BEY 



BEY 



It was rormcrly inclLideil within the mardies of Wales, bnt hy fang'tals, or banners, each of wliich qualifies a bey ; and thefe 



a ftatute of Henry VIII. was annexed to the county of Wor- are all commanded by the governor of the province, whom 



cellcr. Leland dcfcribcs this place as remarkable for i^t:Y s^^o c?A\ beshiler-beghl, or beyler-bey,'\.c. lord cf :he lords, 



the " wonderful height of the trees in the adjacent f-utft of or beys of the province. 



\Vyre,"forits " beautiful lituation," and for the palace of Thefe beys are, in a great meafure, the fame that i<;n- 



Tichcn-hall, which Henry \^II. built to be a place of retire- tin els formerly were in England. 



nient for prince Artl'.ur. Tiie ceremony of this pnncc's 

 marriage in perfon, with Catharine of Arragon, by proxv, 

 was performed here on the 19th of May 1499. Kins 

 Henry VI. gave all the ftone for building the bridge acrofs 

 the Severn, which was erefted bv Edward IV. On the 



It has already been obferved, under the article Bashaw, 

 that when the military ariftocracy of the Mamlouks in 

 Egypt was abolifhed by Sclim, luhan of the Ottomans in 

 1507, he ellabli{hed a form of goverr.mcnt, v hich was caU 

 culated to preferve all the different members of the Hate in a 



middle pier of this, ftands a gatc-houfc, part of which is for condition of dependence upon himfeif. With this view, he 



the corporation's pi ifon. appointed, befidcs a pacl^, a divan, or council of regency. 



The town is in the paiifh of Ribbesford, where there is an compofed of the pacha and tiie chiefs of the feven military 



ancient moated houfe, in which was found the maniifcript corps. At the time of this appointment it was agreed, that 



copyof the life of lord Herbert of Cherbnry. Here is a chapel, the 24 governors, or beys of the provinces, (hould be chofen 



which was built on'the iite of an ancitnt wood llruclure in from the Mamlouks ; and to them were entruiled the care 



1748. A new fct of fliaml.les was alfoeiected in 1783; and of retraining the Arabs; fuperiiitending the coUcclion of 



the town partakes of the benefits of a free grammar fchool, the tributes, and the whole civil government of the countrv • 



which was founded in the latter part of queen Elizabeth's 

 reign ; alfo fume alms-honfr-s, and a charity fchool. The ma- 

 rufaftures and trades of this town were tonnerly very con- 

 fiderable, but they are now principally co'.ifined to tanning, 

 horn -work, matting, and a few other;;. Bewdley fcenis to 

 have been fivft. incorporated by king Edward IV. whofe char- 

 ter grants the freemen great privileges and immunities by fea 



but their authority was purely paffive, and they v.cre to he 

 confidered m.ercly as tlie inilruments of the determinations 

 of the council. By this inilitution, which i.; ftill obferved 

 in fomc inllances, it was ordained, that the pr.cha (hould be 

 contented to (hare the power of the beys, and that the du- 

 ration of his authority fhould depend on their coUeftivc 

 will. The power of the pacha was very extenfive ; but it 



andland. Thefe were confirmed by Henry VIII., and again has been gradually diminifhed, and almoft annihilated by 

 by James I. This charter was furrendered in the time of the intrigues and ambition of the beys. His jurifdiclioii 

 Ciiarles II.; but in the next reign another was granted, which was rather civil than military. He was always prelident of 

 on a trial in 1707, was deteiTnintd to be void. A new one the divan, which was held in the caftle wliere he rtfided. 

 was therefore obtained from queen Anne, but this produced But that council has, in later times, commonly affemblcd in 

 r i-.:_^.i-_ „l:.i. -.1 L I -^ J ■ :. r ^j^^ palace of one of the chief beys, except when a firman 



or mandate is received from Coii'lantinoplc, when the bey 

 are fummoned to the callle to hear the commands of the 

 Porte. The few who attend, as foon as t!ie reading is lini- 

 Ihed, anfwer, ps is ufual, " Efmana wa taana," " we have 

 heard, and we obey ;" but on leaving the caftle, their gene- 

 ral voice is " Efmana wa avvfina," " we have heard, and fnall 

 difobey." All thefe beys had been Mamlouks, or military 

 flaves, who were not natives of Egypt, but imported when 



fome litigation, which at length was determined in its favour, 

 This empowers the bailiff and 12 capital burgefies to return 

 one member to parhament. Here were fonncrly two weekly 

 markets, on Wednefdays and Saturdays; but the latter is 

 only continued ; which, with three fairs, annually attraft 

 much com.pany and trade to the town. 



Bewdley is 129 miles N.W. from London. It contains 

 840 houfes, and 3671 inhabitants. Nafh's Hiftory of Wor- 

 atilerfhire. 



B E WITS, in /"rt/fonr)', denotes a piece of leather to which very young from Georgia, CircafCa, and Minc^rtlia, and 

 a hawk's bells are fallened, and buttoned to his legs. purchafcd for 50, or not more than 100 fequins. Many of 



BEX, in Geography, a fmall town of Sw itTerland, in the thefe are defcendcd from Chriftian parents, and have been 

 canton of Berne, about 4 miles S.S.E. of Aigle, and 5 miles flaves from their youth. Some few have been prifoners, 

 from the falt-works at Bevieux. (See Bevieux.) Between taken from the Aullrians and Ruffians, who have exchanged 

 Aigle and Bex is a pifturefque view of the caftle of St. their religion for an eilablifhmcnt. When the fupply ob- 

 Tryphon, on the fummit of an infulated rock in the middle tained in this way proves infufficient, or many have been 

 of the plain ; it is quite furrounded with wood, and rcalifes expended, black flaves from Nubia, and other interior parts 

 Milton's defcription of an ancient caftle, of Africa, are fubllituted in the room of the others, and if 



" Bofom'd high in tufted trees." found docile, are armed and accoutred hke the reft. The 



It is faid to be built of marble, and probably of a beauti- Mahometans in general, and the Egyptians in particular, 

 ful black fpecies in the vicinity. St. Tryphon was a treat their flaves with great kiiidnefs. At Cairo, when a 

 Phrygian, and is faid to have fuffered martyrdom at Nice flave is legally purchafed in the market, if he feel difcon- 

 in the year 251, under the perfccution of the emperor tented with his mailer, he has only to fav. 



carry me to 

 the market," and the mafter is legally compellable to offer 

 him for fale. The child of a female flave, begotten by her 

 mafter, is " ipfo failo" free, and a flave may authorize a free 

 perfon to purchafe his emancipation. The Chriftian chil- 

 dren, bought by the beys, and the principal inhabitants 

 of Cairo, are educated with the fame care as their own chil- 

 dren, in every thing necefTary to accomplilh the charafter of a 

 Mahometan lord. They are inftrudlcd in every ncceiTar\' 

 to a lord of a banner, whom in the fame language they call exercife of agility and ftrength, and they are in general dif- 

 fang'iak-beg, or bey ; fangiak, which among them fignifies tinguifhed by the elegance and beauty of their pcrfons. 

 tanner ax Jlandard, being the badge of him who commands Some of them arc excellent fcribes ; but many can neither 

 in an important place of fome province, having under him read nor write. When their education is finiflicd, they pro- 

 a confiderable number of fpahis, or horfe. cure employments in the army ; and after emancipation, 



Each province in Turkey is divided into feveo of thefe thtfe favoured flaves main the moft lively gratitude and 



O o 2 afFeCtion 



Dccius, 



BEXUQUILLO, in the Materia Medica, a name given 

 to the white ipecacuanha, which the Spaniards bring from 

 Peru, as the Port..gucfe do the brown from Brafil. 



BEY, or Beg, denotes a governor of a countiy, or town, 

 in thcTurkifh empire. 



The Turks write the word Icgh or iei, but they pronounce 

 it bey : properly it fignifies lord, but it is particularly applied 



