BAT 



BAT 



effect ; becaufe -what one bullet fiiakes, the other beats 

 down." 



Battery en Barie, Barhet, or Open Battery, is a name 

 given to a batteiy, when tlie floor of part of it is fo raifed 

 tliat the guns placed on it have an advantageous command 

 over fome part of the neighbourhood, and when the guns 

 thus raifed fire over the crown of the parapet without any 

 enibrafure. Thefe barbets may be made either in a cuilin, 

 or at the faliant angle of a flanker. They (hould be always 

 2§ or 3 feet lower than the crown of the parapet, and 

 about 8 or 9 yards broad at the top, with a proper flope to 

 the bafe, of a length fuitable to the number of guns to be 

 mounted on theit;, allowing about five or fix yards for each, 

 and at eacli end have a proper ramp for afcending them. 

 For the further illiiftration of their nature and conllruclion, 

 let PQJIVX {Plate III. Fortlf. fg. 2^.) be a common 

 bank of a hue, tlie parapet of which is RSTV ; the ianer 

 flooe RS beirg about 6 or 7 feet higher than QR ; then 

 the bank ?nnoR, raifed fo high that the cannon may iire 

 over the crpwn of the parapet ST, is the barbet, the height 

 of %vhich. np is about 3 or 4 feet. On the top of tlie bar- 

 bet is raifed a piattorm, as in other batteries. Let the 

 figures z6 and 27 reprefeiit part of the plan of a line, and 

 one of its flankers, or of a battery conitrufted in fuch a 

 form ; where Aa is the length of the barbet, or raifed bat- 

 tery, fuited to the number of guns to be uled, which are 

 to be drawn up the ramps placed at the ends ; the breadths 

 being about 8 or 9 feet, and the length ab about 7 or 8 yards. 



Battery, Cava!i-r. See Cavalier. 



Battery d'EnJilads, is one which fweeps the whole 

 length of a flraiglit line, a ftreet, &c. 



Battery en Echarp^, is that which plays obliquely. 



Battery de Rev:rs, or Murdering Battery, is one that 

 plays on the back of any place ; and being placed on an 

 eminence, fees into it. 



BATTERY^oin/, or par camerade, or cam^r^-//^, is when fe- 

 veral guns play at the fame time upon one place. 



Battery en Rouage, is that ufed to difmount the ene- 

 my's cannon. 



Battery a Ricochet, is adapted to the method of rico- 

 chet firing, firft invented and praftiied by Vauban, at the 

 liege of Aeth in 1692. The guns are loaded with fmall 

 charges, and are elevated, fo as to fire over the parapet ; 

 and the Hiot is hereby made to roll along tlie oppofite ram- 

 part. This method of firing with guns has fince been ap- 

 plied to mortars and howitzers with great fuccefs. 



Battery Coffer, is that where the lides of the wall and 

 merlons only are formed of fafciues, and all the cavities or 

 included fpaces filled with earih. 



To conllrudl a battery of this kind, mark o".t with aline 

 the limits of the parapet eighteen or twenty feet thick ; 

 and three or four feet before the parapet, mark out with 

 lines or ftakes the limits of the ditch, ten or twelve feet 

 broad, or even more, if earth is wanted ; allowing eight yards 

 in length for one gun, and fix yards more for every other g^n. 

 On the outlines of the parapet cut a trench five or fix inches 

 wide and deep, and there lay a row of fafcines, the ends 

 being jammed one into the other ; and let them be flaked 

 down. Lay on tliem another row, fo that the joinings of 

 thefe may not be diieftly over the joinings of the lower one, 

 and let all the knots of the bands be turned inwards ; ftake 

 thefe down ; and on them lay in like manner a third and 

 fourth row, &c. until the height be about three feet. The 

 fame kind of work being done at the ends, and for the 

 epaulement if wanted, the coffer for the wall will be finifhed. 

 Then let the men be difpofed along the place intended for 

 the ditch, and with proper tools break the gr-und and 



throw it into the coffer ; where, as the earth is thrown in, 

 other men are to fpread it, and ftamp it down with rammers ; 

 and thus the coffer is to be filled. When the wall is finifhed, 

 let the embrafures be flaked out (fecMERLCK), and a coffer 

 formed in hke manner for each merlon, which is alfo to be 

 filled with earth, and rammed dov/n. Proceed to complete 

 it in the fame manner with the Fascine Battery. 

 Battery, Fa/cine. See Fasgi-ne Battery. 

 Battery, Gabion. See Gabion. 



Battery, in Law, denotes an aft that tends to the 

 breach of the peace of the realm, by unlawfully ftriking, 

 beating, or offering other v-iolence to another perfon. 



Battery is frequently confounded with affault, though in 

 law they are different offences ; becaufe, in the trefpats for 

 affault and batterv-, one may be found guilty of tlie af- 

 fault, yet not convicted of the battery : there may there- 

 fore be affault without battery ; but battery always implies 

 an affault. The leaft touching of another's perfon wilfully, 

 or in anger, is a batter)- ; for the law cannot draw the line 

 between differe.Tt ('egrees of violence, and therefore totally 

 prohibits the firfl and loweft flage of it : every man's ptr- 

 fon being facred, and no otner having, a right to meddle 

 with it in any the flig'ntefl manner. Upon a fimilar princi- 

 ple the Cornelian law "de injuriis" prohibited " pulfation" 

 as well as " verberation ;" dillinguilhing verberation accom- 

 panied with pain from puliation without any. However, 

 battery is in fome cafes juflifiah'e or lawful ; as where one 

 who hath authority, a parent w mailer, gives moderate cor- 

 rection to his child, his fcholar, or his apprentice. Thus 

 alfo on the principle of felf-defence, if one llrikes me firll, 

 or even only affaults me, I may flrike in my own de- 

 fence, and if fued for it, may plead " fon afTault demefne," 

 or that it was the plaintiff's own original affault that occa- 

 fioned it. So likewife in defence of my goods 'or poffefiion, 

 if a man endeavours to deprive me of them, I may juflify 

 laying hands upon him to prevent him ; and if he perfi'.l 

 with violence, I may proceed to beat him away, i Fincli. 

 L. 203. Thus too, in the exercife of an office, as that of 

 churchwarden or beadle, a man may lay hands upon ano- 

 ther to turn him out of church, and prevent his dillurbing 

 the congregation, i Sid. 301. And if fued for this or the 

 like battery, he may fet forth the whole cafe, and plead 

 that he laid hands upon him gently, " moUiter manus impo- 

 fuit," for this purpofe. On account of thefe caufes of j uni- 

 fication, battery is defined to be the " unlawful" beating of 

 another ; for which the remedy is, as for affault, by aftion 

 of " trefpafs vi jt armis," in which the jurj' will give ade- 

 quate damages. Atrocious battery is fu'QJeft to trial by 

 infpeclion in putfuance of the order of the court ; in which 

 cafe the battery mufl be alleged fo certainly in the declara- 

 tion, that it may appear to be the fame with the battery 

 infpefted. In the cafe of a perfon's beating the fervant of 

 another, befides the remedy of an aclion of battery or im- 

 prifonment, which the fervant hiinfclf may have againll the 

 aggreffor, the mailer alfo, as a recompence for his immediate 

 lofs, may maintain an aftion of trefpafs, " vi ex. armis," in 

 which he mufl allege and prove tlie fpecial damage he ha* 

 fullained by the beating of his fervant, " per quod fervitium 

 amifit ;" and then the jury will make him a proportionable 

 pecuniary fatisfaftion. A fimilar practice obtained among 

 the Athenians ; with whom mailers were entitled to an ac- 

 tion againft fuch as beat or ill-treated their fcrvants. A 

 perfon guilty of battery againft a clergyman, is hable t» 

 three kinds of profccution for the fame offence ; an indift- 

 ment for the breach of the king's peace, a civil aiflion far 

 damages, and a fuit in the ecclefiailical court ; firil, " pro 

 corretiione et falute anims" by enjoining penance, and the« 

 B 2 ;i£aia 



