BEE 



BEE 



cafes, to that made of barley. Phll.Tranf. N'gy. p. 6135. 

 N=i38. 



Mr. Park, in the account of his travels through Africa, 

 informs us, tiiat the negroes make excellent beer of one 

 fpecies of their corn, by malting the feeds nearly in the 

 fame man'iier as barley is malted in England ; and lie fays, 

 that tiie beer, thus made, was to his talte equal to the bell 

 ilrong beer he had ever tailed in his native country. 



Sour or decayed beer may be reilored divers ways ; as 

 by fait made of the alius of barley-ilraw, put into the vef- 

 fel, and ilirred ; or by three or four handfuls of beech-aflies 

 thrown into tiie vclfel, and ftirred ; or, where the liquor is 

 not very four, by a little put into a bag, without llirring ; 

 chalk calcined, oyller-!lK-ll?, egg-llKlls burnt, fea-diells, 

 crabs eves, alkalized coral, &c. do the fame, as they imbibe 

 tiic acidity, and unite with it into a fweetnefs. Beer, it is 

 faid, nriy be kept from turning four in fummer by hanging 

 into the veflcl a bag containing a new-laid egg, pricked lull 

 of little pin-holes, fome laurel-berries, and a few barley- 

 grains ; or by a nev.'-hid egg and walnut-tree leaves. I-.au- 

 rcl berries alone, their flvin being peeled off, will keep beer 

 from deadnefs ; and the throwing lixcd air into it will re- 

 llore it. Glauber commends his fal mirabile and fixed nitre, 

 put into a linen bag, and hung on the top of the cade, lo as 

 to reach the liquor, not only for recovering four beer, but 

 for preferving and llrengthening it. See Ale. 



Beer tailing of the caflc, may be freed from it, by putting 

 a handful of wheat in a bag, and hanging it to the veflcl. 

 Tlie grounds of beer form a very rich manure. 

 Beer-Po^/. See Z.ythocala. 



Bker, Eiigtr, is ufcd by caUico-priiitcrs, chemids, lapi- 

 daries, fcarlet-dyers, vinegar merchants, white-lead-men, S:e. 

 Yjv.i^-MeiifHie. See Measure. 

 ViLY,^.- Vinegar. See Vinegar. 

 Beer-//'(!w«, in Geography. See Bear-Haven. 

 BEERING, Behring, or Bering, Viti's, in B'logra- 

 fijjy, an eminent navigator, was a native of Denmark, and 

 born towards the conclufion of the 17th century. After 

 having made two voyages to India, he entered in 1704, as a 

 lieutenant in the Ruffian navy, in which he afterwards rofe 

 to the rank of captain and commodore. In purfuance of a 

 plan conceived by Peter I., and communicated on his death- 

 bed to Becring, for making difcoveries in that tempeftuous 

 fea which lies between Ivamtfcluitka and America, this adven- 

 turous navigator fct fail in 1728, accompanied by Ticherikof, 

 from the mouth of the Kamtlchatka river, with a view of 

 afcertaining whether the two continents of Afia and Ame- 

 rica were feparated, according to the inftrudlions prepared 

 by Peter 1. on his death-bed for this purpofe. Coafting 

 along the eaftcrn (liore of Siberia, he arrived at the latitude 

 of 67° 18', but made no difcoveiy of the oppofite continent. 

 In 1729, foon after his return, he failed again in profecution 

 of the fame dclign, but without fuccefs. A third expedi- 

 tion was planned in 1741, and the conduft of it was entruft- 

 ed with Bccring and Tfcherikof, who encountered many dif- 

 afters, and paved the way to all the important difcovcries 

 afterwards made by the Ruffians. Two veffels, named the 

 St. Peter, and St. Paul, were deftined for this enterprife : the 

 former was commanded by Capt. Beering, and had on board 76 

 perfons, including officers, and the latter by Capt. Tfcherikof, 

 accompanied by Delile, profefforof Aftronomy, and the fame 

 number of mariners. From the bay of Awatfcha, which 

 they left on the 4th of June, they proceeded northwards ; 

 and the vetTels parted in a llorm, and never more faw one 

 another during the voyage. Beering- Iteered in a fouthern 

 dircftion from the 50th to the 46th degree of latitude m 

 7 



fearch of Tfcherikof, but finding the fearch to be fruitlefs, 

 he direcled his courfe eaftwards, &nd at the end of fix weeks 

 from the time of firll failing, defcried land in the latitude of 

 51/ ai\d fome minutes, and in the longitude of 40'^ from 

 Awatfcha. On the 20th of July they anchored among 

 fome iflunds, on one of which they landed ; but they neg- 

 ledf d to accomplilh the main objctl of their mifiion, which 

 was the difeovei7 of the American coall, which afterwards 

 appeared to be fo near their prefent llation. This, however, 

 feems to have been owing to the dilcontent and infubordina- 

 tion that prevailed among the crew and officers of the 

 fliip. Having obferved fevtral ifiands in the courfe of their 

 voyage, the\ iX length, viz. on the 5th of November, found 

 theml"elvts,as they apprehended, on the coalt of Kamtfchatka, 

 near the bay of Awatfcha ; but the land v.diich they per- 

 ceived proved to be an ifland, on which the (liip was wreck- 

 ed, and where the commander, and feveral of the crew, died 

 foon after their landing, ot the fcurvy, famine, and fatigue. 

 Stellcr, who accompanied Beering, and wrote a journal of 

 the voyage, obfirves, in jullice to the commodore, that he 

 exuted himfelf to the utmoil ot his ability in executing the 

 delign of his million, but that he was himfelf confcious of 

 his unfitnefs for the arduous talk on account of his age 

 and irrefolution. His temper was too mild for the go- 

 vernment of a diforderly crew : and his deference to his 

 officers led them to prefume on their own importance, and to 

 dcfpife hisauthority.Worn out at lall with hunger, thirft, cold, 

 weakucfj, and anxiety, the oedeiiiatous tumours in his feet, 

 from which he had long fuffered, increafed by the fevc- 

 rity of the weather, and a mortification of the belly tak- 

 ing place, he breathed his laft on the 8th of December ; 

 and was buried between his adjutant commifTary and two 

 gienadiers. " On our departure from the iHand," fays 

 Steller, " we erefted over the grave a wooden crofs to 

 fer\'e as a monument, and at the fame time to be a 

 tellimonv of our having taken poffeflion of the country." 

 Steller ailedges leveral arguments to prove that Beering dif- 

 covered the continent of America, at cape St. Elias, lying, 

 according to his eilimation, in N. lat. 58" 28', and in longi- 

 tude from Fcno 236" ; and that the coail touched at by 

 Tfcherikof w?s Gtuated in lat. 56°. long. 241°. The coafts, 

 fays Steller, were bold, projefting chains of high mountains, 

 fome of which were covered with fnow, and their fides cloth- ! 

 ed from the bottom to the top with large trafts of thick and 

 fine wood. Steller went on fiiore and obferved feveral fpe- 

 cies of birds not known in Siberia, and one in particular, dcf- 

 cribed by Catefby under the name of the blue jay, peculiar 

 to North America. The foil was different from that of j 

 Kamtfchatka, and of the neighbouring ifiaiids, and he found j 

 feveral plants which botanills deem pecidiar to America. 

 Befides, it has been alledged that they mull at leall have ap- 

 proached very near that continent ; as the natives of the ^, 

 idaiids on which they touched, prefented to them the " calu- ., 

 met" or pipe of peace, which is a fymbol of friendlhip uni- j| 

 verfal among the people of North America, and an ufage of « 

 arbitrary inllitntion peculiar to them. Soon after the re- 1 

 turn of Becring's crew from the ifland, where he was fiiipr'^ 

 wrecked and died, the inhabitants of Kamtfchatka ventured :j 

 over to that ifland, to which the fia-otters and other fea-ani-J 

 nials were accuftomed to refort in great numbers. Sttller's; | 

 Journal apud Pallas. Coxe's Ruffian Difcovcries, p. 20.'-^ 

 p. 277, &c. Tooke's View of the Ruffian Empire, vol. i.V 

 p. ij6. vol. iii. p. 40. p. 499. See Asia, and tlic following'-i 

 articles, Beering's i^.«, &c. ,i 



Beerisg's Bafm, in Geography, a name given in honour of^i 

 commodore Beering, to that part of the North Pacific Oceanfl; 



compre*'. 



1 



