B E A 



footed animals, fit for food, labour, or fport, SccBrcte, 

 and ZooLOGv. 



Authors make tliis difference between " beads of the fo- 

 reft" and "of chafe," that the firll are " filveftres tantuiii," 

 the latter " campeflres tantum." " Bealts of the foreft" 

 make their abode all the day time in the great coverts and 

 fccret places of the woods ; and in the night feafon thev re- 

 pair into the lavvas, meadows, paflures, and pleafant tecd- 

 ing-places : whence their denomination " fdvcftrc-s," q. d. 

 beatls of the wood. 



" Beads of the chafe" refide all the day time in the fields, 

 and on the mountains afar oti, to prevent furprifc ; but 

 on night's approach, they feed, as the rt ft, in meadows, 

 &c. whence their appellation " campeftres," q. d. beads 

 of the field. 



In our Statute books, "beads of chafe" are five ; the 

 buck, dee, fox, martin, and roe. " Beads of the fored," 

 called beads of venery, are the buck, hind, boar, and wolf : 

 and "beads and fowls of the warren" are, the hare, coney, 

 pheafant, and partridge. See Game. 



No other, according to Manwood, are accounted beads 

 or fowls of warren, than hares, coneys, pheafants, and par- 

 tridges. Lord Coke is of another opinion, dlftinguidiing 

 beads of th; warren, from fowls of the warren. Under the 

 former he includes hares, coneys, and roes : the latter he 

 divides iv.toji/ve/lrts, campe/Ires, and aquatiks. To the fird 

 belong the pheafant, woodcock, &c. to the fecond the par- 

 tridge, quail, rail, &c. to the third the mallard, hern, Sec. 

 Coke on Littleton, p. 233. 



Beast of burden is underftood of all quadrapeds employed 

 in carrying goods on their backs. To this clafs belong 

 elephants, dromedaries, camels, horfes, mules, afles, and the 

 fticep of Mexico and Peru. 



Beast, in Games of Chance, a game at cards, played thus ; 

 the bed cards are the king, queen, &c. of which are formed 

 three heaps, denominated the king, the play, and the troilet. 

 Three, four, or five may play ; and to every one are dealt 

 five cards. Before the play every one ftakes to the three 

 heaps. He that wins mod tricks takes up the heap called 

 the play : he that has the king takes up the heap, fo caDed ; 

 and he that has three of any fort, as three fours, three fives, 

 three fixes, &c. takes up the troikt heap. 



Beast at ombre is where the player or perfon that under- 

 takes the game, lofes it to the other two ; the penaUy of 

 which is a forfeiture equal to the ftake played for. 



BEASTAN, in Geography, a town of Peifia, in the pro- 

 Vnce of Segedan, 80 miles S. W. of Kin. 



Beasts, rother, feeRoTHER. 



BEAT, in Fencing, denotes a blow or ftroke given with 

 the fvvord. There are two kinds of beats, ttie fird perform- 

 ed with the foible of a man's fvvord on the foible of his ad- 

 rerfary's, which in the fchools is commonly called baterie, 

 from the French batre, and is chiefly ufed in a purfuit, to 

 make an open upon the adverfary. The fecond and bed 

 kind of beat is performed with the fort of a man's fvvord 

 upon the foible of his aJverfai'y's, not with a fpring, as in 

 binding, but with a jerk, or dry beat ; and is therefore moll 

 proper for the parades without or within the fv\'ord, becaufe 

 ot the rebound a man's fword has thereby iVom his adver- 

 fary's, whereby he procures to himfeif the better and I'urer 

 opportunity of rilpoftlng. 



Beat, St., in Geography, a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of the upper Garonne, and chief place of a canton, 

 in the didrid of St. Gaudens^ on tlie Garonne. Ail the 

 houfes arc built of marble, the neighbourhood fiipplying no 

 other materials. It is feated between two mountains, clnfe 

 to the town on each fide. N. lat. 42*^ 50'. W. long, i'' C 



BE A 



Beat, St., mountaiaf of, are mountains of Swiffcrland 

 in the canton of Berne, near the lake Thun ; the rocks of 

 which are calcareous and rugged, and containing in a few 

 places broken pctrifadions. Some of thefe rocks arc per- 

 pendicular, and even impending, and are marked at different 

 elevations with furrows, occafioned by the v.aters of the lake, 

 which in former periods was probably fcvcral hundred feet 

 above its preient level. 



Beat, in Horology. See Beats. 



Beat, in the Manege. A horfe is faid to beat the dud, 

 when, at each ftroke or motion, he does not take in ground 

 or way enough with his fore-legs. He is more particularly 

 faid to beat the duft at terra a terra, when he does not 

 take in ground enough with his fhoulder-;, making his 

 ftrokes or m.otions too (hort, as if he made them all in 

 one place. He beats the duft at curvets, when he does 

 them too precipitantly and too low. He beats upon a 

 walk, when he walks too fiiort, and thus rides but Uttle 

 ground, whether it be in ftraight lines, rouuds, or paffings. 



Beat upon the hand, fee Chack. 



Beat of the Drum, in the Military Art, is differently per- 

 formed, according to the purpofes defigned by it. Notice 

 is hereby given of any fudden change ; foldiers are fummoned 

 to repair to their arms and quarters ; and the various move- 

 ments before and after, and during the engagement, arc de- 

 noted by different beats of the drum. 



The chief beats or beatings on the drum arc, the general, 

 the ajembly, the chamade, the march, the reveille, the retreai, 

 Sec. Sec Drum. 



Beat, in Mnfic, is a grace marked thus : " or thusX- 

 Its effeft is jud the contrary of a tranfient fhake in ra- 

 pid movements, where it can neither be prepared nor turn- 



ed. It confift« merely of three not« 



tranfient fhakes : 



explained. 



BE ATA, in Church Hiflory. Si:e Mass of the Beat: 



Bfata, Cape, is at the foutn point of the illand of St. 

 Domingo or Hifpanrola. N, lat. 17" 42'. W. long. 72'' 2'. 



Beata I/land, is about 14 leagues S.W. by W. from the 

 cape. 



BEIATER is applied, in Matters of Commerce, to divers 

 forts of workmen, whofe bufinefs is to hammer or flatten 

 certain matter?, particularly metals. In this fenfe wc meet 

 with plafler-leatcr, cement-beater, mortar-beater. Sec. 



Bkatfrs, gold, are artifans, who, by beating gold and 

 filver with a hammer on a marble, in moulds of vellum and 

 bullocks guts, reduce them to thin leaves fit for gilding or 

 filveri'ig of copper, iron, fteel, wood, Sec. 



Gold-beaters differ from flatters of gold and filver, as the 

 former l>iing their metals into Icavci by the hammer ; 

 whereas the latter only flatten it by preffmg it through a 

 mill, preparatory to beating. See Goi.x>-bealirg. 



There are alfo tin-beaters Employed in tTie looking-glafs 

 trade, whofe bufinefs it is to beat tin on large blocks of mar- 

 ble, till it be reduced to thin leaves, fit to be applied vrith 

 qiiickfilver behind lookniggl.ffes. See Foliating. 



Beater is alfo ufed for an inilrumcnt wherewith to gra- 

 vel walks and alleys in gardens even. It is a piece of wood 

 half a yard long, fix inc'^es thick, and eight or nine bro: d, 

 having a handle fixed obliquely in the middle. 



I 2 BEATIA, 



