B E R 



every kind, modeft in delivering his own opinions on difputed 

 fubjcfts, candid in his judgment of other men's performances, 

 fteadily attached to the ellabhflied church, and at the fame 

 time liberal in his fcntiments with regard to diflcnters of all 

 denominations, and dellrous of peace and union. His piety 

 was fincere and unafteCted ; and his devotions, both public 

 and private, were regular and exemplary. The learned 

 Huetius, in his " Comm. de rebus fuis," bears this concife 

 but very honourable teftimony to his memory • " Kdwardus 

 Bernardus Anglus, qiicm pauci hac itate equipar.ibant cru- 

 ditionis hiude, modellia vero pcne nulii ;" i. e. i'.dward Ijcr- 

 card, an Engli(hnian, whom few in this age equalled in 

 ciudition, in mo.lefty fcarcely any. Biog. Brit. Gen. DicL 

 Berx.ard, J.vmks, was born in 1658, at Nioi\s in Dau- 

 phinc, tludied at Geneva, and became paftor.of the church 

 in his native province. But being driven from France by 

 perfecution, he fought refuge firll at Geneva, then at Lau- 

 fanne. and afterwards in Holland, where he was employed as 

 a penfionary nvniller at Gouda. In 1705, he ^^as cholen 

 paflor of the AV'alloon church at Leyden, and foon after was 

 appointed profelTor of philofophy and mathematics in that 

 univerfity, and received a dodor's degree. He clofed his life 

 of literary labour in 1718. He was the author of fevcral po- 

 litical and hidorical works ; in 1690, he undertook the con- 

 tinuation of Bayle's " Nouvclles de la republique des lettrcs," 

 which he continued till 1710, and refuming it in 17 16, con- 

 tinued it t U his death. He alfo wrote a great part of the 20ih 

 to the 25th vols, of Le Clerc's " I'ibliatheque Univerfelle ;" 

 and a " Supplement to Moreri's Diftionary," in I vol. fol. 

 Amll. 1 7 14. He alio publiflied feveral theological and hillo- 

 lical trcatifes, in the compofition of which he has difplayed 

 more learning and indullry than genius and ikill. Nouv. Did.. 

 H.ft. 



Bernard, Peter-Joseph, a Frencli poet, was the fon of 

 a fcnlptor at Grenoble, and born in 1708. Having been 

 educated in the college of the Jcfuits at Lyons, where he made 

 rapid progrefs in literature, he rambled to Paris in purfuit of 

 pleafure and liberty, and for two years employed bimfelf as 

 clerk to a notary ; but here he publiflied fome light poems 

 which attracted notice, and in 1734 he was taken to the cam- 

 paign in Italy by the marquis de Pezay, and acquitted him- 

 felf with honour at the battles of Parma and Guailalla. The 

 commander in chief, the marlhal de Coigne, plcafed with his 

 talents, appointed him his fecretary, and procured him the 

 poft of fecretary-general to the dragoons. He continued 

 with the marlhal till his death in 1 751^1. He afterwards lived 

 in the circle of falhion and pleal'ure at Paris, till the year 1 7 7 1 , 

 when the lofs of his memory reduced him to a mere Hate of 

 vegetation, in which he continued till his death in 1776. 

 His works are all in the eafy, elegant, and voluptuous kind. 

 His firll performances confitl of anacreontics and fongs, in 

 (hort and playful meafurcs, from which he obtained the ap- 

 pellation of " le gentil Bernard." He afterwards wrote 

 the opera of " Cailor and PoUnx," and a ballet called " Lea 

 Surprifes de I'amour," His principal poem is " L'art 

 d'aimer," in three cantos, in which are leveral tender paflaies, 

 but in point ol llyle negligently written. Hi? poetical tale 

 inritled " Phroline et Mclldore," h of fimilar charadter. 

 A colkftion of his works has been publiflied, and the foUow- 

 ing lines of Voltaire are prefixed : 



" Les trois Bernards." 

 •• Dans cc pays trois Bernards font connus ; — 



L'uu til ce faint, aTibitieux reclus ; 



Prcchcur adroit, fabricateur d'oracles ; 



J..'autre Bernard eft Penfant de Plutus, 



Bien plus grand faint, faifant plus grand* miracles ; 



Et le troifieme tft. I'enfant de Phebus, 



Gcatil Bernard, dont la mufe feconde 



B E R 



Doit faire eticor les delices du monde,. 

 Quand de premiers on ne parlera plus." 

 The fccond, " Bernard" above mentioned is " Samuel," the 

 famous financier under Lewis XIV., called the LucuUus of 

 the age. Nouv. Dift. Hift. 



Bernard of Brvjjds, a painter of animals and hunting. 

 pieces, in which hee.Kcelled, by giving to his wild animals 3 

 Itrongand fpirited exprcflion. He was patronifcd by Mar- 

 garet, countefs of the N'ctheriands, for whom he defigned 

 fubjechfortapeftry,and in the ferviceoftlieemperorCharlesV. 

 he painted hunting-pieces, in wiiich he introduced the po.-- 

 traits of the emperor and of all his attendants. In a plfturc 

 of the kill judgment, he covered the pannel with leaf-gold, her 

 fore ht; Liid on his colours, and thus preJirved them from 

 changing, and gave to his tints a heightened IwUre. This 

 method is faid to have produced a happy efiecl, particularly 

 in the fl<y. He died in 1540; the time of his birth is not 

 known. Piikington. 



Bernard, Solomon, an ingenious engraver, was a native 

 of France, and refided chiefly at Lyons. He worked chiefly 

 for the bookfellers, and his engravings were deligned with 

 fpirit, and executed in a clear, neat ftyle. He appears by 

 his work-, to be a man of great genius, and fertile invention. 

 His moil elleemed performance is a fet of prints for tlie Bible. 

 He flouriflied from 1550 to 1580. Strutt.. 



BtRNARi), Francis, dodlorin medicine, was principal phy,- 

 fulan to king James II., and in confiderable praftice. He 

 left a large collection of fcarcc and valuable books, which was 

 fold, in 1698, the year after his death, for 1600I. His 

 brother Charles, who was furgeon to the princefs Anne, and 

 who had the fame paflion for coUeAing books, left alfo a 

 curioun libraiy, which was fold by audlion in 1711. The 

 " Speccio della Beftia triomfante," by Jordano Bruno, aa 

 Italian atheift, which was in this collection, was fold, as we 

 learn from the Spectator, N° 389, for 30I. This book was 

 printed, Ames fays, in England in 1584, by Thomas Vanr. 

 troUier. An Englirti edition of it was printed in 1.7 1'.. 

 New Gen. Biog. Did. 



Bernard, Christopher. Thisfurgeon, who lived in the 

 beginning of the i?th century, is only known as the author 

 of two books, very popular in their lime, though now in 

 little requefl. " The prelent flate of furgery, with fome re- 

 ma'ks on the abufes committed in it," London, 410. 1703. 

 " The crafts and frauds of phyfic exploded, difcoveiing 

 the low prices of the belt medicines," 8vo. 1 703. Haller. 

 Bib. Med. 



Bernard, 6'/. in GcograpJiy, a town of Gci-many, in the 

 archduchy of Aullria, 2 miles N.W. of Horn.. — Alfo, an 

 ifland of North Awerica, in the lake of Nicaragua.. 



BhrnarDj fouth end of a fmall fimd between SouOiwoId 

 and Leoftofl, on the coall of Suffolk, the north end of which 

 is called " Newcomb," about a mile from the fliore, within 

 which imall veflcls may pafs in good weather and a full fea. 



Bernard River, a river on the weft coall of FrancCj 

 which falls into the bay within the ifland of Belleifle. 



Bbrnard'j Bay, lies on the N.W. fide of the gulf o£ 

 Mexico. The paflage into it, between feveral iflands, is 

 called Pafco de Cavallo. N. lat. 28° 30'. W.long. 96° 16'. 



Bernard, Great St., a mountain which is a branch of the 

 Alps (the Alpes Pennine of ancient writers), that feparates 

 the Lower Valais from Savoy, and particularly from the 

 dnchy of Aoila, in the principallty-of Piedmont, and from 

 which flows into the former country the river Drance, and 

 into the latter, the Doire. On the fummit of this mountain 

 is the monaftery of St. Bernard (fee Bernard), fuppofed to 

 be 8oc6 feet above the level of the Mediterranean. N. lat.. 

 45° 48'. E. long. 7" 2'.. It was by this track that Hanni- 

 bal is luppofed to h?ive conducted the Carthaginian army into. 

 * Italy 5 



