B E R 



Toalcs bi-oa^J, rounded, entire. The crown is naked, con- 

 vex, Hoping ; irij white ; noilrils large, Hiitar, with a conic 

 cirrus ; four loii^, conic, lubiilate, incifive teeth ; grinders 

 numerous, hemifpherical, thofe bcliind largcft ; upper lip 

 loni;, protraflilc ; gill-covers entire ; lateral line nearefl the 

 back ; fins brown, pectoral ones tranfparent and lanceolate ; 

 tail two-lobed. Gmelln. 



Bf.rda, Cape, or Berdinskaya, in Geography, the cad 

 point of a lari^e bay of the fea of Azoph ; cape Wifarionova, 

 or Besfarionova, being the well point. Several rivers empty 

 themfelves into this bay. N.lat.46° 42'. E. long. 56° 24'. 



BF.RDAA, a town of Alia, in Armenia, 160 miles eall 

 «f Erivan. 



BERDANIEH, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in the pro- 

 vince of Caramania ; 32 miles north of Alameh. 



BERDASCIilR. SccBarsir. 



BERDASH, in ylntiquUy, was a name formerly ufcd in 

 England for a certain kind of neck-drefs ; and hence a pei- 

 fon who made or fold fuch neckcloths was called a bcrdajher, 

 from which is derived our word halerdaftier. 



BERDICZOW, in Geography, a decayed town of Po- 

 land, in the palatinate of Volhynia, 14S miles E.S.E. of 

 Lucko, and 324 S. W. of Warfaw. 



BERDIN, or Berlin, in Conchology, the name by 

 ■which the limpet, or pap-(hells, patella of Linn, is known on 

 the coafl of Normandy. It is alfo called in fome places her- 

 nacle, or hernicle. 



BERDOA, in Geography, a province of Africa, in the 

 eallern divifion of the great defert or Sahara, conftituting 

 one of the Oafes or fertile iflands, which forms a part of 

 that extcnfive defert that feparates Egypt from Fezzan, and 

 contains the wandering tribe of Lebeta or Levata. It is 

 fituated to the north-eall of Agadez, and has Kuar or Kawar 

 to the fouth and eaft, to the north Augela, and the de- 

 fert of Baica, and to the well Fezzan. It extends north- 

 ward from N. ht. 25°, and lies between 20^ and 25° E. 

 long. ; but its cxaCl boundaries are not afcertained. Berdoa, 

 its capital, lies north of the mountains of Tibefti ; and, ac- 

 cording to Rennell's map, is placed in N. lat. 26^^ 32'. E. 

 lo:ig. 2t°35'. 



BERE-ALSTON, though only a fmall inconfiderable 

 hamlet, in the parifh of Bcro-Fenis, Devonfliire, has the 

 privilege of returning two members to the Enghlh parlia- 

 ment. The right of elcclion is vefted in thofe pcrfons who 

 pofiefs land in the borough, and pay three-pence acknow- 

 ledgment to the lord of the manor, who varies the number 

 of eleAors at pleafure, by granting burgage tenures to his 

 own partisans only. The firft return of members for this 

 borough was in the 27th of Eliziheth. In the vicinity of 

 this place are fcveral lead mines ; but none of them produce 

 much ore, though in the time of Edward I. they were not 

 only very rich in this metal, but yielded a great quantity of 

 iilver. It is faid that 1 600 weight of the latter was obtained 

 in the courfe of three years. 



BERECYNTHUS, in Entomology, a fpecies of Papilio, 

 with entire wings, black above, with a yellow marginal 

 band ; fix ocellar fpots on the underfide of the pollerior 

 pair. Fabricius. This is papilio berecynthia of Cramer, is 

 of a large fize, and inhabits Surinam. 



BERECYNTIA, in ylndait Geography, a town of Afia 

 Minor, in Phrygia. Steph. Byz. 



Berecyntia Regio, a country of Afia, towards the river 

 Sangar. Steph. Bvz. 



^ BERECYNTIUS TraSui, a canton of Afia Minor, in 

 Caria. Pliny. 



BERECYNTUS, a mountain of Afia Minor, in Phr)-- 

 gia, confccratcd to the mother of the gods. 



B E R 



BERECZINA,in Geography, a river of Lithuania, whick 

 rifes in the palatinate of Vilna, and runs into the Nieraen, 

 16 miles north-eaft of Novogrodek. 



BEREFIORD, a trading place and port of the ifland of 

 Iceland. 



BEREGRA, or Bf.retra, in yJncient Geography, a 

 town of Italy, iu Picenum, at a fmall dittance north from 

 Interamna. 



BEREGSZAZ, in Geography, a town of Hungary, 24 

 miles north of Zatmar. It gives name to a county, and 

 derives its appellation from a Saxon colony eftabliflied there.; 

 but its prefent inhabitants are Hungaiians. 



BEREIA, a town of Africa, north of Sierra Leone, 

 at a fmall dillance from the coall. N. lat. 8" 58'. W. long. 

 12° 28'. 



BEREILLY, or Barei.lv, a city of Hindoftan ; ia 

 the capital of Rohilcund, which was added to the dominions 

 of Oude in 1774. It lies about half way between Lucknow 

 and Delhi. N. lat. 28=^ 27'. E. long. 79" 45'. See Ba- 



RELLY. 



BERELOS, a lake of Egypt, between Damietta and 

 Rofetta ; about 32 miles long and ten broad in the middle, 

 but gradually contracting towards each end. It has within 

 it feveral illands — Alfo, a town of Egypt, 30 miles well 

 of Damietta. 



BEREN, an ifland of Afia, 40 leagues weft from Corgo 

 ifland in the gulf of Baflbra. 



Beren, or BiERON, a town of Silefia, in the province of 

 Ratibor ; 34 miles eaft of Ratibor. 



BERENBORG, called alfo Joan Main ifland, an ifland 

 in the north feas, near the coaft of Eaft or Old Greenland. 

 N. lat. 71° 10'. W. long. 9° 19'. 



BERENGARIAN.S, in Ecckfiajlkal Hijlory, a religious 

 feft, adhering to the opinions of Berengarius, who, in the 

 latter part of the eleventh century, a confiderablc time be- 

 fore Luther, oppofed the doftrine of tranfubftantiation, and 

 the real prcfence, ftrenuoufly maintained by Lanfranc and 

 Anfelm. See Berenger. 



He is farther charged by the Romanifts with decrying 

 marriage, and maintaining the common ufe of all fort, of 

 women, and afferting baptifm of no effeCl. 



His followers were divided on the head of the eucharift : 

 though they all agreed, that the bread and wine were not 

 eflentially changed, yet fome allowed, that the body and 

 blood of Chrift were contained iu them, though concealed 

 under an impanation : others denied any change at all, and 

 refolved the whole into figure ; others again allowed a 

 change in part ; and others an entire change, with this re- 

 ftridion, t'lat to thofe who prefentcd themfelves unworthily 

 it was changxd back again. 



MabiUon has an exprefs differtation on the manifold con- 

 demnations of Berengarius, his retraftations, relapfes, and 

 repentance. 



BERENGER, James, in Biography, a native of Carpi, 

 in Modena, irom whence he took his name, being much 

 more known by the name of Carpus, than by that of his 

 family, Berengarius ; one of the reftorers and improvers of 

 anatomy, was born about the cud of the fifteenth century. 

 He was initiated into the knowledge of furgcry by his father, 

 who pradifed that art, and had for his inftruclor in lan- 

 guages and philofophy, the celebrated Albertus Minuthis. 

 At a proper age he went to Bologna, and afterwards to Pa- 

 dua, where he filled for fome time the office of profeflbr of 

 anatomy. Returning in 15 18 to Bologna, he' was there 

 raifed to the fame office, which he continued to fill until 

 about the year 1525. While teaching here, he is faid to 

 have difieclcd upwards of an hundred human bodies: a 

 6 prodigious 



