B A L 



B A L 



company is placed, is ornamented with fome ricVi ftuff, and 

 fiirviO cd with a ha!lulh-ade of ivoiy, or other coilly r.;iticr, 

 enriched with jfilding. The edges of thebal!oor. jjft touch 

 the water, but the extremities rife with a fwetp to a great 

 height, v^pme are adorned, with a variety of figures, made 

 of pieces of mother of pearl inlaid : the richer fort, inftead 

 of a dome, carry a kind of fteeple in the middle ; fo that 

 confideri:ig the (lendemefs of the veffel, which is ufually 

 ICX) or I20 feet long, and fcarce fix broad, the height of 

 the two ends, and of the fteeple, with the load of decora- 

 tion', it is a wonder they are not overfet. 



Balloo^n, in Pneumalics, a name lately given to an xro- 

 ftatic machine, emplovtd for the purpofe of aerial naviga- 

 tion. See Aerostation. 



Balloon, in Pyrotcchiiy. See Balls, FiRE-Z^a/Zr, and 

 Pykotechny. 



BALLOTA, in Bol.iny, horehnuniL Lin. g. 72O. 

 SchreV). 975. Ji-ifl". 114. Clafs, diilynamia ^ymnofpenma. 

 Nat. Ord. ii.'rlicillaU, or l.illatie. Gen. Char. Cal. perianth 

 one-leafed, tubular, falver-lhaped, five-cornered, oblong, ten- 

 ftreaked, ereft, permanent, equal ; mouth acute, patulous, 

 plaited, five-toothed ; involucre of linear leaflets under the 

 whorls. Cor. manopetalous, ringc.it ; tube cylindric, the 

 length of the calyx ; upper I'p erecl, ovate, entire, crenate, 

 concave ; lower trifid, obtufe ; the middle fegment cmargi- 

 nate, largeft. Stam. filaments four, the two fliortcr fubulate, 

 bending towards the upper lip, and (horter than it ; anthers 

 oblong, lateral. Pyi. germ quadiilid; ilyle filiform; ftigma 

 fiender, bifid. Per. none. Calyx unchanged, foftering the 

 feeds in its bofom. Seeds four, ovate. 



EfT. Gen. Char. Cal. falver-fhaped, five-toothed, ten- 

 ftreaked. Cor. upper lip crenate, concave. It is obferved 

 that this genus has the involucre of clinopodium ; the calyx 

 of marrubium ; and the corolla of ftachys. 



Species, i. B. nyra, ftinking or black horehound. Smith. 

 Brit. 635. Hudfon 260. With. 533. Eng. Bot. 46. "Leaves 

 ovate, undivided, ferrate, calyxes dilated upwards, fomewhat 

 truncated." A hairy plant with an acrid pungent fmell ; 

 ftem two or three feet high, creft, branched, covered with 

 recurved hairs ; leaves petiolcd, ovate, or fubcordate, ferrate ; 

 flowers numerous, in axillary whorls, pedunculated, leafy, 

 brafteated ; brafles brillle-fhaptd, ciliate, half the length 

 of the calyx ; calyx tubular, hirfute, ten-ribbed, plaited or 

 furrowed at the margin, obtufcly five-lobed, reticulated 

 with veins, teeth awned, fpreading ; corolla purple, the 

 upper lip of which is emarginate, hair^', on the outlide ; the 

 Tinder three lobcd, befet with white veins. It is a perennial 

 plant, .common in wafte places, and hedges, flowering in 

 July. 2. B. alba, white flowered black horeiiou?id. " Leaves 

 cordate, undivided, ferrate, calyxes fiibtruncate." This 

 Swedidi plant has not yet been fatisfaftorily determined. 

 3. B. hinata, woolly black horehound. Phlomis fol. multi- 

 fidis. Gmel. lib. iii. 241. n. 72. t. 54. "Leaves palmate, 

 toothed, ftem woolly." Stems white with wool ; whorls 

 extremely hirfute ; leaves like thofe of goofcberry, with 

 blunt three-toothed lobes, fmooth above, hirfute under- 

 neath ; corolla a pale yellow, extremely hairy. A native 

 of Siberia, cultivated herl in 1776, by Mr. J. Gordon. 4. B. 

 fuaveolcns, fweet fmelling black horehound. Jac. Amer. 172. 

 pidl. t. 163. Byflropogon fuaveolens. L'Herit. Sert. Ang. 19. 

 Mefofphcrum. Brown Jam. t. 18. f. 3. Mentajlrum. Sloane 

 Jam. i. t. 102. f. 2. " Leaves cordate, fpikesleafy, calyxes 

 truncate, awns hncar." A Qirubby, annual, upright plant ; 

 leaves roundilh or elliptic, crenate, nerved, villofe, on long 

 footftalks ; peduncles axillary, 'from three to five-flowered ; 

 flowers blue ; calyx and branches villofe ; filaments longer 

 than the throat of the corolla. Seeds two, black, a little 



coinprelTed. A native of the Weft Indies, where it is ufed 

 in warm baths for its odour. 5. B. dijl'icha, b'tfu,y leaved 

 black t.orthour.d. " Whorls halved, two-parted, half- 

 fpiked." Stem pubcfcent, from one to two feet high ; 

 leaves ftalked, fubcordate, ferrate, tomentofe ; whcrls fingle 

 on esch fide ; each two-parted ; flowers alternate, fcffile, 

 rifing on a fiirple flexuole rachis. A tapering brafte under 

 eaclifiower. A native of the Eaft Indies. Introduced in 

 1783, by the earl of Bute. 6. Y>. p'dnfa. Lour. Cochinch. 

 364. " Leaves ovate, tomentofe, crenate, whorls hairy, 

 calyxes ten-toothed." Stem peiennial, four feet high, weak, 

 ftrcr.ked, hairy, branched ; leaves acute ; flowers white in 

 hairy whorls ; calyx recurved, ten-toothed. A native of 

 Cochinchina. 



Propagation and Culture. The European forts are never 

 introduced into gardens. The third fpecies is hardy, but 

 the tl'.ree liilt require the proteftion of a ftove. They may 

 all he increafed by feeds. See Martyn' Miller's Di£l. 



BALLOTAUE, or Balotade, in the Manege, is a 

 leap in which the horfe feems as if he intended to kick out 

 without doing it ; he only offers or makes a half kick, fliew- 

 ing only the Hioes of his hind feet. Bercnger farther ob- 

 ferves, that the horfes deitined to their airs (croupades and 

 balotades), ought to have a light and fteady mouth, and an 

 aftive and lively difpofition, with clean nervous ftrength ; 

 for all the art and knowledge of the horfemen can never 

 confer thefe qualities, wiiich yet are cffcntialiy neceflary 

 to the perfeftlon of this manege. 



The croupades and balotades are different from curvets, 

 inafmuch, as they are much higher behind, and confequently 

 their time and meafurc not fo quick and clofe, but flower 

 and more extended ; therefore, the rider (hould keep his 

 horfe's croup in awe, by ftriking it from time to time with 

 the fwitch, fupporting him not quite fo high before, and 

 obferving to aid with his legs flower, and not fo forward as 

 in curvets. 



To manage the ftrength and vigour of the horfe you in- 

 tend to work upon the volts, in croupades and balotades, 

 let the line of the volt be larger than tor curvets, and let the 

 action of the fhouldcrs be not quite fo high ; thus you will 

 not only cheek and confine his attiyity and llghtnefs, but 

 by raifing his ftioulders in a lefs degree, will give liberty to 

 his croup, and he will be enabled to furnifh his air altoge- 

 ther, that is, before and behind, better and with more eafe ; 

 there is Hill another reafon for this, for when the fhoulders 

 come to the ground from too great a height, the fhock alarms 

 and diforders the mouth, and thus the fiorfe loling the 

 fteadintfs of his appuy, he never will raile his croup lo high 

 as he ought to make perfect balotades. 



BALLOTING, a method of voting at eleftions, &c. by 

 means of little balls, which are ufually of different colours, 

 by the French called ballotes ; which are put into a box pri- 

 vately. 



BALLTOWN, in Geography, a townfhip of America, 

 in Saratoga county. New York, formerly in .Albany county, 

 contained in the year 1790, 7333 i'.-habitants, including 

 fixty-nine flaves. By the Hate cenius in 1796, there appear 

 to be 266 eleftors in this townfhip. It lies 36 miles N. from 

 Albany, has a Prefbyterian mecting-houfe, and is in a thriv- 

 ing ftate. The medicinal waters called " Balltown Springs," 

 from their being fituated within the limits of this town, 

 have acquire! celebrity on account of their fanative virtue, 

 and the accomodations adjoining to them for valetudinarians. 

 The fprings are found in the bottom of a valley, or excava- 

 tion, forming a kind of bafon, and comprehet ding in their 

 extent about fifty acres. In the vicinity of the fprings are 

 feveral neat bathiog-houfes, and fhowcr-batbe, for the con- 



Tcnience 



