BAR 



BAR 



Invernefsfhire, in Scotland, has remained for many sges in 

 the poircfTion of t!ie Macnie'.s of Barray or Baira. It is well 

 ftorcd with black cattle, and fruitful in barley and oats. 

 The manufacflnre of kelp is carried on with confiderable 

 profit in this ifland. Cod and ling aie caught on the eail 

 coaft in great quantities ; and the fi(hermcn alfo take fome 

 dry-fi.Ti, the oil of which they bum in their lamps, and they 

 fell that which is not confumtd by themfclves at jd. or 8d. the 

 Scots pint. Shell-iini, and particularly cockles, are abundant : 

 the cockles are found in the great fand at the north end of 

 the ifland, and afford a veiy plentiful iupply of fjbfiilence to 

 the inhabitants. The fiP.iery, however, has been much ne- 

 glected. This idand is fomewhat hilly; in extent it is nearly 

 8 miles long and 4 broad ; it h populous, notwithftand- 

 ing the late emigrations to America, and it is faid to con- 

 tain about 1604 inhabitants. The natives are in general 

 Roman Catholics. It is fituated nearly fouth from South 

 Will:, and almoil: communicates with Benbecula at low 

 water, and on this account they are both comprehended 

 fomttimes under the name of Long iiland. Its coaft; on the 

 weil iide is low and flat, but on the eaft fide deep and ir- 

 regular. N. lat. 57° 2'. W. long. 7° 30'. 



Barra Lough, a lake of Ireland, in the county of Done- 

 gal, through which the river Guibarra flows : 20 miles north 

 of Donegal. 



BARRABA. See Baraba. 



BARRABOA, a town of Africa, in the country of 

 Magadoxa. 



BARRAC L(,:igh, a lake of Ireland, in the county of 

 Monaghan, on the weftern fide of which is fituated the 

 town of Caftle Blavnev. 



BARRACKS.' See Baracks. 



BARRACOL, in Ichthyology, a name given by Artedi, 

 from the Venetians, to exprefs the fpecies of ray-fi(li, called 

 by Bellonius and Gtfner mlralelus, and by others raia oculala 

 la'As. 



The fpecific name of Artedi carries in it a much better 

 charafler of the fifh ; he calls it the ray, with a fmoolh 

 back and belly, and with the eyes furrounded with a ferics 

 of fpines, and three other rows of them on the tail. 



BARRA-CoNDA, in Geography, a town of Africa, in 

 the country of Nigritia, feated on the river Gambia. 



BARRACOO, or as the failors call it. Berk a, or Ber- 

 Ku, lies on the weft coaft of Africa, 6 or 7 leagues W.S.W. 

 from Acra, and is known at fea by two very high moun- 

 tains behind it, one of which is double at the top with a 

 fnddle, and they are covered with trees. Some rocks lie off 

 in the fta juft before it. and form a kind of haven. 



BARRACOPE, lies on the weft coaft of Africa, feven 

 leagues E.S.E. from. St. Mar)''s, and at the fame diftance 

 from the river Junk in the fame direftion on the other hand. 

 This coaft abounds with negroe towns, and alfo with trees 

 and water. 



BARRAD, a town of Arabia, 40 miles fouih-eaft of 



BARRADY. See Barady. 



BARRAGAN, or Barracan, in Commerce, a kind of 

 ftulf belonging to the clafs of camblets, only of a grain much 

 coarfer than the reft, manufactured in divers parts of France 

 and Flanders, chiefly at Abbeville, Amiens, Rouen, and 

 Lifle, and now in England. 



The word is barbarous Latin, formed, as fome fuppofc, 

 from harra, q. d. karrarum formam referent. Du-Cange. 

 The chief ufe of bnrragons, called alfo by the French lou- 

 racans, is for furtouts, or upper garments againft the rain, 

 being, when good, of fo clofe a grain, that the water will 

 not fuak through, but only run upon them. 



Vol. in. 



For the woof, its thread is fingle, twilled, and fine fpun ; 

 that of the warp is double or triple, i. e. compofcd of two 

 or three threads well twifted together. The ufual matter 

 it is made of, is wool ; though there are fome made at 

 Rouen, where the warp is hemp, and the woof wool. Some 

 barragans, again, are made of wool, dyed before it comes to 

 the loom ; others are woven white, and dyed afterwards, 

 red, black, blue, brown, S:c. They are not fulled, but only 

 boiled two or three times in fair water, when they come from 

 the loom ; then calendered to make them fmooth and even ; 

 and laflly, made into rolls called pieces of barragan. 



BARRAL, Peter, in Biography, a French abbe, was 

 born at Grenoble, and removing to Paris, at an early- 

 period of his life, took up the office of a fchcol-mafter.. He 

 died there July 21, 1772. His chief literary work is a 

 " DiiSionnaire hiftorique, litteraire, et critique des Hommes 

 Celebres," 6 vols. SSvo. 1759. It was nicknamed the Mar- 

 tyrology of Janfenifm, compiled by a convulfionnaire. Al- 

 though this work betrays too much of the fpirit of party, 

 the aiticles of learned authors, poets, orators, and hterary 

 men, are generally compiled with judgment and tafte. 

 Barral hasalfo puLlifhed an abllract of the letters of madame 

 de Sevigne in i2mo. under the title of " Sevigniana ," and 

 a valuable abridgment of the " Dictionnaire des Antiquites 

 Romaines," bv Pitifc\;s, in 2 vols. 8vo. He was a man of 

 erudition, and of lively converfation ; and the Ityle of his 

 writings is vigorous and manly, though fometiraes negligent 

 and incorreft. Biog. DiCl. 



BARRA-MAHAL, or Barra-Maul, denoting the 

 "twelve places," in Geography, a valley called alfo Vaniam- 

 baddy, in the peninfula of India, containing 12 fortreffes of 

 fome note : viz. Killnagheri, Jegadivy, Candely, Congoonda, 

 Vanianibaddy, Mahrauzegar, Cochingur, Cooturagur, Ba- 

 zingur, Tripatore, Tadcull, and Giganguny. 



BARRAN, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Gers, and chief place of a canton in the diftriit of Auch, 

 containing about 700 inhabitants; 2 leagues W.S.W. of 

 Auch. 



BARRANCA, a town of South America, in Peru, 

 with a harbour, in the Pacific ocean. The jurifdidlion of 

 Guaura begins at this town. The number of houfes does 

 not exceed 60 or 70, and yet the town is populous, many 

 of its inhabitants being Spaniards. Near the town is a 

 river of the fame name, which divides into three branches. 

 The port is to leeward of a fmall low point. S. lat. 10° 30'. 

 W. long. 42° 4'. 



BARRA RD A, in Anc'ur.t Geography, a town of Afia, 

 in Paropamifus. Ptolemy. 



BARRATI, barred, an appellation given to the Car- 

 melites after they were obliged to lay afide the white cap, 

 and wear cowls ilriped black and white. 



BARRATRY is ufed for bribery or corruption in a 

 judge giving a falfe fentence for money. 



Barratry, in Commerce. See Baratry. 



This term comprehends any fpecies of fraud, knavery, 

 deceit, or cheating, committed by the mafter or mariners of 

 a Ihip, by which the owners fuftain an injury ; as by run- 

 ning away with the ihip, wilfully carrying her out of the 

 courfe prefcribed by the owners, finking or deferting her, 

 embezzling the cargo, fmuggling, or any other offence, 

 whereby the (hip or cargo may be fubjeft to arreft, deten- 

 tion, lofs, or forfeiture. Hence, in cafes of infurance, 

 if the breach afligned in the declaration on a policy was the 

 lofs of the fhip " by the fraud and negligence of the mafter," 

 this was determined to be a fufficient averment of a lofs by 

 barratry. At Amfterdam, Hamburgh, Middlcburgh, and 

 fome other maritime towns, infurers arc, by pofitive law, 

 4 U made 



