B A I 



fpirit whicVi was tlien prevalriii-, and wKkli protrpc'^ed the 

 rcliiiio'is fcrvices to an aftoiii'liii-.g length. Accordingly, 

 Mr. Bailiie, in one of his letters, wvittLii whilll: he was at- 

 t'uding the Wellminlter alTembly, ff-oaks of a devotional 

 iVrvice that I:illed nine hoiirs. Ncvet t4ielcis, he vaa a man 

 of coifiderahk learning and ability ; he is faid to have uiider- 

 ftood twelve or thirteen lanirmsres; and Mr. Wodro-.v, his 

 biocfrapher, commends his Latin llyle a:; not unf;:itable even 

 to the Auiruftan aire. Of li's dilij^tr.ce and learning, he left 

 fufficient evi<lence in his hiilorical work, intitled, " Opus 

 Hiftoricum et Chronologicnm." His other writing'!, which 

 were chieliy on controverfial and temporary fiibji cts, and 

 which indicated a degree of violence that is faid to have 

 flowed rather from the inllisration of other perfons than 

 from his own ineliiationp, are (if inferior value. His " Let- 

 ters and Journals," piiblirtied at Edinburgh by Robert 

 Aiken, in 1775, in two volumes Svo., contain an account ol 

 public tranfae'tioiis, bjth in Scotland and England, from 

 1(137 to 1662, and may call iom;; light on the civil and 

 tcclefiaftical hiilory of that period. Biog. Brit. 

 ■ BAILLOXE', in Heralilry, is a lion rampant, holding 

 8 batton in his mouth. 



BAILLOII, GuiLtAuMS De (Bji/omus), M. D. a 

 phyficiiin of confiderable eminence in the lixteerith century, 

 was born at I'aris in the year 1538. After making greot 

 prorrtfs in the Greek and I^atin languages, and in philofc- 

 phy, he applied to the lludy of medicine. In 1 570, he was 

 created doctor; and in the year 1580, dean of the fscnlty 

 of medicine at Pans. In his time the difpute between the 

 furgeons and phyficians at Paris, as to their precedent, 

 began, in which Ballonius took an active part. It was de- 

 cided in favour of the phvficians, and the privileges ufurped 

 by the furgeons annulled. Ballonius was a voluminous 

 writer; but as his v.-orks are now little noticed, we Ihall 

 refer our readers, for titles of the particular treatiles, and 

 for an account of their contents, to Plaller's Bib. Med. Pract. 



BAILLY, Jean-Svlvain, a celebrated allronomer and 

 writer of France, was born at Paris, on the fifteenth of Sep- 

 tember 1736, of a family which had produced diltinguiflitd 

 painters for four fucctflive generations. He was bred to the 

 lame profeffion, but maniftlled an early taile f.r poetry and 

 the belles lettres. By an accidental acquaintance with La 

 Caille, his attention was direfted to the fciences, which he 

 •cultivated witli afiidnitv and fucctfs. He calculated the 

 orbit of the comet of 1759; and in 1763 he puhllflied an 

 ufcful and elaborate compilation, being the reduction of the 

 obfervatioiis made bv La Caille in 1760 and 1761, on the 

 zodiacal Itars. About this time the theory of Jupiter's 

 fatellites became a ])articulEr ohioft of his niquiries, and in 

 the competition for this prize qnetlion of 1764, he had a 

 formidable rival in La Grange, afterwards known as one of 

 the lirll mathematicians in Europe. The rei'nlts of his in- 

 veftigations were collefted into a treatife, publilhcd in 1766, 

 which alfo contained the firll part of his " H'.liory of Aftro- 

 nomy." In 177T, he gave a verv curious and importar.t 

 memoir on the light of the fatellites, ar,d introduced a de- 

 gree of accuracy till that time unknown in the cbfervations 

 of their eclipfes; and in the Journal Encyclopedique for 

 May and July 1773, he addredcd a letter to M. Bernouilli 

 on fome difcoveries relating -to Jup ter's moons, which he 

 had contefted. However, the Ihidies of M. Bailly were not 

 confined to the abllraft fciencet.; but he was no Icfs lucccfs- 

 ful in his cultivation of polite literature. His eloge of Leib- 

 nitz, publilhed in 1768, gained the prize ot the academ.y of 

 Berlin; this, and alio the eloges of Charles V., ol Conicille, 

 of La Caille, of Ci^ok, of Moliere, and of Grefltt, printed in 

 1770, were much admired. In 1775, appeared the hrll 

 "•oluflie of the '* Hillory of Ailroaomy," which indeed 



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ftrcws the patVi of fcience with flowers, and in every refpeel 

 is a moil valuable work; aboundi.ig with animated defcnp- 

 tion, luminous narrative, and interelting deta'l. His peculiar 

 ideas concerning the early Hate of Upper Afia, oecalioned 

 an ingenious correfpon Ictice and difcufiion with the veteran 

 philoioplu-r Voltaire, the I'ubilancc of wtiich foon appeared in 

 two volumes. intitl»d, " Letters on the Origin of Sciences," 

 and " Letters on the Atlantide of Plato." If imagination 

 fhine forth in tliefe cilays, erudition was no leis conipicuous 

 in a great work computed in the years 17S1 and i7i'Z, on 

 the fables and r.ligious creeds of antiquity; which Hill 

 exills in manufcript, and the publication of which would ex- 

 tend the fame of its author, and gratify the learned world. 

 His opinions on fome points happtning to coincide with the 

 theories of Button, he contracted v>-ith that celebrated na- 

 turalift an intimate friendlliip, which wasdiii'olved by Bailly's 

 u:;courtly oppofition to the tieclion of the abbii Maury into 

 the academie Lrantjaife. The other volumes of the " Hif- 

 tory of Allronomy" fuccclTively appeared, and that capital 

 work was completed in 17S7, by the " Hillory of the In- 

 dian and Oriental iVllroiiomy," a production of fingular 

 ac'iter.efs, refearch, and nice calculation. H'S " Difcourf.-s 

 a id Memoirs," which include the elogcs befoe mentioned, 

 were publilhed in two volumes, in 1790; and his memoirs 

 commuii:catcd to the French academy, as they appear in 

 Roz:er's index, arc as follow: " Memoir upon the theory 

 of the comet of 1750;" " Memoir upon the epochs of the 

 moon's motions, at tlie end of the lail cciilury;" " Firll, 

 S -cond, and Third Memoirs on tb.e theory of Jupiter's 

 fatellites, 1763;" " Memoir on the comet of i 762 ;" vol. for 

 1763; " Allronomical obfervations made at Nolloii, 1764;" 

 " On the fun's eclipfe of the lir<.l of April 1764;" " 0:> 

 the longitude of Polling, 1764;" '■ Oblcrvations made at 

 the Louvre from 1760 to I7'i4, 1765;" " On the caufe of 

 the variation of the inclination of the orbit of Jupiter's 

 fecond fattllite, 1765;"' "On the motion of the Nodes, and 

 on the variation of the inchnation of Jupiter's fatellites, 

 I 766;" "On the theory of Jupiter'sfatellites-publillied by M. 

 Bailly, with tables of their motions, aivd of thoie of Jupiter, 

 publilhed by M. Jeaurat, 1766;" " Obf.;rvations on the 

 opp'^fition of the fun and Jupiter, 176M;" "On the equa- 

 tion of Jupiter's centre, and on fome other elements of the 

 theory of that planet, 1768;" " On the traiilit of Venus 

 over the fun, on the third of June I "69; and on the fcjlar 

 eclipfe, tlie lo'.irth of June, the lame year 1761;." 



S.:eh was the reputation ot Bailly, that he was received 

 as an adjuntl in the French academy, on the 29th of 

 January 1763, and atlociatc on the 14th ot July 1770. In 

 1771, he was a candidate, under the patronage of Buffon, 

 for the office of fecretary ; but the interell of Condorcet, 

 and the inliuence of D'Alembert, prevailed in favour e'f 

 Condorcet. Of the academie Ftan^aile, he was choftn fe- 

 cretary in 1754; and he was admitted, in the following year, 

 into the Academy of Infcriptions and Belles Lettrts; the 

 only inllance, fmcc FontencUe, of the fame perfon being at 

 once a member of all the three academies. In 1784, he was 

 nominated one of thecommifTion to examine and report con- 

 cerning the animal magnetifiu of Mefmer, as prattifed by 

 Deflon. His report was not only decifive with regard to its 

 object, but furniflics a rule for the inveiligatlon of iimilar 

 dtlufions. It likewife throws light upon the phylieal tllecls 

 produced bv moral caules ; and thefe are peculiarly intercii- 

 iiij>, as caules of this nature have a political iafluence 

 on the general opinions of fociety, and the dellinv of nations. 



M. Bailiv, With an ardent, and, as it is generallv believed, 

 an honcil mind, engaged in the fupport ot that revolution ol" 

 France, which at the time coiivulfed Europe, and, which, 

 with regard to its confequsnces, has not yet iublidcd. His 



rife. 



