BET 



pnles ; which lliould be taken off fmooth and fine, io that 

 the ftool may not be damaged, or hindered from produc- 

 ing a fre(h crop. 



Thefe trees will thrive exceedingly on the fides of brook?, 

 and may be cut for poles every liftli or fixth year. Thty may 

 be alfo planted fur hedges in moiH ground, and tranied into 

 fuch as are very clofe and thiik, to the height of twenty 

 feet and upwards. The banks of rivers may be fecured by 

 planting truncheons very clofe, and crofs-wife. As the 

 leaves are large and of a deep green colour ; thefe trees, if 

 the beauty of aquatic plantations be regarded, fhoidd be pre- 

 ferred to others ufiially planted in fwampy grounds. 



The feventh fpccics, or hoary alder, growing naturally 

 in dry fandy foils, may perhaps be cultivated with the birch, 

 where land is of little value, as an underwood, and may be 

 propagated either by layers or cuttings, as well as by feeds, 

 where'they can be obtained. Martyn's Miller. Hunter's 

 Evelyn's Silva, p. 225, 240. V/ithcring's Bot. Arr. vol. ii, 

 p. 206. 



B P.TULA ylmerkana. See Bursfra. 



BETULiE, in Entomoloi-y, a fpecies of CuRCULio, en- 

 tirely of a golden green colour in one fex, and blue in the 

 other, with a fpine on each fide of the anterior part of the 

 thorax of the latter. A native of Europe. Linnxus. Do- 

 nov. Brit. Inf. &c. 



Bf.tul-€, a fpecies of Crvptocephalus, that inhabits 

 Berlin. The colour is black ; thorax foniewhat orbicular 

 and hairy ; wing-cafes browmih with obfcure ftreaks. 

 Herbft. 



Betul*, a fpecies of Attelabus, of a black coloar, 

 with legs formed for leaping. Linn. Fn. Suec. This is cur- 

 culia sxcorliito-nigcr of Degeer. 



Betul;e, a fpecies of Cimex {^Acanthia membranaceus), 

 that lives on the white alder in the north of Europe. The 

 thorax is denticulated ; head muricated ; anterior part of the 

 wing-cafes dilated. Linn. Degeer, &c. 



Betul*:, a fpecies of Papilio [Pkb. Rur.), found in 

 Europe. The wings are fomewhat tailed, brown, yellowifh 

 beneath ; pollerior ones with two white ftreaks. Fabricius. 

 Donov. Brit. Inf. &c. The larva is green, with pale oblique 

 lines, and white on the fides ; pupa glofi^y, and ferruginous. 

 Feeds on the alder. The male dillinguilhed by a fulvous 

 fpot on the upper wings. 



Betul/E, a fpecies of Tfntkredo, with the body red ; 

 thorax, vent, and eyes black ; wings behind brown. Linn. 

 Fn. Suec. This is Ur.threilo ferru^inea of Degeer. Inhabits 

 Europe. 



Betvlje, a fpecies of Coccus, found on the white al- 

 der. It is round, and of a bay colour. Gmel. &c. 



BETULEIUS, SixTus, in Biography, whofe true name 

 was Birch, was born at Memmmgen, in the year ijoo, and 

 obtained the reputation of an able grammarian, as well as a 

 good Latin poet and philofopher. He taught the belles 

 lettres and philofophy ; and became principal of the college 

 of Augfburgh, where he died June i6th 15J4. He puh- 

 lifhed fcveral works in profc ; and his dramatic pieces of 

 Jofeph, Sufannah, and Judith, have been efteemed. 



BETULINUS, m Ornithology, a fpecies of Tktrao, 

 defcribed by Scopoli. The tail is black, varitd with tranf- 

 verfe rufous fpots ; rump whitifh, fafciated with black. 

 Scop. Ann. Latham. This is the urof(z//uj w//ior of Aldro- 

 vandus ; and birch grous of Latham. The body is varied 

 with black and rufous ; bill and legs black ; breaft greyifh ; 

 quill-feathers white at the tip ; eyebrows not red. 



BETULUS, in Botany. See Carpinus. 



BETUWE, Betaw, or Batavia, in Geography, a 

 traft of land, ia the duchy of Gutldcrland, in the United 



B E V 



Netherlands, fituated betwixt the Rhine and the Waal, and 

 forming part of the " Infula Batavorum," where the Bata- 

 vians fettled on their migration out of Germany. It has 

 been divided into two bailliage.s viz. the eaftern or upper, 

 and the wellern or lower Betuwe. The former, by a change 

 in the courfe of the Rhine, has been feparated from Betiuve, 

 and removed into the duchy of Clevc, where the fortifications 

 of the Schenken-Schanze, creeled in 1586, by general Mar- 

 tin Schenk, have been gradually wailitd away by ih: wa- 

 ter. The bailliage of lower IVluwe comprehends a num- 

 ber of villages that lie on the Rhine. SeeBAfAVi. 



BETWEEN Decks, \nSea Lattguj<ie, denotes the fpace 

 contained between any two decks of a fiiip. 



BETWHA, in Gfr^raphy, a river of Hindoftan, which 

 runs into the Jumnah, 45 miles fouth-ealt of Calpy. Tliis 

 river, from its fource fouth of Bopal, to its conflnence with 

 the Jumnah, defcribes a courfe of 340 miles in a nortli- 

 eafterly diredlion, 



BETZ, the principal place of a carton, in the diflrift of 

 Senlis, and department of the Oil'e, containing ^52 perfons ; 

 the number of the canton being 95^'4. Its territory compre- 

 hends 222-j kiliometres, and 29 communes. 



BETZALEEL, Jehudah, or l,co Pragenjis, in 5(c- 

 graph-,', a Jewifh doftor of Prague, in Bohemia, flourifhcd 

 about the middle of the i6th century, and was chief of the 

 Moravian academies, and judge of the nation in that country. 

 He left feveral learned works, among which is that entitled 

 " The Redemption and Eternity of Ifrael," in which he af- 

 furcs the Jews of the certainty of the MtlTiali's advent, and 

 of his fettling them in a (late of permanent proiperity. 



BETZANDORFF, in Geography, a Imnll town or bo- 

 rough of Germany, in the old mark of Brandenburg. 



liETZDORF, the principal place of a canton, in the 

 dillricl of Luxembourg, and department of Forets, contain- 

 ing 1082 inhabitants ; thofe of the canton being 8101. Its 

 territory comprehends 2125 kiliometres and 7 communes. 



BETZKO, a town of Hungary, 18 miles weft of To- 

 poltzan. 



BETZIRVAN, or Barsav, a town of Perfia, in the 

 province of Aiderbeitzan ; 100 miles ncrtii-eaft of Tauris. 



BEVAGNA, the ancient il-A^uanw, a fmall town of Italy, 

 in the duchy of Spoleto, feated on the river Tinia, or 

 Timia. 



BEVECUM, a town of Brabant, 8 miles fonth-caft of 

 Louvain. N. lat. 50°45'. E. long. 4" 50'* 



BEVEL, in Mafonry, and among Jaincrs, a kind of 

 fquare, one leg whereof is frequently ftraight, and the other 

 crooked, according to the fweep of an arch or vault ; being 

 alfo moveable on a point, or centre, fo that it may be fet to 

 any angle. The make and ufe of the bevel are pretty mseh 

 the fame as thofe of the common fquare or mitre, except that 

 thefe latter are fixed ; the firft at an angle of ninety degrees, 

 and the fecond at forty-five ; whereas the bevel, being move- 

 able, may, in fome meafure, fupply the office of both, and 

 yet, which it is chiefly intended for, fupply the deficiencies 

 of both, ferving to fet off or transfer angles, either greater 

 or lefs than ninety or forty-five degrees- 

 Bricklayers have alfo a bevel, by which they cut the under 

 fides of the bricks of arches flraight or circular, to fuch ob- 

 lique angles as the arches require, and alfo for other ufes. 



Bevel, Graduated, is that which has about the centre of 

 one of its arms a femicircle graven, and divided into 180 

 degrees, whofe diameter llands fquare with the fides of the 

 fame arm ; fo that the end of the other arm, being divided 

 at right angles, almoft to the centre, Ihews by its motion the 

 number of degrees contained in the angle to be racafured. 

 This is alfo called recipiangle, and pantamcter. 



6 Bevel 



