CYCLOP ^DIA: 



I'? 12) 

 v.-f 



OR, A NEW 



UNIVERSAL DICTIONARY 



OF 



A R T S and SCIENCES. 



BAT 



BATTERY Point, in Geography, lies on the north or 

 ftarboard ihore of the channel of Cork, in Ireland. 

 Battery, formed of haftre, to beat or Jlrike, in 

 the Military Art, denotes an eminence call up, on which 

 to plant artillery, that it may play to better advantage. It 

 confifts of an epaulement, parapet, or breafl-work, about 

 eight fi;et high, and eighteen or twenty thick. The plat- 

 form of a battery is laid with planks, that the wheels of the 

 carriages may not fink ; and it is made floping towards the 

 parapet, that the guns may not recoil much, and that they 

 may be more eafily drawn back. See Plate II. Fortif, 

 fg. 2 r. n. 2. and Plate VII. ^^. 38. 



In all batteries, the open fpaces left to put the muzzles 

 of the great guns out at, are called emlrafurn ; and the di- 

 ftances between the embrafures, merlons. The guns are ge- 

 nerally from twelve to fixteen feet diftar.t from one another, 

 that the parapet may be ftrong, and the gunners may have 

 room to work. 



There are alfo hattertes of mortars, the fame with thofc 

 of cannon, except that they have no emlrafures ; the (hells 

 being fired over the parapet, commonly at an ani^le of 45° 

 elevation : and the flope of the bread work is made inwards, 

 contrary to that of other parapets; having their platforms 

 about fix feet fquare and eight feet afundcr. 



The battery of a camp is ufually furroundcd with a trench 

 and pallifades at the bottom, as alfo with a parapet on the 

 top, having as many holes as there are pieces of artillery, 

 and two redoubts on the wings, or certain places of arms. 



Vol. IV. 



capable of covering the troops which are appointed for 

 their defence. 



All field batteries confift of four parts, viz. the tlitcf}, 

 the parapet, the platform, and the magazine; which fee re- 

 fpeftively. 



The Sieur Remy, in his Memoirs of Artillery, has given 

 a table for the ready finding of all the requifites for the con- 

 ftruftion of temporary batteries, and for their daily fervice, 

 the pieces being twenty-four pounders ; and although thefc 

 batteries are calculated only for fieges, andare of the coffer- 

 kind, yet from this table may be derived fuch notions as 

 will greatly help young artifts on other occafions. 



_ It is alfo proper to mention the number of fafcines and 

 pickets that is ufually expected every day from the labour 

 of each man employed in that fervice. 



Of fafcines 5 or 6 feet long, and 5 or 6 inches thick, 

 bound with two wyth bands each, one man will make 16 or 

 18 in a day, with two pickets to each. 



Of fafcines 8 or 9 feet long by 8 or 9 inches thick, and 

 two pickets to each, oue man ufually makes 10 or 12 in a 

 day. 



Of fafcines 12 feet long by 9 inches thick, with three 

 pickets to each, 8 or 10 ^.c ufually expcded from the day's 

 work of one man. 



The days here underftood are fuch in which the men may 

 work about twelve hours. "*■ 



lu the following table C. (lands for hundred. 



^ A Table 



444045 



printed by A. Sir.nhan, 



