BAR 



» fcTiobr of Tartlni, in Naples, under whim he ftiidiod ror 

 a conliderab'e time, and then worlied bv hlmfclf. His firll 

 Jnftniclor in cou!itorpoint was Michele Gaboalone ; but this 

 ma'ler dyinjr, he ihidied cnmpofition under the inllrndions 

 of Leo, till the time of his death ; and pleafantly adds : 

 Non per qucjti, livheUa, e un vera af.no che iion fa n'lente : 

 " Yet, nutwithftanding thefe advantagfs, Barbella is a mere 

 ofs, who knows nothing." 



This modeft and ingenious mnfician, and tnic follower 

 of Tartini's principles, died at Naples 1773. His worthy 

 difcip'e, iignor Raimondi, with more force in public, has 

 the fame fweetnefs of tone and temper in private. 



BARBER, a perfon who makes a trade of (liiiving, 

 and dreffin^ the wigs and hair of other men, for money. 

 There were no barbers at Rome before the year A. U. C. 

 454. Varro reports that Ticinius Mena brought them thi- 

 ther from Sicily. The barbers' (hops very foon became 

 the refort of idlers and gofTips. To this pi;rpofe, Horace, 

 in expreffing wliat was public and notorious, fays, that all 

 the barbers knew it : 



" Omnibus et lippis notum et tonforibus effe." 



Bolides curling the hair, and fliaving the beard, the an- 

 citnt barbers alio trimmed the nails. Thus Plautus (Au- 

 lul. ii. \. •^3.) : " Quin ipfi pridem tonfor ungues demferat ;" 

 and TibuUus (i. 9. 11.): 



" Q_uid ungues 



Artificis dofta fubfecuilTe manu ?" 

 Anciently a lute or viol, or fome fuch mutical inftioiment, 

 vas part of the furniture of a barber's Ihop, which was 

 then frequented by perfons above the ordinary rank, who 

 reforted thither for the cure of wounds, or to undergo fome 

 chirurgical operations, or as it was called to be triimiu-il, a 

 word which fignified either fliaving or cutting and curling 

 the hair. Thefe, and alfo letting of blood, were the an- 

 cient occupations of the barber furgeon. The mufical in- 

 ftrnments in his (hop were for the amufement of waiting cuf- 

 tomero, and anfwered the end of a newfpapcr, with which 

 it has been ufnal for fuch to entertain themftlves. The ori- 

 gin of the " barber's pole" has been the fubjeft of various 

 conjectures among etymologifts. Some have fuppofed it to 

 have been derived from the word poll, or head ; but the true 

 intention of this party-coloured Itaff was to (hew that the 

 mailer of the fhop praftifed furgery, and could breathe a 

 vein, as well as take off the beard ; fuch a rtaff being to_ 

 this day, by every village praftitioner, put into the hand of 

 a perfon undergoing the operation of phlebotomy. The 

 white band, which encompaffes the ftaff, was deligned to 

 reprefent the fillet, thus elegantly turned about it. 



The barbers were incorporated with the furgeons of Lon- 

 don, but not to praflife furgery, except drawing of teeth, 

 &c. 32 Hen. Vin. c. 43 ; but feparated by 18 Geo. IL 



c. 15. 



Barbers, Company of. See Company. 



Barber Sand, \\\ Geography, lies within the fands which 

 form Yarmouth roads, and parallel with the northern part 

 of them, and of the coafl, beginning off the town of Caf- 

 tor. There is within it a good channel along the fhore, in 

 five, fix, or feven fathoms, till you go out north at Win- 

 terton Nefs. 



BARBERAIN, or Bareerian, an ifland off the coaft 

 of the ifland of Ceylon, in the Eaft Indies, about 15 leagues 

 fouth of Columbo on the wellern fide ; in N. lat. 6° 25'. 

 and E. long. 80°. 



BARBERANO, a town of Italy, in the Hate of the 

 church, and province of Patrimonio ; fix miles from Bieda. 



BARBERINI, Maffeo, iu Biography. Sec Urban 



vin. 



BAR 



BARBERINO, Francis Da, an Italian 'poet, wnj 

 born in. 1 264 at Barberino, a callle of ValdelTa, and edu- 

 cated for the profeffion of the civil and canon law at Padua 

 and Bologna. Upon his removal to Florence in 1294, he 

 fervtd two bilhops in the way of h.ir. profefiion, and made 

 frecpient journeys to the papal court at Avignon. lie was 

 honoured wiith the degree of doftor ot Iav.rs by Clement Y .; 

 and attended the general council at Vienna in 13 i i. Amidit 

 his profeflional purfuits, he cultivated poetry, and publilhed 

 a work, itititled, " Documenti d'Amore," whicK treats of 

 moral philofiphy, and confifts of twelve parts, each of 

 wliich has for its fnbjeiti: fome virtue and its rewards. His 

 llyle is not dillinguiflied by cafe or elegance, but favours 

 too much of Proven9al poetry ; and yet the author has 

 been reckoned among the good writers and founders of the 

 language. This poem was firft printed at Rome in 1640, 

 adorned with fine figures. Anotiier work, in verfe, on the 

 Manners of Women, is preferved in MS. in the Vatican. 

 Barberino died of the plague at Florence in the year 1348. 

 Gen. Did. Nouv. Ditl. Hiftor. 



Baruerino, in Geography, a town of Italy, in the duchy 

 of Tufeany, feated on a mountain, 16 miles fouth of Flo- 

 rence. 



Barberino is alfo a town of Italy, in the duchy of 

 Tufeany, fituated at the foot of the Apennines, on the fide 

 of the river Sieve, four miles well of Scarperia. N. lat. 

 43° 40'. E. long. 12° 15'. 



BARBERNOLA, or Blanc, Cape, Hes on the coaft 

 of Afia, in N. lat. 38^9', and E.long. 26" 27'. 



BARBERRY, in Botany and the Materia M.dica. See 

 Berberis. 



BARBESIEUX, in Geography, a town of France, and 

 principal place of a diCtridl in the department of the Cha- 

 rente. It has a manufaiilure of linen cloth, and near it is 

 a medicinal fpring. N. lat. 45° 28'. W. long. 0° 15'. 



BARBESOLA, or Barbesula, in Ancient Geography, 

 a river of Spain, in the country of the Balluli. Ptolemy 

 and Pliny. 



Barbesola, Barhefula, or BarlefiJ, a town of Spain, 

 in the country of the Baftuli, fituated on the llrait between 

 Carteia and Tranfdufta. Ptolemy, Pliny, and Mela. 



BARBET, in Zoology. Buffon calls the water-dog of 

 Pennant, canis aquaticus of Gmelin, &c. k grand barbel ; 

 and canis miner Gmel. le petit barbel. Hifl. Nat. 



Barbet, in Orntthology, the Englilh name of a genus of 

 birds in Latham's Synopfis, correfponding with that of buc- 

 co, Linn. See Bucco. 



BARBETICUM Jugum, in Ancient Geograghy, a pro- 

 montory of Spain, in Bxtica. 



BARBETS, in Geography, the name of the inhabitants 

 of feveral vallics in Piedmont, particularly thofe of Lucern, 

 Angrona, Perufa, and St. Martin. 



BARBEYRAC, Charles, in Biography, an eminent 

 phyfician of France during the feventeenth century, was 

 the fon of a gentleman of Cerefte in Provence. He ftudied 

 phyfic at Aix and Montpelier, and in 1649 took his doftor's 

 degree in the univerfity of the latter place, where he fettled ; 

 and in 1658, became a candidate for the medical profeflor- 

 fliip, but on account of his being a proteflant, he was ine- 

 ligible. In the difputations on this occafion he acquired 

 great reputation, and his advice was fought in difficult cafes 

 by perfons both in his native country and alfo in foreign' 

 kingdoms. He declined the office of being phyfician to 

 Mademoifelle d'Orleans, preferring liberty to the fliackles 

 of a court ; and at Montpelier, where he refidcd, he was 

 attended in his vifits by many Undents to whom he gave 

 clinical inllrudlions. His praftice was dillinguifhed by its 



fimplicity, 



