B A i< 



Species, i. B. lon^'ifol'ia. Ancliufa. P!iik. Aim. 30. t. IJJ. 

 f. 4. Morr. '3. 1. II. t. 27. f, 5. " Spines of the vvliorU fix- 

 fold ; leaves eiififonn, very lone;, feabrous." Tlic Hem is 

 erect, rough, obtulcly quadrangular ; leaves oppolite, lan- 

 ceolatc-fword-rtiapcd, entire, thrice the length of the inter- 

 nodes ; flowers ui wliorls, axillary ; three fpiiies oti each fide 

 of the ftem of the length of the whorls. A native of tlie 

 Eall Indies. Introduced here by fir J. Banks in 1781. 2. 

 Ji. folanifolia. Plum. g. 3 i. 43. f. 2. " Spines axillary ; leaves 

 lanceolate, tooth-letted." Stems ereft,fquarc, three keel 'nigh, 

 with two oblong entire leaves at every joint, above which 

 the flowers {land in whorls, furrounding the ftalks, and un- 

 der each whorl are fix (hurp fpines as long as the calyx ; the 

 flowers are blue, and more completely labiated than the 

 other fpecies of the genus. 3. IJ. N\Jlnx, hyllrix frutex. 

 Rumph. 7. 22. 13. "Spines axillaiy, twin, fimple ; leaves 

 entire, lanceolate-ovate." Stem wand-like, not firm; branches 

 fcarcely angular ; leaves fmooth on both fides ; axillary 

 fpines twin, finiple, fcfiile, horizontal. A native of the Eail 

 Indies. 4. B. Prioiiitis. Coletta-Veetla. Rheed. Mai. 9. 77. 

 41. " Spines axillary, pedate, fourfold ; leaves entire^ lanceo- 

 late-ovate." Stem herbaceous,' round, iliff ; leaves oppofite, 

 running down the petioles, pubefeent underneath ; between 

 the branch and leaf a fpine, with four (harp rays from the 

 centre ; calyxes acuminate-fpiny. A native of the Eaft In- 

 dies. ^. ^. buxlfolia. CarafchuUi. Rheed. Mai. 2. 9!. 47. 

 " Spines axillary, oppofite, folitaiy ; leaves roiindifli, entire." 

 Stalks (lirubby, five or fix feet high, with rtrong fpines under 

 the leaves ; ilov. ers in whorls towards the upper part of the 

 ftalk ; feed-veifels ftiort, containing- three or four flat feeds. 

 A native of Jamaica and the Eall Indies. 6. B. noB'tJlora. 

 •'Spines axillary, branching ; leaves lanceolate, entire, cufpi- 

 dated ; braftes ovate, icariofe ; tube elongated." Flowers 

 blue, refembling thofe of B. buxifolia, but longer, and ex- 

 panding during the night ; braftes fmooth. Obferved near 

 Tanjour by Koenig. 7. B. crifirUa. Mclampyro cognata, 

 &c. Morr. Hid. 3. 429. f. 1 1. t.23. f. 7. " Leaves oblong, 

 entire ; two leaflets of the calyx broader, ciliated, and two 

 linear, acute." Stem round; leaves oblong-ovate, Iharp at 

 both ends , flowers axillary, fefiilc ; two leaflets of the ca- 

 lyx ovate, acuminate, ferrate-fpiny ; two alternate, (liorter, 

 linear, acute, entire, fpreading ; corolla blue, with ovate 

 lobes. 8. B. coir/ncrt. Plum. g. 31. 43. f. 1. "Unarmed; 

 leaves ovate, tooth-letted, petioled." Stems fmooth, four 

 feet high ; flowers fcarlet, in whorls at the joints, and ap- 

 pearing from July till September. A native of South Ame- 

 rica. 9 B. pungens. " Unarmed ; leaves ovate, acute, pun- 

 gent ; braftes ciliated." Found at the cape of Good Hope 

 by Thunberg. 10. Y>.hng\Jlora. Gzrtn. Fruft. 253. "Un- 

 armed ; leaves ovate, filky ; braftes cordate, fcariofe ; co- 

 rollas very long." An underfhrub, with oppofite filky 

 branches ; leaves oppofite, entire, on ftalks ; flowers termi- 

 nal ; braftes two or bivalve, fefTile, nearly as large as the 

 leaves, and below thefe four other braftes difpofed crofs-wife, 

 linear, fpreading, filky, as long as the leaves ; capfule 

 pointed at each end, quadrangular ; feeds much flatted, 

 covered with waved bundles of appreflcd hairs. Found on 

 the mountain of St. Thomas in Malabar by Koenig. 1 1. B. 

 trocumbens. Lour. Cochinch. 3"7. "Unarmed; leaves lan- 

 ceolate, crenate, hifpid ; heads terminal." This is a procum- 

 bent twifted rough underflirub ; leaves oppoiite, broad-lan- 

 ceolate ; flowers yellow ; braftes acuminate, ciliate ; feg- 

 nients of the calyx fubulate, hairy ; capfule oblong, angu- 

 lar, with orbicular feeds. A native of China, near Canton. 



Propagation and Culture. All the fpecies of this genus re- 

 quire the proteftion of a bark-ftove. The fecond, fourth, 

 filth, and eighth were cultivated by Miller, but the others 



BAR 



have not yet been introduced here. The fecond is to be 

 propagated by feeds, wiiich will fow thenifclves in the pots 

 which are near them in the ftove, when the plants are once 

 obtained ; but where the feeds are received from abroad, 

 they mult be fown on a hot-bed on the fpring ; and when the 

 plants arc fit to remove, they muil be each planted in a fe- 

 parate pot, plunged into a hot-bed of tanners' bark, where 

 they muft conllantly remain, and be managed in the fame 

 manner as other tender exotxs from the fame countries ; 

 giving them water frequently in fummer, and allowing them 

 frefli air every day in warm weather. They flower from 

 June till November. The fourth has flexible perennial ftalks, 

 which, if cut off during the fummer months and made into 

 lengths of fix or ei,'ht inches, and planted in pots, plung. 

 ing them into hot-beds, and duly watered and {haded from 

 tlie fun, will foon put forth roots, when they may be each 

 planted in a fmall pot and plunged into the tan-bed in the 

 fto-e, where they are found to grow better than in the diy 

 ftove. This fpecies rarely produces flowers in England. 

 Tile fifth and eighth forts will produce feeds which are to 

 be treated in the fame manner as the former. See Marty n's 

 'Miller's Dift. 



BARLETTA, in Geography, a fea-port town of Italy, 

 in the kingdom of Naples and country of Bari, on the 

 Adriatic, 4 miles weft of Trani. The infide of this city is 

 magnificently built, though it has from without a ruinous 

 af])cft, and is thinly peopled. Frequent changes of niaftcrs, 

 bad adminiftration, and decay ot commerce, have blafted its 

 profpcrity. Its ftrcets are wide and well })aved, and its 

 houfes large and lofty. The ftyle of building fixes their 

 date at the firft emergence of the arts out of the chaos of 

 barbarifm ; Hiany of the houfes ftill retaining pointed arches, 

 f.iort twifted columns, and other remains of Saracenic tafte ; 

 while others are decorated with pillars, entablatures, and 

 members characteriftic of the ancient Grecian architefture. 

 The city owes its enibellifhments to the policy of the Arra- 

 goniaii kings, who refided here to fecure the allegiance of 

 tile Pugliefe. In the cathedral, which is remarkable for its 

 antique granite columns, Ferdinand I. was crowned. In 

 the market-place (lands a colo{ral bronze (latuc,feventeen feet 

 three inches high, reprefenting, as it is fiippufed, the em- 

 peror Heraclius, who began his reign in 16 10. The citadel 

 is fpacious, and commands the port, confifting of feveral ir- 

 regular piers, but v.ithout any (helter from the north wind, 

 which fwceps the whole bafon. The exports from this 

 place are fait, corn, almonds, and liquorice, which latter grows 

 fpontaneoudy in the fwamps. During the hot months the 

 air is accounted unwholefome. Barletta is faid to have de- 

 rived its name from a tower, or drinking-houfe, fituate on 

 the road to Canns, having for its fign a barrel, " barilletta;" 

 and when the cities of Cannse and Car.ofa fell to decay, and 

 the advantages of trade drew people to the coaft, a nume- 

 rous colony gathered round this tower, and in 4S4, pope 

 Gelafius confecrated a church for the fettlcrs, which became 

 the cathedral of the united fees of Nazareth, Cannx, and 

 Monteverde. The emperor Frederick added greatly to 

 Barletta, and has been by fome called its founder. Others 

 fuppofc it to have been the Barduli of the Itineraries. In 

 the fifteenth century, Barletta was efteemed one of the four 

 ftrongeft fortredes in Italy ; the other three being Fabriano 

 in the Marca, Prato in Tufcany, and Crenia in Lombardy. 

 Swinb. Trav. vol. i. p. 275. N. lat. 41° 30'. E. long. 16" 



32'- 



BARLEY, in Botany, a gramineous, frumentaceous 



herb, whofe feeds are of the larger fort, being covered with 

 a hulk, growing in a fpike, and the grains bearded. See 

 HuRDEUM. 



Pearl 



