B A I 



rife, as a principal agent in the tranfaflions of this event, 

 was very rapid. On the 26th of April fjikj, lie 

 was nominated fccretary by the elcflors of Paris; he was 

 afterwards appointed deputy to the ftatcs general; then 

 chofeii prefident of the " Tiers Etat:" and when this 

 cha:;-ibcr was conftituted the national affembly, he continued 

 in the chair. During the ftruggic between the popular 

 part of the fubfifting aff.'inblies and the court, Bailly was 

 the moft forward to aflcrt the popular rights, which at that 

 time were new in France ; and his temerity would probably 

 have been fatal to himfelf, if he had not been fupported by 

 Mirabeau. Bailly dictated the oath to the members of 

 the tiers etat, " to refill tyrants and tyranny, and never to 

 feparate, until they had obtained a free conllilution." After 

 the capture of the Ballille, on the 14th of July 1789, 

 he was appointed by public acclamation mayor of the 

 city; and in all his feveral funftions he is faid to have 

 afteJ with integrity, courage, and moderation. But in the 

 midft of revolutions the courfe which he purfued,was adapted 

 to pleafe neither of the contending parties ; and though 

 he acquired great popularity in the various Heps by whicli 

 the caufe of the people gained predominance over that of 

 the court, a circumftance occurred, which gave a turn to 

 the popular opinion, and which rendered him an objeft 

 of inveterate enmity. On the 17th of July 1790, the 

 populace having collefted tumultuoufly to demand the abo- 

 lition of monarchy, Bailly received orders from the national 

 alTembly to difperfe the mob. Defirous that the exiting 

 laws and regulations fhould be refpefted, he arrefled certain 

 deputies who came from fome military infurgents at Nancy; 

 he oppofed the rafh proceedings of Marat and Hubert; he 

 was member of a club lefs promifcuous in its admiffion of 

 members than that of the jacobins; and he exerted himfelf 

 in endeavouring to perfuade tlie populace to permit the 

 royal family to depart to St. Cloud. Finally, on an occa- 

 fion when the multitude affaulted the foldiery in the Champ 

 de Mars, Bailly ordered the latter to fire, by which about 

 forty perfons were killed, and more than one hundred 

 wounded. By thefe concurring circumllanccs his popu- 

 larity declined, and at the din'ulution of the conftituent 

 affembly, inthcclofe of the year 1791, he refigned his office, 

 and was fuccceded by Petion. His health was impaired, 

 and he retired from the fcene of tumult, travelled through 

 different provinces of France in the years i 792 and i 793 ; 

 and purfucd his literary and fcientific refearehes. During 

 this period, he wrote memoirs of the events which he had 

 witneffed, and in which he had been a principal actor. In- 

 ftead of withdrawing from France, which fome of his 

 friends advifed him to do, he chofe rather to fubmit to the 

 injullice and ingratitude of his country. At the nod of a 

 ■vulgar tyrant, he was arreiled, fummaiily condemned by a 

 fanguinary tribunal, and, on the 15th of November 1793, 

 was delivered over to appeafe the vengeance of an incenled 

 and indifcriminating populace. His fufferings were ftudi- 

 ouHy protraSed; circumllances of peculiar ignominy at- 

 tended his execution; and he was executed near the fpot 

 where he ga,-e orders for the military to fire on the people. 

 He wore "the red (hirt, or badge of confpiracy, and was 

 placed in a cart, with his hands tied behind him. In his 

 progrefs to the place of execution, he was infulted and 

 abul'ed; and when he arrived at the fatal fpot, during the 

 removal of the guillotine, he was forced to dcicend from 

 tlie cart, and to walk round the field, in order to gratify 

 more completely the rancour of the mob. But all thele trials 

 were endured bv him with firmnefs and magnanimity. A 

 by-lbnder, at the time of his afceiiding the platform, in- 

 fiiltingly exclamied, " Bailly, you Uemblc;" to which he 

 Vol. HI. 



B A I 



inftantly replied, " Yes, but not with fear:" he (hoot in- 

 deed on account of the inclemency of the weather. The 

 chaiafler of Bailly, thus prematurely cut off in the fifty- 

 feventh year of his age, may be ellimated by his works. In • 

 his perlon he was tall ; his deportment was fedate and grave; 

 and he blended firmnefs with fenfibility. During his ma- 

 gillracy, he fpcnt part of his fortune in relieving the wantf 

 of the poor; and he retired from onice, impoverinied rather 

 than enriched: and in the various tranfactions of his life, 

 he eftablidied the charafter of integrity and difintereftednefs. 

 His wife, who was the widow of his intimate friend Ray- 

 mond Gaye, and whom he married in 1787, furvived hitn. 

 He had eight nephews, whom he educated with all the 

 attention and tendcinefs of a father. With regard to the 

 motives which afluated his public conduft, there feems to 

 be no difference of opinion, whatever difcordant fentimenti 

 may be entertained concerning the caufe to which hii 

 talents and life were devoted. Lalande's Eloge de Bailly. 



Bailly, or Bailmf, ^/c /« liivitre, phyfician to king 

 Henry IV., was born at Falaife in Normandy, about the mid. 

 die of the fixtcenth century-. He was a ftrenuous advocate 

 for the doilrines of Paracelfus; and in 1578 he publilhed lii» 

 " Demollerion, feu Aphorifmi ccc. continentes fummam 

 doftrina; Paracelficx," 8vo. Parifiis. It contains a defence 

 of his praftice, which being ftrongly oppofed by the cotem- 

 porary phyficians, in the following year he gave his " Re- 

 fponfio ad queftiones propofitas a Medicis Parifienfibus," alfo 

 in 8vo. In 1580, he publifhed " De pefte traftatus," 8vo. 

 V^oces viri, Haller fays, vix fenfum admittunt. We (hall 

 omit the titles of his various other writings, which may 

 be found recited in Haller's Bib. Med. Pracl. vol. ii. 

 p. 218. 



Monf. Carrcre fays of this phyfician, that perceiving lie 

 was about to die, he called his fervants to him fingly, and 

 gave to each of tl>em a portion, firtl of his money, then of 

 his plate and furniture, bidding them, as foon as they had 

 taken what he had given, to leave the houfe, and fee hira 

 no more. When the phyficians came to vifit him, they told 

 him they had found his door open, and the fenants and 

 the furniture removed and gone, nothing in fa£i remaining 

 but the bed 0*1 v/hich he lay. Then the dodor, taking 

 leave of his phyficians, faid, fince his baggage was packed 

 up and gone, it was time that he fhould go alfo. He died 

 the fame day, November the 5th, 1605. Eloy Dift. 

 Hift. 



BA I LMENT, from Fr. ba'tlLr, to Heliver, in Laiv, is a de- 

 liver)- of good.- in trull, upon a contraft exprefied or implied 

 that the trull fliall be faithfully executed on the part of the 

 baUte, a pevfon to whom they are delivered; and the goods 

 rt-delivcred as foon as the time or ufe for which they were 

 bailed (liall have elapfed or be performed. There are fix 

 forts of bailments, which devolve a care and obligation on 

 the party to whom goods are bailed ; and wiiie^ confe- 

 quently fubjcift him to an atlion, if he mifbehave with re- 

 gard to the trull rcpoled in him. 



I. A bare and naked bailment, to keep for the ufe of the 

 bailer, which is called de(>-ifliim; and fuch bailee is not 

 chargeable for a common neglctt, but it muft be a grofs one 

 to make him liable. 2. A deliveiy of goods which are 

 ufeful to keep, and they arc to be returned again in fpecic, 

 which is called accowmctlatum, or a lending gratis ; and in fuch 

 cafe the borrower is ilridly bound to keep them; for if he be 

 guilty of the leall negled, he fliall be anfwerable, but he 

 ihall not be charged where there is no default in him- 3. 

 A delivery of goods for hire, called locatli or conduS'io; and 

 the hirer is to take all imaginable care, and rellore them at 

 the time; and if he ufe fuch care, he fliall uot be bound. 

 3 P 4- A 



