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with the modern lanyjuages was cxtenfivc, and he made 

 tranflations from the French and the Spanifli. Such was 

 his attachment to hterary (Indies, that he renounced every 

 other employment and retired to Lciplic for the purpufe 

 of profecuting them without interruption ; and fo numerous 

 were his works, hoth printed and mannfcript, that, accord- 

 ing to the account of Mr. Baylc, few clerks in office liiive 

 tranfcribed more papers than Barthius. As to his morals 

 they were not very correcl, and like miiny other men of letters 

 he engajjed in fevcral literary fquabblcs. Towards the dole 

 of his lite, however, he devoted himfclf wholly to his reh- 

 gioQs duties : and it appears from his "Soliloquies," pub- 

 liihed in 1654, that he was thus fedulondy employed. He 

 died, after having been twice married, in 1658, at the age 

 of 71 years. The chief of his works are his " Adverfaria," 

 printed at Frankfort in 1624, fol. comprehended in 60 books, 

 and containing numerous emendations and illuitnitions of 

 authors, both facred and profane, to which he addtd two 

 other fnch volumes left in MS. ; his " Latin verlion of 

 .^neas Gaza on the immortality of the foul," with an edi- 

 tion of the original joined to the woik of " Z:ichary of 

 Mitylene," Leipf. 410. 1655 ; " Nota: in Claudiano," 410. 

 Frankfort 1650; " Comment, in Statio," 3 vols. 4*0. 1664. 

 As he trailed wholly to his memory, and never correclcd 

 what he had written, his works abound with miftakes and 

 contradiftions. Gen. Diet. 



BARTHOLINE, Caspar, fon of a refpeftable clergy- 

 man at Melanoe in Scania, a province of Sweden, and born 

 the 1 2th of February 1515, gave early figns of an uncommon 

 capacity, which his father took care to cultivate, by giving 

 him the bed inllruftion his circumilances would permit in 

 his own country. Being well grounded in the learned lan- 

 guages, he went, prompted by his thiril for knowledge, to 

 Roilock, Wittenburg, and in fucceffion, to the principal 

 fchools in Germany, France, and Italy, travelling generally 

 on foot, his finances not permitting him to ufe the ordinary 

 conveyances. Having accumulated a vail ftock of learning, 

 in languages and philofophy, but particularly in anatomy and 

 medicine, to which his genius peculiarly inclined him, in 

 1610 he commenced doftor of phyfic at Bafil ; and the 

 following year, going to Copenhagen, he was firll made pro- 

 feffor of the Latin language, and in 1613 of medicine, in 

 the univcrfity there. This poll he continued to fill until the 

 vear 1624, till mindful of a vow he had made, when af- 

 jliitled with a fcvere illnefs, that if he fhould recover he 

 ^vould dedicate a portion of his life to the fludy of divinity, 

 he abjured medicine '-{pr theology, to which he addifted 

 Limfelf for the remainder of his life ; enjiying, with the oro- 

 feflbrfhip of thtjology, to which he was preferred at the 

 univerlity of Copenhagen, a canonry at Rofchild. He 

 died July 30, 1629, at Sora, a fmall town in the ifland of 

 Zealand, leaving, as we learn from an infcription on his mo- 

 nument at Copenhagen, where he was buried, fix fons and 

 one daughter. His publications were numerous ; and though 

 not always well chofen as to the fubjtfts, and adopting in 

 them many popular and erroneous opinions fuice exploded, 

 yet they were of confiderable utility by exciting a fpirit of 

 inquiry ; to which we may attribute fome at lead of the 

 difcoveries in anatomy, and other branches of natural hif- 

 tory, made about that time. A complete catalogue of his 

 woks is given by Vander Linden, and by Haller, in his 

 Eib. Anatom. & Med. The following will be fufficieiit to 

 be noticed here. " Anatomicae inftitutiones, corporis hu- 

 mini utriufque fcxus hilloriam et declarationem exhibentcs." 

 Wittenburg, 161 1, 8vo. This work, much improved and 

 «ularged by his fon Thomas, has pafTed through numerous 



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editions. " Enchyridion phyficum, ex prifcis et reccntio- 

 nbus pliilofophis accurate concinnatum," Argent. 1625, 

 I2mo. " Opufcula qnatuor fingularia. I. De unicor- 

 nu, cjufquc affiiiibus ct fuccedaneis. 2. De Lapide Ne- 

 phritico, et Amulatis. 3. De Pygmais. 4. De ftudio 

 medico inchoando, continuando, et abfolvendo." Haffnijs, 

 1628, I2mo. " Syntagma Medicum & Chirurgicum, dc 

 cauttrii:, prxfertim potellate agentibus." Hafinia:, 1642, 

 l2'riO. Halltr. Bib. Med. et Anatom. Eloy. Dicl. 

 H;ll. 



Bartholine, Thomm, the fecond fon of Cafpar, was 

 born at Copenhagen in 1616. Equalling, perhaps excelling, 

 his father in genius, learning, and induilry, with more am- 

 ple means for profecuting his Ihidies, and enjoying a much 

 longer portion of life, his advances in literature and philofo- 

 phy were proportioiiably greater. After being well grounded 

 in clafi'ical learning nl Copenhagen, iuHov,;ng the example 

 of his father, he travelled over the greatcll part of Europe, 

 converfing with the moft learned men in every place he vi- 

 fited, to whom the fame acquired by his father g'lvc him 

 ready accefs. At Leyden, where he commenced his medi- 

 cal lludies, he alfo acquired a knowledge of Arabic under 

 the celebrated Golius. He then went to Paris and Mont- 

 pellitr, and after rcfiding a proper time at thofe places, to 

 Padua, which he defcribt.s in his book " De Peregrinatione 

 Medica" as one of the bed anatomical fchools in Europe. 

 At Padua he continued three years.imbibing there thofe llores 

 of knowledge which laid the foundation of his future ho- 

 nours. Returning to Copenhagen, after an abfence of eight 

 years, he vifited Bafil, where he was created doflor in me- 

 dicine, in 1645. At Copenhagen, he was firft made pro- 

 fcffor of mathematics, and the year following, of anatomy, in 

 which he foon became a fhining ornament. But though the 

 fcience of medicine had engrolfed the greatcll part of his 

 attention, no fmall portion of his time had been fpent in 

 acquiring knowledge in other branches of piiilofophy, as 

 well as in philology and antiquities, as appears by his nu- 

 merous diifertations elucidating thofe fubjeils. He very 

 early embraced the doclrine of the circulation of the blood 

 difcovered by Harvey, an expofition of which he added to 

 a new edition of the " Inllitutiones Anatomicae," pub- 

 liihed 165 1. To the difcoveries of Aftiiius and Pecquet, 

 of the lacleals and thoracic duft, he added that of the 

 lymphatics, of which he publiihed an account in 1653, un- 

 der the title of " Vafa lymphatica, nuper Kaffnis m ani- 

 mantibus inventa et in homine," Haffnix apud G. Holll. 

 4to. Thefe veiTels had been fecn about the fame time by 

 Jolliff and Rudbcck ; and Haller, who examined with at- 

 tention the claims of the feveral parties, gives to Rudbeck 

 the honour of the invention, but to Bartholine that of hav- 

 ing traced and defcribed them with the greatelt accuracy. 

 Having filled the chair of profeffor of anatomv with the high- 

 ell reputation for fourteen years, he retired in i65l to his 

 eftate at Hogellatt, that he might have more leifure to pro- 

 fccute his Itudies. One of his earlieil publications from this re- 

 treat fecms to have been his " Catalogus Opfrum fuorum 

 hadlenus editorum, extat cum obfcrvationibus variis de nivis 

 ufu medico," Half. 1661, 8vo. This catalogue, though then 

 very large, was afterwards more than doubled. A com- 

 plete catalogue of his works was pnblilhed byThomas B. one 

 of his fons, in 168 1. In 1670, his houfe, with his lar-re 

 and valuable library, and manufcripts containing embryos 

 of intended works, and large colleftions for further improv- 

 ing and enlarging thofe already publifhed, were burnt, and 

 he was again driven into the world. As fome compenfation 

 for his lols he was made phvfician and auiic coucfcllor to 



the 



