailers ; 

 and it (hall ftand good till the mailer difagrees: but they 

 can do nothing to the prejudice of their mailers. Lit. Rep. 

 70. 



Bailiffs of Courls-Baron, fummon thefe courts, and ex- 

 ecute the procefs thereof; they prefent all pound-breaches, 

 cattle llrayed, &c. 



Bailiffs o{ Hn/I'undry, are fuch as belong to private per- 

 fons of good eltatcs, and have the difpofal of the inferior 

 fervants, with regard to their labour ; they alfo fell trees, 

 repair houfes, hedges, 5cc. ; and colletl the proiits of the 

 land for their lord and mailer, and they render account to 

 him yearly, &c. Befides thefe, there are alfo bailiffs of the 

 forefl, for which fee Man wood, pt. I. p. 1 13. 



We alfo meet with divers other fpecies and denominations 

 of bailiffs in thefe and the neighbouring countries; a.s firo- 

 wnc'wl, royal, itineranl, and heritable, bailiff's; bailiffs of France, 

 of the empire, of boroughs, &c. 



Bailiff, Provincial, bailivus provincialis, among the 

 French, was an officer appointed to adminitler juftice in a 

 tertain province or county, with an authority fomewhat 

 like that of our juftice of afnze, inilituted by the dukes 

 and counts in their feveral territories, after they had pro- 

 cured the inheritance of them. Thefe atled in the name, 

 and by authority, not of the king, as juiliciaries, but of 

 the dukes or counts who appoiHted them, and whofe depu- 

 ties they were. Spelman takes them to be the fame with 

 ■what, among our Saxon anceftors, were denominated alder- 

 men 0/ counties, and gra-jes or reves, which aftei-waids became 

 vicecomiles, and fheriffs. 



Appeals lav from thefe to the bailiffs of France, bailivi 

 Fraricid, who were thole appointed over the provinces ori- 

 gi.ially belonging to the crown. 



Bailiffs, Royal, iailivi rejjii, were thofe over provinces 

 afterwards annexed to the crown. Something like thcic 

 ftill fubfiils in Scotland, under the title of high or heritable 

 bailiffs ; as thofe of Cunningham, Carrick, and Kyle ; the 

 firll in the families of the earls of Eglington, the fecond of 

 the earl of Caffils, the third of the earl of Loudon. 



Bailiffs of Boroughs, bailivi burgorum, were niaoiftratcs 

 anciently in cities and towns, anfwering, in foine meafure, 

 to what of later times was called portgrave, vnyor, &c. 



Canterbury was a bailiff town live hundred years before it 

 was made a mayor town. Weflmintler, Southwark, Scar- 

 borough, &c. are ftill governed by bailiffs. 



Bailiffs differ in this from mayors, that the latter are al- 

 ways fingle in one place, whereas there were ufually tvvo 

 bailiffs to a city, as formerly at London, and fometimcs 

 four, as at Norwich. 



Bailiff of the Empire, was anciently the vicar or regent 

 of the empire; as appears from a letter of Henry of !• lan- 

 ders to pope Innocent III. wherein he fays, the princes, 

 barons, and knights, have elected me bailijf of the empire ; 

 bciilivus imperii. 



Bailiff, Water, is an officer anciently eftablilTied in oil 

 port-towns for the fcarching of fliips, as appears from 2^ 

 Hen. VI. cap. 5. 



There is fuch an officer ftill on foot in the city of Lon- 

 don, who fupeivifes and fearches all h(h brought thither; 



and ojathers the toll arifinf: from the river of Thames Ke 



attends alfo on the lord mayor in his expeditions by water, 

 and hath the principal care of marflialling the guefls at the 

 table. He alfo aricfts men for debt, or other perfonal or 

 criminal matters, on the river of Thames, by warrant of his 

 fuperiors. 



BAILTI, David, in Biography, a painter of perfpeftive 

 views, and portraits, was born at Leyden in 1584, learned to 

 draw and defign under his father, and profetuted his ftndies 

 under Adrian Verburg, and Cornelius Vandervoort, with the 

 latter of whom he fpent fix years. BaiUi copied many capi- 

 tal paintings of fome great mafters, in the poffeffioiTof Van- 

 dcrvoort, with critical care and obfervation ; and particularly 

 a perfpedlive view of the infide of a church, originally 

 painted by Stenwyck, which was fo accurately finiflied, that 

 Stenwyck himfelf could fcarce diftinguith the original from 

 the copy. He travelled for improvement through feveral 

 parts of Italy, and for fome time refided at Rome ; and the 

 correftnefs of his drawing, and the delicate handling and 

 finifhing of his piftures, procured for him every where em- 

 ployment, admirers, and triends. In the latter part of his 

 life he difcontinued painting, and only drew portraits on 

 vellum vsith a pen, which he heightened with black-lead, 

 fo as to give them wonderful force and roundnefs. He 

 died in 1638. Pilkington. 



BAILIWICK, Bailywick, orBAVLiwiCK, the ter- 

 ritory of a bailiff, or the place within which his jurifdiftion 

 is terminated. This is not only taken for the county, as it 

 is frequently called in the writs, but fignifics generally thai 

 liberty which is exempted from the Iheriff of the county, 

 over which the lord of the liberty appointeth a baibfT, with 

 fuch powers within h's precinft, as an under-fheriff exer- 

 cifeth under the flieriff of the county ; fuch as the bailiff 

 of Wellminfter, &c. Stat. 27 EHz. c. 12. Wood's lull. 

 206. 



BAILLEAU L'EvEQUE, in Geography, a town of 

 France, in the department of the Eure and Loire, and 

 chief place of a canton in the diitrift of Chartres, i\ league 

 north-wtft of Chartres. 



BAILLE'E, a town of France, in the department of 

 the Mayenne, and chief place of a canton in the diilridt 



of 



