BAR 



city, through which to fire with mulkets on the enemy. 



Sec EMBFi.ASUE.E. 



Barbacas, in Arch'itsP.ure, denotes a long narrow canal 

 or openirrg lv;ft in the walls for water to come in and go 

 out at, when ed:hce3 are riifcd in piaccs hable to be over- 

 flowed ; or to drain off tlie wntcr from a terrace, or the 

 like. 



BARBACE Point, in Geography, the eaft point of 

 St. Pedro's channel, ?.t the fouth-eail end of the iflaud on 

 -which tlic city of Cadiz is fituated. 



BARBACOS, a river on the coafl; of A.merica, 

 in the Pacilic ocean, nearly eall of the idand of Gallo. 

 Barbacos point is fituated ten leagues ffom the river Tellem- 

 bier, in N. lat. 2° 45'. V*'. long. 78° 55'. _ 



BARBADENSrS, in Conchology, a fpecies of Voluta tions from ihe'rr.other country was fo greatTthat Tn T6'?o'tt 

 that inhabits the American ocean. The length of this (hell was co.nnputed there were 20,'coo white men in Barbadoes, 



half of them able to bear arms, and furnifhing a regiment of 



BAR 



Carlifle was reftored to the ponVfrion and privileges of which 

 he had been for a fhort time deprived. Accordingly he pro- 

 c-eded to diftribute lands to fuch perfons aschofe to comply 

 with his laws; and a focicty of London merchants accepted 

 10,000 acres, on conditions which promifed great benefit to 

 the pr.iprittors. Thefe merchants fer.t over 64 perfons, 

 each of whom was authorized to take up ico acres of land; 

 and thus, in 1628, they eftabhflied a new colony, which fooil 

 overpowered the ftttlement, and annihilated the interell of 

 Courtetn. In 1629, fir 'William Tufton was fcut out by 

 lord Carlifle as chief governor, and he dillributed land, 

 amounting to 15,872 acres, into 140 grants; and in 1630, 

 palTed feveral laws ; among which was one for dividing the 

 ifland into fix pariliies. During the civil war, the cmi^'ra- 



is an inch and a half; {hape tapering; colour reddilh, with 

 very fine traiifvcrfe ftrix ; ape:t!ire oblong-oval; fpire ob- 

 tufe. Figured only by Lifter, t. 819. f. ^3. Gmthn. 



Barbaden'sis, in Ornilholigv, a fpecies of Psittacl's, 

 the afi-frnntid parrot of Latham. This bird is about the 

 fize of a pigeon, andirihabits Barbadoes; the general colour 

 is green; orbits and front cinereous; crown, chin, cheeks, 

 throat, and IcfFer wing-coverts yellow; greater ones blue; 

 many of the primary quill-feathers violet on ti'e outfide, the 



fell red from the bafe, and the reft blue. 

 legs are afh ; claws black. 



BARBADOES, in Geography, one of the moft im- 

 portant of the Caribbee ifiands in the Weft Indies, ftanding 

 fomewhat detached from the reft, about thirty-five degrees 

 from the African iflands of cape Vcrd. This ifland was 

 probably firft difcovered by the Poituguefe in their voyages 

 from Brafil, and from them received its prefent name. It 

 had then neither occupants nor claimants; the Charaibes 

 or Caribbees having dcferted it. The Portugucfe thought 



horfe to the number of icoo. It fecms that about this 

 time the exifting governor granted lands to all who applied, 

 on rtcviving a gratuity for himfclf; and the claim of the 

 proprietor, whether d>fpi\ted in the ifland, or difregardcd 

 amidft the confjfions at home, was at length tacitly rdin- 

 quiflied. 



The colony, enjoying an unlimited freedom of trade, 

 flouriftied in a fingular manner by its own efforts. In 1646, 

 Gmehn. The the fon and heir of the earl of Carlifle, the original patentee, 

 revived his claims as hereditary proprietor, and by treaty 

 \yith lord Willughby of Parham, conveyed to him all his 

 rights by a jeafe of 2 I years, on condition of receiving one- 

 half of the profits. LordAVillughby obtained a commiiTion 

 as chief governor; and was received by the ii habitants, who 

 were warmly attached to the king's i^itercft, with rcfpcA and 

 obedience. But foon after his arrival, the regal authority in 

 England was abohflied. 



Barbadoes, in 1 65 1 , was reduced to the obedience of the 

 it not of fufricient importance for a fettlem.ent; and having new republic, who appointed another governor. Upon tiie 

 furnilhed it with a breed of fwine for the ufe of future navi- reftoration of Charles II., lord WilluThby applied for leave 



gators, they left it as they found it. The Engii;h, in 1605, 

 finding it without inhabitants, took polTcfrion of the country 

 fcy fixing a crofs on the fpot where James-town was after- 

 wards built, with this infcription: " James king of England 

 and this ifland ;" but they formed no fcttlement. At this 

 time it was overgrown with woods; but yet it furniflied them 

 with a fupply of frefh provifions. They found liere pigs. 



^hby appli( 

 to return to his government of Barbadoes; againft which the 

 inhabitants, now apprized of his connection and contract with 

 the eail of Carlifle, and apprehending that they were regarded 

 by thefe lords as mere tenants at will of their poflefiions, re- 

 monftrated. They pleaded that they were the kin^r's fub- 

 jeds, and fohcited his majefty's fupport and protcAion. 

 They objected to the claims of the earl of Carlifle, and in- 



pigeo s, and parrots; and the fea abounded with fifn. Some filled that the charter granted to him was void in law. The 

 years after this, a favourable report having been made of its feveral allegations and claims of the parties concerned were 



beauty and fertility by the mailer and fcamen of a fliip of 

 fir William Courtetn, lord Ley, afterwards earl of Marl- 

 borough, obtained from king James I. a grant oi the ifland 

 to himfclf and his heirs in perpetuity. Accordingly Courteen, 

 probably under the patronage of Marlborough, projected the 

 eftahlifhment of a colony, and feiit about ^^olcttlers to plant 

 and fortify the ifland, who, in 1 624, laid the foundation of 

 James-town; and this was the firft E-iglidi fcttlement on the 

 ifland. About this time, James Hay, earl of Carhflc, tfta- 

 •bliilied a colony in the ifland of St. Chriftophtr, a:id ob- 

 tained from Charles L a grant of alltlie Charibiean or Carib- 

 bee iflands, including Barbadoes. This grant was contefted 

 by earl Marlborough ; but at length a compromife took 

 place; and on the carl of Carliile's undertaking to pay the 

 annual f«m of 300I. to the earl of Marlborough and his heirs 

 for ever, the latter waved his clairr.s ; and in 1627 the patent 

 of the former paiTcd the great feal, a.^d he became the fo!e 

 proprietor. However, tlie carl of Pembroke nbtamed a re- 

 vocation cf Carlifle's patent, and a grant to himfclf in truft 

 ■for Courteen, who had pro) Cted the firll fcttlement in the 

 ifland. Tiiio grant was afterwards annuiled, and the earl of 



referred to a committee of the privy -council; and it was 

 finally ordered, that lord Wiilaghby fljould repair to his 

 government, and demand the grant and eftabhflimcni: by the 

 aflembly of a permanent and irrevocable revenue of 4! per 

 cent, to be paid in fpecie, on all dead commodities, the 

 growth of the ifland, fliipped to any part of the world; and 

 the money arifing from tliis revenue was to be applied towards 

 makiitg provifion for the earl of Kinnoul, tiic legal repre- 

 fentative of lord Carlille with refped to his rights in the Wtit 

 Indies, v.'ho had on this condition promifed to furrender the 

 Carlifle patent to the crown, towards paying the annuity to 

 the carl of Marlborough, and towards the difcharge of tlie 

 creditors of both thefe noblemen. After the extinction of 

 thefe incumbrances, it was ftipulated, tint the revenue, fub- 

 jecl to the charge of 1200I. per annum to the'^pvemor, 

 fliould be at the difpofal of the crown. With thefe inftruc- 

 tions^ lord Willugliby returned to his government in 1663. 

 planters were diifatisfied, and preferred complaint*. 



The 



which, however, were unavailing. At length, finding refill- 



ance vain, the afi"embly pafTed an ac\ for the purpofes that 



were required, dated Sept. 12, 1663. Thus the pioprictaiy 



4 G 2 govern- 



