B E L 



now beginning to be fiuig. All pcrfon>, on heari.'.g this, 

 throw alide their work, bow, and crofs thtmiclves, repeating 

 iileiitly the verfe then linj^ing in the ch\nch. In the fame 

 Bianner is regulated the iluted nnmber ot llrokes at tlie feve- 

 ral periods of the vefpors and the matins. On fume ho- 

 lidays they are founded through the whole day. Tooke's 

 Hilt, of Ruffia, vol. i. p. 128. 



The fame writer alfo informs us, that rinfjing the bells, 

 on church and court holidays, is a Ipecies of excrcife of 

 which the RulTians are very fond : but they produce nothing 

 like harmony from them. The fole excellency confifts in 

 ftriking the clapper the ofteneft. 



For further particulars relating to bells, fee Changes in 

 a given number of bells, Tint inn alogi A, Carillons, 

 and Ring. 



Bell Bay, in Gengrnphy, a harbour on the fouth-wed 

 coaft of Eaft Greenland, to the north of Horn Sound. 



Bell Sound, is tituatcd on the weft coail of Spitzbcrgen, 

 in the Icy fea. N. lat. 77° 12'. E. long. 12" 40'. 

 Bell, bearing tin. See Racing. 

 Bells, founiicry of. See Founuerv. 

 Bell, diving. See Diving. 



Bells, dedrical, are ufed in a variety of entertaining ex- 

 periments by cltftricians. The ajjparatus, which is origi- 

 nally of German invention, conlifts of three fniall bells luf- 

 pended from a narrow plate of metal {Plate, Ekcfricity,) 

 the two oiitermoil by chains, and that in the middle, fiom 

 which a chain pafTes to the floor, by a filkcn llring. Two 

 fmall nobs of brafs are alfo hung by filken firings, one on 

 each fide of the bell in the middle, wiiich ferve for clappers. 

 When this apparatus is conneAed with an eleaiitied oon- 

 dudW, the outermoft bells fufpended by the chains will be 

 charged, attratl the clappers, and be ftiufk by them. The 

 clappers becoming clertritied likewife, will be repelled by 

 thefe bells, and attracted by the middle bell ; and-difcharge 

 themfelves upon it by means of the chain extending to the 

 floor. After this, they will be again attraCled by the outer- 

 mod bells, and thus, by linking the bells alternately, occa- 

 fion a ringing, wliich may be continued at pleafure. Flalhes 

 of light will be fcen in tlie dark between the bells and the 

 clappers ; and if the elc&rification be ilrong, the difcharge 

 will be made witliout actual contatt, and the ringing will 

 ceafe. An apparatus of this kind, connecled with one of 

 the condudors that are crefted for fecuiing buildings from 

 lightning, will ferve to give notice ot the approach and paf- 

 fage of an eleftrical cloud. 



Bell-jj/ij/}, in Chemijhy, a convenient velTel for many che- 

 mical operations, particularly upon gafeous bodies. It has 

 the advantage of not being eafily overthrown, and is readily 

 man:(geable by the knob of glafs at the top. When ufed it 

 is always inverted or Handing with the open end downwarde. 

 See Plate! in Chi-mijlry. 



Chemical bells art a fort of receptacles chiefly ufed in pre- 

 paring the oil or fpirit of fulphur, tor gathering and con- 

 denfiiig fumes into a liquor. 



Bell, in Building, is ufed to denote the body of the Co- 

 rinthian and Compofite capital, by reafoii of its refemblance 

 to the figure of a bell inverted. In this fcnfc, bell is the fame 

 with what we otherwife call ■j'^/tand tambour, fomctimes alfo 

 corbeil. The naked of the bell is alw ays to be even and per- 

 pendicular with the bottom of the flutings of the column. 

 Vit.vhjlo'wer, in Botany. See Campanula. 

 Bells, hair, \a Botany. See Hyacinth. 

 TitLL-metal, an important alloy, compofed principally of 

 copper and zinc. See Copper. 



Viii.'L-animal, in Zoology, a name given by fome of the 

 early writers on microfcopical difcovencs, to creatures of the 



7 



BEL 



Hydra genus. The bodies of thefe animals are flwpcd like 

 bells, and they have very long and flender tails, by which 

 they faften themfelves to the roots of httle plants. They_ 

 are ufually found in great nurtibers together, in a fort of 

 clufters or bunches ; ajid all of the fame bunch have always 

 the fame motion, very frequently coatrafting themfelves, and 

 afterwards expanding all together to the, full length of their 

 tails. They ufually contract inllantaneoufly ; but are more 

 flow in the expanding themfelves again. Baker's Microf. 

 p. 90. See Hvdra. 



BtLL-m«yf/'«.r, in Botany, a name given by fome authors 

 to the plant called hamia mofchata, and mofch-fced. 

 V>)ii.i.'pepper. See Capsicum, 



V>^\,i.-polype, in Zoology, is the name applied to one parti- 

 cular fpccies, the extremities of whofe branches refemble 

 bells, and which is now called Vorticella Umbcllaria. 



VitLi^-tveed, an Englifh name ufed by fome authors for the 

 jACfA-nigra, or common kiiap-weed, called alfo by many 

 Englifh writers Matfdon. 



15ELLA, Stefano de la, in Bicgraphy, an eminent 

 engraver, was born at Florence in 1610, and after having 

 been for fome time employed in the bufinefs of his father, 

 who wasa goldfmith, applied to the i^udy of engraving, and 

 became the difciple of Canta Gallina. At firll he i'jitatcd 

 the manner of Callot, who had been a difciple of the fame 

 mailer ; but acquiring a facility in handling the point, he 

 adopted a manner of his own, which is faid to have fur- 

 pafled, in freedom and fpirit, that of Caliot. At Paris, 

 whither he removed in 1642, he formed an acquaintance with 

 Ifrael Silvellre, and was much employed by Henriete, the 

 uncle of Silveftre. Upon his return to Florence, he obtain- 

 ed a peniion from the grand duke, and was appointed to 

 inftruct the prince Col'inus, his fon, in the art of defigu. 

 But being habitually fubjed to violent pains in the head, 

 they at length terminated liis life in 1664. The free and 

 mallerly etchings of this excellent artifl are well known ; and 

 his ditlinguifhing excellence contitls in the freedom of his 

 point, and the hghtnefs and elegance of his figures. He 

 drew correctly, and with great talte ; and his works difplay 

 much genius and great fertility of invention. Their ilightnefs 

 is compenfated by their fire and animation. He is faid to have 

 engraved 1400 plates; among which are, " Six Views of 

 Livourne ;" feveral fets of " Shipping ;" " A Holy Fami- 

 ly ;" feveral " Madonas ;" a " View of Pont-neuf" at 

 Paris ;" " St. Proiper,"' a fcarce print ; five fmall ovals, in 

 which is reprefented " Death carrying away perfons of vari- 

 ous ages ;" •' Death mounted on the fteltton of a horfe ;" 

 " ParnafTus ;" and the " Rock," both fcarce ; " Animals;" 

 " Beggars ;" and various fets of " Hunting ;" " Shipping;" 

 " Landfcapes ;" " Ornaments," ccc. Strutt. 



Bella Polla, or Terra Polla, in Geography, a fmall 

 high ifland, rciembling two iflands with lofty round hills, 

 10 leagues N. E. by N. from cape Angelo, and 4 leagues 

 N. N. W. from Gi ava ifland ; fituate on the cc.alt of the Morta 

 in the Archipelago. 



Bella, in Entomology, a fpecies of Phal^ena {bombyx,) 

 found in North America, 'i he wings, are vcUow, with fix 

 rows of black dots : pullerior wings red, with black tips- 

 Linn, Muf. Lud. Ulr. 



BELLAC, in Geography, a town of France, and princi- 

 pal place of a diftrift, in the department of the Upper Vi- 

 enae, ftated on the Vircon. It derives its name from an old 

 fortified caftle, erefted in the lOth century, and contains 

 about 2500 inhabitants. N.lat.46°7'. E. long. 0° 57'. 



BELLADAC, a town of Afia, in the province of Diar- 

 bekir, 45 miles weft of Rabba. 



BELLADONNA lily, in Botany. See Amaryllis. 



BELLADO.NNil, 



