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rendered liim perfeif^l)' adequate. He lived in profperity 

 and health till his 82d year, and died in i-irt. He ex- 

 celled in that fpecies of limple, ruftic, and pleafart poetry, 

 which is neither heroic nor burkfque, and which perhaps 

 no poetry in our l:infr'.:age refembles more than Gay's paf- 

 torals. His " II L?.mento de Cccco da Varlungo," or 

 •' Cecco's; Complaint," is a playful poem, written in the 

 provincial dialect of Tiifcany, and publifhcd fird; at Florence 

 in 1694, ''y Barto Commei ; and aftenvards, in 1755, ">*■"''' 

 the author's life by Domcnico Manni, and curious notes by 

 Marini. The po?m was trandated into Englidi by John 

 Hunter, efq. in 1800, Londun, Svo. See the Tran'flator's 

 Preface. 



BALDU.S, or as he wrote his name, Badus, Sebastian, 

 a native of Genoa, who flouriflud in the middle of the fe- 

 vcnteenth century, was one of the earlieft writers on the 

 properties of the Peruvian bark, and the mod ilrenuous af- 

 fertors of its value. It appears tiiat he pafTtd the latter part 

 of his life at Rome, where he was patronized by the cardi- 

 nal De Lugo, hinifelf an admirer of that celebrated m.edi- 

 cine, and who procured a parcel of it to be imported from 

 Spain into Italy, in 1 649. Baldus learned from BoIH, 

 a Genoefe merchant, that the tree producing the bark, 

 of which he gives a defcription, grows at Qiiito, a Spanifli 

 province in South America ; and that its power in curing 

 intcrmittents became firll known to the Spaniards, from its 

 being fucctfsfully adminiftered to the countefs of Cinchon, 

 the wife of the governor. He is very diftufe in his account 

 of the qualities of the bark, and of the moft efficacious 

 mode of admlniftering it ; and gives numerous examples of 

 the cures performed by it, not only in intermittents, but in 

 continued feverfe likewifc. His works, which are all con- 

 troverlial, are : " Sanguis expiatus, feu de Sanguine inca- 

 lefcente," Genux, 1643 ; " Cortex Peruvianus rcdivivus, 

 contra Plempium," Gen. 1656, i2mo. ; " Anaftnfis Corti- 

 cis Peruv. leu Chines Defeniio contra Ventilationes J. Jaco- 

 bi Chifiet, et gemitus V. F. Plempii," Genux, 1663, 4to. ; 

 " Neceffitas Plilebotomi.e in Exanthematibus," Gen. i66j, 

 4to. Haller. Bib. Med. Praft. Eloy. Did. Hift. 



Baldus, Baldus, M. D., a native of Florence, fiourifhed 

 about the middle of the feventeenth century. After acquir- 

 ing confiderable reputatiou in his own country, he removed to 

 Rome, where he was foon advanced to be phyfician to pope 

 Innocent the tenth, and archiater ; but died a few months 

 after being elevated to that poft. He publilhed, in 163 i, 

 " Praleftio de Contagione peilifera," 410. ; and in 1637, 

 " Difqniiitio ad textum fecundum Hippocratis, de Acre, 

 Aquis, ct Locis, accedit, de Calculorum Caufis ; Aquas Ti- 

 beris Bonitate ; Queltio de majori nunc quam prseterito Se- 

 culo, calcnloforumin urbefrtquentia," 410. Hall. Bib. Med. 

 Pi-aa. Eloy. Dia. Hift. 



Baldus, in Entomology, a fpecies of Papilio, with very 

 entire brown wings ; on the anterior ones above and be- 

 neath, an ocellar tpot, with a double pupil ; on the pofte- 

 rior ones, four ocellar fpcts above and fix beneath. Fabri- 

 cius. Inhabits India. Donov. Inl. Ind. 



BALDWIN I. in B'iograph\, emperor of Conllantinople, 

 was born in 1 172, and fuccecded his father as count of Flan- 

 ders and Hainault. In the fourth crufadc, which commenced 

 A.D. 1193, he affumcd the crofs at Bruges, together with 

 his brother Henry, and the principal knights and citizens of 

 the rich and indullrious province of Flanders, and diftln- 

 guiflicd himfelf fo much in the wars which preceded the 

 capture of Conllantinople, that after this event he was 

 chofen emperor of the eaft, A.D. 1204. But the Greeks 

 foon revolted againft this foreign empire; and formed an 

 alliance with John, or Calo-John, the revolted chief of the 



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Bulgarians and Walachiang. Baldw-n, in iiis attempt ta 

 recover Adriaiiople, from which the French and Venetian* 

 had been expelled, was drawn into an ambufcade bv the 

 feigned flight of the enemy, and taken prifoner, A.D. i2oy. 

 He foon after died in prifon ; but the time n.^d manner of 

 his death arc no^ known. Some fay, that after a confine- 

 ment of fixtcen months, he was cnitlly murder-.d by an am- 

 puta.tion of his hands and feet, and by cxpofing his bleeding 

 tru:ik to birds of prey. The Flemings for a long time be- 

 lieved tlijt he was alive ; and about twenty years aflcr his 

 death, found a hermit in a wood of the Netherlands, who 

 was acknowledged as the true Baldwin, the emperor of 

 Conftantinople, and lawful fovereign of Flanders. But the 

 •French court dete£led the impnllor, and he was punifhed 

 with an ignominious dealh. Rj'dwin, v.ho v.-aseftctmed for 

 his private virtues, and for liis military and princely quali- 

 ties, was fuccecded in the empire by his brother Henri- ; and 

 in h!s county of Flanders by his daughter Joan or Jane, who 

 has been accufed, by feme grave hiltorians, of facrificing to 

 her ambition the life of an unfortunate father. Gibbon's 

 Hift. vol. xi. p. 190 — 262. 



Baldwin II. emperor of Conflantinople, was the fon of 

 the emperor Peter of Courtenay ; and in his eleventh year, 

 fuccecded his brother Robert, A.D. 1228. On account of 

 his youth, John of Brienne, the veteran king of Jemfalem, 

 was appointed to be regent, and invefted for his life with 

 the title and prerogatives of emperor, on the folc condition 

 that Baldwin ftiould marry his fecond daughter, and fucceed, 

 at a mature age, to the throne of Conftantinople. The 

 royal youth was fent to vifit the wcftern courts, and to ob- 

 tain fome fupplies of men and money, for the relief of the 

 finking empire. He thrice repeated thrfe mendicant vifit«, 

 in which he feemed to prolong his ft.ay, and poftponc his 

 return. Of the twenty-five years of his reign, a greater 

 number was fpent abroad than at home; and in no place did 

 the emperor deem himfelf lefs free and fec.ire than in his 

 native country and his capital. In h.is firft vifit to England 

 he was ftopped at Dover, and checked by a fevere repri- 

 mand for prefuming, without leave, to enter an independent 

 kingdom. After fome delay, he was permitted to proceed, 

 and after a reception of cold civility, thankfully departed 

 with a prcfent of 700 marks. From the avarice of Rome 

 he could only obtain the proclamation of a crufade, and a 

 treafnre of indulgences. By various hum'liaiing and ruinous 

 expedients, heat length returned to Romania, with an army 

 of 30,000 foldiers, and obtained fomfi partial and temporary 

 fuccefs. But his poverty and weakncfs admitted of no effec- 

 tual rcHcf; and by the fale of fncred relics, fuch as the 

 crown of thorns which had been placed on the head of 

 Chrift, a portion of the true crofs, the baby-hncn of the fon 

 of God, the lance, the fpunge, and the chains of his paflion, 

 the rod of Mofes. and part of the fcull of John the Baptift, 

 he could only raife a treafnre of very limited extent, and of 

 fhort duration. His kingdom was foon reduced to the 

 limits of Conftantinople ; and in 1261, this city was taken 

 from him by Michael PalxoU-gus. Baldwin, with fome of 

 the princiDal families, embarked on board the Venetian 

 gallies, and fteered firft for the ifle of Eubcca, and after- 

 wards for Italy, where the royal fugitive was entertained 

 bv the poj)e and Sicilian king with a mixture of contempt 

 and pity. Having confumed thirteen years in foliciting the 

 Catholic powers to join in his rcftoration, without fuccefs, 

 he died in 1273, and his fon Philip became the heir of aa 

 ideal empire ; and by Catherine, the daughter of Philip, it 

 was transferred, in confequtncc of her marriage, to Charle* 

 of Valois, the brother of Philip the fair, king of France. 

 Gibbou'i Hill. vol. xi. 273 — 287. 



3 S 2 Baldwi.v, 



