BAR 



ginou^; petiole with two t\iberc!t;5. F;ib-iciiis, ^''cc. The 

 head is lav^e; firll joint of the antennx large and black, 



Barbara, Bay of St. in Gi-ogniphy, lies on the foiith- 

 \ve(l coall of Terra del Fuego in Sonth America, where 

 at two leagues S. by E. from cape Noir, are two rocky 

 iflets; but no land is fecn at E.N. E. from the cape, where 

 is probably the cliannel of St. Barliara; which opens into 

 the ftiaits of Magellan. Cape Defolation lies to the 

 S.E.; the entrance is open, and it will admit a large fleet of 

 (liips. 



Barbara, St. Channel of, lies on the fonth fhore of the 

 (Iraits of Magellan, between bay de Choifeul and Cafcade 

 bay. It is luppufcd to communicate with the bay of 

 St. Barbara ; its entrance on that fide being oppofite to 

 James's idand. It has been thought of importance to explore 

 this fnppofed channel Ironi the Urait ; bccaufe it would 

 afford, if found good, a quick and fafe paflage into the 

 Southern Pacific ocean. 



Barbara, Si. Iflaml, the fouthernmoft of two idands 

 bearing north and Ibuth on the ea(l lideof the canal grande, 

 or principal channel, fi-oai cape Frio, on the coall of Bralil, 

 to the bay of All Sair.ts. It has two good roads; one on 

 the fouth-well, and aui.ther on the north-eaft. 



Barbara, St. the chief town of New Bifcay, in the au- 

 dience of Galicia, in New Spain, in North America. 



Barbara, St. Riv^r, lies on tlie coail of Africa, to the 

 eaft from cape Ferraofa, and fix leagues well; from Baraba- 

 lemo. 



Barbara, Sf. Cana/ of, lies on the north-vvefl of America, 

 near the coaft of New Albion; tlie Tiorth-weil poiia of en- 

 trance into which is called point ConcLption; in N. lat. 34'^ 32'. 

 E. long. 239° 54'. The weilernmolt, or tirfi: ifland, forming 

 this canal, is called in one Spaniih chart St. Miguel, in 

 another St. Bamardo; the next is called in one chart Santa 

 Rofa, in the other St. Miguel; and nearer the canal is a 

 third idand, upon which is a liigh hill called in t!ie Spaniih 

 charts Santa Cruz. The coalt contmues in an eallcrly direc- 

 tion about 23 nules from point Concepcion to a point where it 

 takes a foutheily turn, from whence the country gradually 

 rifes to mouDtai.is of different hei^rhts. In the vicinity of the 

 fiiores, which are compofed of low cliffs or fandy beaches, 

 are produced fome ftuntcd trees ard groveling (hrubs; and, 

 notwithllanding the dreary appearance of the coaft, it feems 

 to be Well inhabited, as ieveral villages may be perceived at 

 no great dillancc from one another, in the fmall bays or 

 coves that form the coall. The nihabitants ufe canoes of 

 wood, decorated with Ihells; and traffic with their fifli and 

 ornaments for fpooi's, beads, and fcilfars. They feemed, 

 tiys Vancouver, to poflcls great fenlibihty and vivacity, and 

 yet condueled themftlves with the molt perfcil decorum. 

 Their native dialeft was unknown. Th-i Spanifti 

 miflion of Santa Barbara, and alio that of Bueno Ven- 

 tura, are fituated at a fma'l dillancc from the canal ot Santa 

 -liarbara. The Ihores of the bay or roadllead of Santa Ba.<- 

 bara are for the luoft part low, and terminate in fandy 

 beaches, with the exception of the weftern point, which is a 

 fleep cliff of moderate elevation, and which was denominated 

 by Vancouver Point Felipe. At Santa Barbara the latitude 

 was 32' 24', the variation 10" 15' E. a;id the longitude 

 240° 43'. The tide regularly ebbed and flowed every fix 

 hours, its rife and fall being about three or four feet ; and it 

 is, high water about eight hours after the moon pafles tite 

 meridian. Vancouver's Voyage, vol. ii. p. 456. 



Barbara, in Lo^ic, the fiill mode of the firft figure of 

 fyllogifms. 



A fyllogifm in barbara is that whereof all the propofitions 

 are univerlal ajid affirmative; the middle term being the fub- 



BAR 



}e^ in the firfl propofition, and attribute or predicate in the 

 fecond. — For example : 



" BAR Whoever fuffers a man to (lan'e, whom he otight 

 to fullain, is a murderer: 

 BA \\Tioevcr h rich, and refufes to give alma, fuffer* 



thole to ftarve whom he ought to fullain. 

 RA Therefore, whoever is rich, and refufes to give 

 alms, is a rr.urdcrer." 

 BARBARATA Iflimih, m Geography, are fituated three 

 leagues weft from the river Tiiriano ; the bay of Trillo hes 

 W. S. W. from them, on th.e Spanifh main; and thcfe iflands 

 are between the main and Venezuela, nearly weft from 

 the latter. 



BARBARESQUE, in Zooh-y, the name given by 

 BufFon to the Barbary fquirrel; fcliirus gctuhis of Schrebcr 

 and Gmelln. 



BARBARIA, in Anacnt Geography, the name given in 

 the Perlphis of the Erythiean lea to the kingdom of Abyf. 

 finia, now called Adf. l, the coaft of which extends frono 

 the ilraits of Babtlmandcl to cape Gaidcfan, about 450 

 Ideographical miles, and contains, according to the Periplus, 

 four principal marts or anc'.icrages, called by the general 

 name ot Tapera, the precife iituation of which is not af- 

 certained. Abalites was fituated near the Ilraits, Malao 

 may be fixed at Delaqua, and Mundus at Zeyla; but the 

 principal port was Molullon, featcd on a promontory, a 

 whole degree north of Mundus ; and this fuits no other 

 point on the coall but Barbara, a town on an ifland clofe ta 

 the fhore, adjoining to a narrow cape of confiderable ex- 

 tent. 



B A RB A R I A N, in Ant'iqmly, a name given by the ancient 

 Greeks to all thole who were not of their own country, or who 

 did not Ipeak the Greek language, or who did not Ipeak :t 

 fo well as ihcmlelvcs. In which ftnft t!ie word fignificd 

 with them no more than foreigner, and did not carry that 

 odium with it which it does now. Stnibo derives the word 

 jSaptoKfo,- frou) ;3af^(xfij!u, balbul'ire, beciufc forcignci'S con> 

 ing to Alliens uled to Hammer, or ipeak coarfely ; others 

 derive it from py.fQy.^, a word that foreigners frequently 

 ftumblcd on, which yet had no meaning. 



The Greeks had fuch an high opinion of the pre-emj> 

 iience to which they were railed by civilization and fcience, 

 that they feem har<lly to have acknowledged the reft of 

 irjinkind to be of the fame fpecies witJi theinftlvcs. To 

 every other people they gave the degrading appellation of 

 Barbarians ; and, in confequeiice of their own boafted fupe- 

 riority, tlicy alferted a right of dominion over them, in the 

 fame manner, to ufe their own expreffion, as the foul has over 

 the bodv, and men have over irrational animals. ' Extrava- 

 gant as this pre'cnlisn may now appear, it found admiffion-, 

 to the di{;.;iate of ancient philofophy, into all the fchools. 

 Ariftotle, full of this opinion, iu fupport uf which he em- 

 ploys arguments more fubtle than lolid (Polit.i. c. 3 — 7.) 

 adviled Alexander to govern the Greeks like lubjedls, and 

 the Barbarians as Haves ; to confider the former as compani- 

 ons, and the latter as creatures of an inferior nature. But 

 die fentiments of the pupil were more enlarged than thofe 

 of his mailer ; and his experience in governing men taught 

 the monarch what the fpeculative fcience of the philofopher 

 did not difcovcr. See Plut. de Fortun. Alex. Orat. i. 

 Strabo, llb.i. p. 1 16. A. 



The Greeks gave the denomination of Barbarians in a 

 peculiar manner, and with a contempt blended with animo- 

 iity, to the Phr)'gians, on account of the enmity that had 

 fubfiftc'd between them fince the wars of Troy. This ap- 

 pears iu the " Oreftes" of Euripides, and in the fcholia 

 upon the " Ajax Malligophorus" of Sophocles. The Rev 



ituos 



