BAR 



BAR 



to, in the territory of Otraiito. Having been confecrntid 

 at Rorwe in the following year, he returned to Ugenlo with 

 a view of performing the duties of his otEee, but died 

 there within a few months. His works were numerous, 

 and were printed at Lyoiis in 1716 and the following year, 

 in 16 tomes folio. Moreii. Nouv. Dift. Hillor. 



BARBOSTHENES, in Jlnc'unl Geography, a mountain 

 of Greece in the Pcloponnefus, 10 miles from Lactdasmon, 

 Livy. 



BARBOT, Penn. ; Barbota, Rondel ; in Ichlhynlosy, 

 fvnonymous names of the fpecies of Gadus called Lota 

 by Linnaeus. 



BARBOTES Rocks, in Gcograpl^f, are two vocks 

 vvhich are about half a league N.N.W. from the Calmar- 

 diers, and appear every tide. 



BARBOTINE, a feed othenvife czV.^jA J-mcnJautouxiim, 

 and /rmfM contra vermes, in Engliih luoniifeei!. 



BARBOULT Point, hes within the fouth-weft point 

 of the bay of Cancale, to the eaft of St. Maloes, on the 

 coalt of France. 



BARBOUR, or Barber, John, in Biography, an eminent 

 divine, hiltorian, and pott, was born in the city of Aberdeen, 

 asfome fay, about the year 1330, but according to others, in 

 1326. Having received a learned education, he entered 

 into holy orders, and was promoted by king Da\-id H. to 

 the archdeaconry of Aberdeen, A.D. 1356. Such was his 

 love of learning, that he continued to profecute his (Indies 

 after his promotion ; and with this view he prevailed on his 

 own fovereign, David Bruce, with whom he was in great 

 favour, to obtain perniiflion from Edward HI. toftudyat 

 Oxford. The grant for this purpofe was dated at Weft- 

 minfter, Aug. 13th, A.D. 1357. He was alio appointed 

 by the bifhop of Aberdeen, one of the commiflioners for 

 the ranfom of David II. king of Scotland ; and he obtained 

 permiilion from Edward III.. A.D. 1365, to travel through 

 lEngland to St. Dennis, near Paris, with fix horfemen as 

 his attendants. Barbour vi-as not only famous for his ex- 

 tenfive knowledge in the philofophy and divinity of thofe 

 times, but ftill more admired on account of his admirable 

 genius for Engliih poetry ; in which he compofed, as he 

 tells us, in 1375, a hiftory of the life and glorious aftions 

 of Robert Bruce king of Scotland, at the defire of king 

 David Bruce, his fon, who granted him a confiderable pen- 

 fion for his encouragement, which he gcneroufly bellowed 

 on an hofpital at Aberdeen. This work is not only re- 

 markable for a copious circumftantial detail of the exploits 

 of that illuftrions prince, and iiis brave companions in arms, 

 Randolf earl of Moray, and the lord James Douglas, but 

 alfo-for the beauty of its ftyle, which is not inferior to that 

 of his cotemporary Chaucer. This poem paffefl through 

 about twenty editions in Scotland fiiice the year 1616, in 

 which the firft edition, that can be difcovered, was printed 

 at Edinburgh, in i2mo. But thefe edition^ were all mo- 

 dernized. An edition of this moll ancient produftion of 

 the Scottifh mufe extant, in the language and orthography 

 of its author, from a MS. written in 1489, and preferved 

 in the advocates' library at Edinb'.:rgh, was prirted by 

 Mr. Pinkerton, under the title of " The Bruce," with notes 

 and a gloflary, in 1 790, in 3 vols. i2mo. The following 

 verfes, diftinguifhed by their foftnefs, afford a fpecimen of 

 tlie author's talent at rural defcnption, and alfo of the 

 ftate of the Engliih language in his time. 



" This V/.1S in midrt oi month of May, 

 When birdis fing on ilka ipray, 

 Melland their notes, with feemly foun, 

 For foftnefs of the fweet fcafouu. 



And leavis of the branchis fpreeds, 



And blolTomis bright, befide them, breedst 



And ficldis ftrawed are with flow'rs 



Wei! favouring of fcir colours ; 



And all things worthis, blyth, and gay." 

 Barbour is fiiid to have died at an advanced age in I39(>, 

 but the time and circumllances of his death are not fatis- 

 fai'lority afcertained. Henry's Hiftory, vol. viii. p. 249. 

 Pinkerton, uhi fupra. V.'lia'ton'i, Hul. Eng. Poetry, vol. i. 

 P.31S. 



BARBUDA, or Berbuda, in Geograp'jy, one of the 

 Britiili Caribbee idar.ds in the Weft Indies, is a fmall illand, 

 about 20 milts long- and 12 broad, and lies about 15 miles 

 north -eaft of Montfcrrat. This ifland was planted foon 

 after tlie Engliih had fettled upon St. Chrlllopher's, in 

 1 628, and called " Dnlcina" from its beautiful appearance. 

 It is the property of the Codrington family, whofe ancef- 

 tor Colonel Codrington obtained a grant of it for his import- 

 ant fervices to the crown of England in the Wed Indies, 

 and is faid to yield above 5CO0I. a year. Upon his death 

 in 1710, he bequeathed two plantations in Barbadoes, and 

 part of Barbuda, valued at 2000 1. per annum, to the fo- 

 ciety for propagating the gofpel for the inilruclion of the 

 negroes in Barhadoes and the other Caribbee iflands in 

 the Chriilian rehgion, and for erefting and endowing a 

 college in Barbadoes. This is the only proprietary govern- 

 ment of all the Engliih Caribbee illts; and the appointment 

 of a governor is in the Codrington family. The land lies 

 low, but is fertile; and the inhabitants are chiefly employed 

 in breeding black cattle, fheep, kids, fowls, and all kinds 

 of domellic ftock; in planting Indian corn, and in other 

 parts of hufbandry ; and they fupply the neighbouring iflands 

 with thefe articles. The ifland, however, is capable of yield- 

 ing, by cultivation, citrons, pomegranates, oranges, raifins, 

 Indian figs, maize, cocoa-nuts, cinnamon, and pine-apples, 

 with various kinds of v/ood and drugs, fuch as brafd, ebony, 

 pepper, and indigo. There are fome large ferpents upon 

 this ifland, which, not being poifonous, are ufcful in deftroy- 

 ing rats, toads, and frogs; and others fo venomous, that 

 their bite proves mortal, unlcfs an antidote be applied in the 

 fpaee of two hours.' The coaft abounds with rocks: but 

 on tlie well fide cf the ifland there is a well-dieltered roaJ, 

 and there are two flioals, which run more than two leagues 

 into the fea, from the north-weft and fouth-well points. The 

 inhabitants are computed to be about 15CO. N. lat. Ij" 

 49' 45". W. long. 61° 50'. 



BARBUE, RiviERE-A-LA, a river of North America, 

 empties itfelf into lake Machigan, from E.S.E. between 

 Raifin and Maranie rivers. Its mouth is 60 yards wide, 

 and lies 72 miles N. by W. from fort St.Jofeph. This is 

 alfo the name of a river, which difcharges iticlf into lake 

 Erie, from the N. by E. 40 miles W. N.W. from the extre- 

 mity of Long point, in tliat lake, and 22 E. by S. from 

 Tonty river. 



BARBULiE, in Botany, a name given by Pliny to the 

 femi-tiofculi. 



BARBUS, in Ichthyology, a fpecie-s of Cyprinus, hav- 

 ing feven rays in the anal fin ; beards four ; ftcond ray of 

 the firft dorfal fin ftrrated on both fides. Linn. Muf. Ad. 

 Fr. &c. 



This is the barbel cf the Englifli ; a common inhabitant of 

 moft frclh waters in Europe, and eafily diftingniflied from the 

 other fpecies of carp, or cyprinus genus, to which it belongs, 

 by the upper jaw being advanced far beyond the lower one, 

 and in having the four beards appendant, from which the 

 appropriate name of barbus or barbel is derived. Tliis fifh, 



during 



