BAR 



coaft of Ireland, between Mizen-head, tlie Nol'mm of Pto- 

 lemy, and Browhead in the county of Cork. N. lat. ci*^ 

 •24'. W. lonj;. 9° 40'. 



BARLOWE, William, in Biography, was a defcen- 

 danl or the ancient f-imily of the Barlows in Wales, and born 

 in the county of EfTrx. He was at firll a monk in the 

 AugulUnc monallery of St. Ofilh in EiTcx ; and having 

 commenced his education in this place he finiftied it at Ox- 

 k)rd, where he obtained the degree of doftor in divinity. 

 He afterwards became prior of the canons of his order at 

 Billiam in Berkdiirc, and at the diflblntion of the )nonafte- 

 ries he rcfigned his houfe, and prevailed on many abbots and 

 priors to follow his example. In 1535 he was appoint- 

 ed hi (hop of St. Afaph, and in 1536 tranllated to St. Da- 

 vid's, where he formed the unfuccel'sfnl projcft of removing 

 the epifcopal fee to Caermarthen, as being fituated more in the 

 centre of the diocel'e. He was a favourite of king Henry 

 Vni., and was employed by him in the matter of his di- 

 vorce ; and he was alfo much elteemed by lady Ann Boleyn. 

 In 1547, he was trandated to Bath and Wells; but as he 

 was attached to the protettant religion, he was deprived of 

 his bilhoprick in 1553', upon queen Mary's acceflTion, on 

 pretence of his being married, and committed to the Fleet 

 prifon. Having made his efcape from confinement, he re- 

 tired with many others to Germany ; where he remained in 

 a poor and dillrefled condition till the happy inauguration 

 of queen EliEabeth. On this occafion he returned to his 

 Kitive country, and in 1559 was promoted to the fee ofChi- 

 chciler, where he died in 156'^. He was reckoned a learned 

 prelate ; but appears, notwithftanding his profefTion of the 

 proteftant religion, not to have pofleded the fpirit of a mar- 

 tyr. Befidts other pieces which he wrote, he was concern- 

 ed in the compilation of the treatife entitled " The Godly and 

 Pious Inftitution of a Chriftian Man," commonly called the 

 " Bifhop's Book," printed at London in 1537 ; and in the 

 reign of Edward VI. he is faid to have tranllated into Eng- 

 li(h the •' Apociypha" as far as the book of AVifdom. 

 He had five daughters, all of whom were married to biihops. 

 Biog. Brit. 



Barlovv'E, William, fon of the former, was born in 

 Pembrokelhire, and in 1560 entered at Baliol college. He 

 afterwards travelled, and became fliilful in navigation. On 

 his return he took orders in 1573, and obtained feveral pre- 

 ferments in the church, the lail of which was that of the 

 archdeaconry of Salifbury, to which he was promoted in 

 1614. He died at Eafton near Winchefter in 1625. In 

 his acquaintance with the nature and properties of the load- 

 ftone, he feems to have preceded Dr. William Gilbert, and 

 wrote upon this fubjeft twenty years before Gilbert's book 

 was publifheJ. He was the lirll: that made the inclinatory 

 jnflrun.ent tranfparent, and to be ufed han.nng with a glafs 

 on both fides and a ring at the top ; and he alfo contrived 

 to hang it in a compafs box, and to adapt it for ufe at 

 fea. He was alfo the firll perfon that difcovered the 

 difference between iron and fteel, and their refpeclive teir.- 

 pers, for magnetieal purpofes. He alto fhewed the right 

 method of touching magnetieal netdles, and fhewed how 

 to piece and cement load-ttones. Moreover he explained 

 the reafon why a load-ilone being double capped, takes 

 up fo great a weight. On thefe fubjetls he wrote the 

 following books, viz. " The Navigator's Supply, &c." 410. 

 JLond. 1597; "Ma.'netical Advertifement?, &c." 4to. 

 Lond. 1616; and " An Anfwer to Dr. Ridley's Aniinad- 

 verfions on this work." Biog. Brit. 



BARLOW, Thomas, a learned Englifh bifliop of 

 the 17th century, was born at LanghiU in the parilh of 

 Orto.i in Weftmoreland in 1607, and educated at Queen's 



BAR 



college m Oxford. In i^>3y, he was appointed reader of 

 metaphyfics in the \iniverfit), and his lectures were pub- 

 lifhed. On the furrinder of Oxford to t!ie parliament in 

 1646, he retained his fcllowfhip, and in 1652 was appointed 

 keeper of the Bodleian library. In 1657, he was chofen 

 provolt of his college. Upon the refloration he contrived 

 to be chofen one of the commiffioncrs for relloiing the 

 members tiiat had been wrongfully ejefted in 164X, and 

 in 1660 was created doftor of divinity and Margaret pro- 

 feffor in that department. In this year he wrote " The 

 Cafe of a Toleration in Matter;, of Religion," which lie 

 extended farther t'aan any divines of that age. As he 

 was dillinguilhed for his (Icill in the civil and canon law, 

 he was often applied to as a cafuill ; and in 1671, he wrote 

 Mr. " Cottington's Cafe of Divorce." In 1675, he was 

 promoted, notwithtlanding the oppofition of arehbifhop 

 Sheldon, to the bilhoprick of Lincoln ; and after his ad- 

 vancement wrote feveral pieces particularly againft popery, 

 which i'crved to found the alarm with refpeft to the danger 

 of a popifla fuccelfor. However on the acceflTion of James 

 II., he was one of the moft forward in procuring thanks to 

 the king for his declaration in favour of liberty of con- 

 feience, and he vindicated the regal power of difpenfing 

 with penal laws ; which condndt fome liave cenlured as ma- 

 nifelling an unwarrantable accommr)dation to the times, and 

 others have afcribcd to his love ol toleration. With the re- 

 volution he adopted its principles, and avowed his allegiance 

 to the fucceffors of James. As to his fentiments, he was in 

 theology a rigid Calvinilt ; and in philofophy a ilrict Arif- 

 totelian, and an enemy to tlie new mode of experiment en- 

 couraged by the Royal Society. As a bifhop he ncgleftcd 

 his duties in his cathedral and dioccfe, and rtfided conilantly 

 at his manor feat at Bugdeii ; reverthelefs his tolerating 

 fpirit and oppofition to poperj- feem to have produced in 

 the author of the " Confeffional" a fingular prediletlion in 

 his favour. He died at Bugden in 1691, in the 85th year 

 of his age ; and he was eminently diltinguifhed by his learn- 

 ing and liberality. The works of this bilhop, printed after 

 his death, were a volume of " Cafes of Confcience," re- 

 folved by him, 8vo. 1692; and his "Genuine Remains," 

 8vo. 1639. Biog. Brit. 



Barlow, Francis, a painter of birds, beaft, and fifli, 

 was born in Lincolnfliirc, and excelled in drawing evei-y fpe- 

 cies of animals with great correftncfs ; but his knowledge 

 of colouring was very imperfeft. This artill died in 1 702. 

 Pilkington. 



BARM, otherwife called ycaft ; the head or workings 

 producing by the fermentation of ale or beer. It is the 

 froth that forms on the furface of beer or wine of grains 

 during their fermentation ; which, mixing with dough, 

 raiies it move quickly and better than leaven, and makes 

 the lighted bread. See Leaven, and Yeast. 



BARMACH, in Geography, a lofty mountain of Pcrfia, 

 in the province of Schirvan near the Cafpian fea. 



BARMANCOTTY, a town of Afia, in the country' of 

 Thibet, five miles fouth of Sirinagur, and thirteen nortii of 

 Deuprag. 



BARMEA, Ha'ucn, is a large bay, fituated about four 

 miles S.W. by W. from cape Machicaco, two leagues N.E. 

 by N. from Piacentia, and four from Bilboa. 



BARMEN, a town of Germany, in the circle of Wefl- 

 phalia and duchy of Berg, fituate in a fertile valley to 

 which it gives name, five miles north of Launep. 



BARMINE denotes fuch mine or ore as is adjudged at 

 a court of barghmote. 



BARMOUTH, in Geography, is a fmall watering place in 

 the parifli of Llanaber, Meriontthfliire, North Wales. The 



houfea 



