B I B 



lie mnr hereafter b-come your enemy." Bias i« afTortt'd in 

 have written more than 2000 verfcs concerning louia. Hin 

 death was no Icfs honourable than atl'eCliiig ; tor he expired 

 in the arms of a gi-andfon, while he was pleading a caiife 

 fur a friend. Diog. Lacrt. 1. i. 82. Val. Max. 1. iii. c. 2. 

 vi>. 2. Aul. Gell. 1. V. c. II. Cicer. dc Aniicit. c. 60. 

 Pint. Conv. vii. Arillot. Riiel. 1. ii. c. 1 3. Stobxus Serm. 

 2?. Brucker's Phil, by linf. vol. i. p. 136. 



Bias, in Entomvh^v, a fpccies of Papilio {Pith. Rur.), 

 that inhabits Cayenne. The wings are entire blacTc, glofled 

 with blue; beneath brown, with a white pollcrior margin. 

 Fabricius. 



BIASI, St. in Geography, a town of Italy, in the king- 

 dom of Naples, and province of I'rincIp;ito citra, 15 miles 

 W.N.W. of PJicaftro. 



BtATHANATI, iSixix:Wi, from B'a, vi'ilmre, and 

 ^xtuio;, ileal h ; tlie fame with fuicidts, or thofe who kill 

 thtrnftlves. 



BIB, in Ichthyology, the Engllfli name of a lidi of the 

 Gadus tribe, called lujliu by Linntus. 



BIHAN, in Csijgrtiphy, a town of Egypt, in Bahira, 

 the rtfidence of a kialcKef. Once a week, on Momlay, a 

 fair for camels and other cattle is held in the fields adjoin- 

 ing to this place. 



BIBBONA, a town of Italy, in ihc duchy of Tufcany, 

 JO niil.s north of Areziio. 



BIBBS, Bibs, or Brackets, in Kwval Arch'itedurey zr<t 

 made of elm plank, and bolted to the hounds of malls, as fup- 

 porttrs to the trcdlc trees. They a e from three to live 

 inches thick, and nine elevenths of the hounds in lenglh, 

 and in breadth fix lilteenths their length. The alter edge 

 is firll lined llr.iight, and the upper part Iquare from that, 

 and the fore part tapered by a moulding to four or fix inches 

 of breadth at the lower end?. The after edge is fayed on the 

 cheeks, and the upper part againll the under fide of the treftlc 

 trees on the fore fide of the mall : viz. In the middle of the 

 after edgf, ftt up one inch and a half, and line ftraight from 

 that t'. nothing at the lower end, which makes a butt in 

 the middle ; then place the bibbs on the mart, their thick- 

 nefs within the fides of the checks, and their upper parts to 

 the outfide of the trcftle trees ; then let one inch and a 

 half be raced by the lower edge of the bibbs upon the cheeks, 

 and the wood taken out to that depth, and the thicknefs of 

 the bibbs, that they may bed firm therein ; they are then 

 bolted edgeways through the cheeks with four bolts 

 driven from the fore fide a:id clenched on a ring on the 

 aft-fide. The bolts are to be in diameter from one inch to 

 iiven eighths, or three quarters in fniall fliips' malls, and 

 only three in number. I'he lower end of the bibb is round- 

 ed off to the furface of the cheek, and the edges chamfered. 

 BIBEN, in Geography, a town of Perfia, in the Irak 

 Agcmi, 140 miles cad of Ifpahan. 



BiBEN, otherwifc called Pilfcbem, and In Latin Per/enj, 

 or Pelin.i, a town of Carniola, leatcd in a very fertile fpot, 

 on a high mountain ; and the fee of a bilhop, to whofe 

 jurifdiftion belong two towns and eleven villages, in 

 which are fourteen pinilies, fuffrajan to the prelate of Gor/.. 

 BiBER, a town or village of Germany, in the circle of 

 the lower Rhine, the electorate of Mcntz, and prefeclurate 

 of Steinheim, 5 miles E.S.E. of Francfort on the Main. 

 This is one of eleven villaires which arc pofTclTed in common 

 of a wood named the " Bibcr Mark." At Biber, all things 

 relating to it are managed by tlie (heriffs of the Mark ; and 

 before the village, under a great lime-tree, lies the flieriff's 

 bench, where the Mark court is fenced in, and tianfgreflbrs 

 are openly cited and puniflicd. 



BIB 



BTBF.R, in Zoology, a name given by Rldinger, he. to 



the bciivcr, eajlor flcr. Linnoeus. 



Biisr.R, Hknry John Francis, in Biography, vice-cha- 

 pel mailer to the archbifhop of Salzburg, feems to have been 

 the greatell pertbrmer on the violin of the 17th century, 

 lialtzar from Lubtc, about the middle of ihat century, had 

 fo allonitlied the Oxonians by his execution on the violin, 

 that accortling to Ant. Wood, Dr. Wilfon, thcmuficpro- 

 fefibr, after hearing him, lloopcd down to examine his feet, 

 whether they were nut cloven ; that is, " whether he was a 

 devil, or not, becaufe his performance was beyond the facul- 

 ties of man." But if we may now judge of his performance 

 by his compofitions that are Hill extant, it was very inferior 

 to that of B'wer, who publilhed in l68i, folos for a vi:jlin 

 and bafe, the mod difiicult and the moll fanciful of any 

 niufic of the fame period. One of the folos is written on 

 three feparate ftaves, as if a fcore for two violins and a bafe ; 

 but the trebles are to be played in double flops. Others 

 are played in different tunings of fouilhs and fifths, as for n 

 treble viol. A fecond work by this niufieian, intitled _/<//>;- 

 mim f/iero prr/aniini, conlWli of twelve fonutas in four and five 

 parts, to be phycd on three inllruments ; and a third, hnr. 

 vmnia arUficiifo arinfd, publilhed at Nuremberg, coiiiilting of 

 pieces in feven parts, to be played on three inllruments. In 

 tliis lall work he is llyled i)(7/>//;r. In knowledge of the 

 finger-hoarcl, doulde flops, and ufe of the bovy-, as well as 

 compofition, he feems to have furpalied all preceding 

 violiuiils. 



BIBERACH, in Geography, an imperial city of Ger- 

 many, in the circle of Swubia, fituate in a valley, watered 

 by the Riefs, near the Danube. The magifliates and peo- 

 ple are partly protellants aiid partly catholics ; and the 

 church, as well as the hofpital, are common to both. Tlie 

 treaty of Wellphalia requires that it Ihould have as many 

 catholics as Lutherans in the fenate. It is governed, as to 

 its offices, like the city of Augiburg. It has a large manu. 

 failure ot fullians. The number of boufcs is eflimated at 

 900, of inhabitants at 6,600, and of burghers at 900. This 

 city is very ancient, and was known in the year 751, under 

 Pepin. By the plan of indemnities agreed upon by France 

 and Ruffia, this imperial town was conceded to the margrave 

 of Baden. N. lat. 48° 4'. E. long. 10'^ 2'. 



BIBERSTEIN, a fmall town of Swifferland, in the 

 canton of Bern, feated on the north-wefl fide of the Aar. 

 N. lat. 47° 17'. E. long. 7° 56'.— Alio, a balUiwick, with 

 a caflle, in the circle of the Upper Rhine, and bifliopric of 

 Fulda, 8 miles eafl of Fulda. 



BIIjIENA, Bfrnardo Da, Cardinal, whofe proper 

 name was J)ovizi, or Divizio, vvas born of an obfcure fa- 

 mily at Bibiena, in the Cefentine, in 1470, and entered into 

 the fervice of the family of Lorenzo di Medici. He attached 

 himfelf to cardinal John, afterwards pope Leo X., whom 

 he accompanied in his exile and ferved with affeClion and 

 fidelity. At Rome he ingratiated himfelf with pope Julius 

 II., by whom he was employed in fome concerns of import- 

 ance, and by whom his fervices were approved. On the 

 death of Julius, he artfully pcrfuaded the cardinals, that his 

 mailer, though only 36 years of age, vvas not likely to live 

 long, and by this artifice obtained his cleftion. Leo was 

 not inienjible of his obligatioi;;,, and made him his firll trea- 

 fnrer, and in 1513, cardinal. In the direftion of the works 

 of the holy hoiile of Loretto, in which he was employed, 

 he encouraged men of liierature, and engaged the bell art- 

 ill?, particidarly Raphael. Leo alio deputed him as legate 

 to the pontifical army againll the duke of Urbino, then to 

 the emperor Maximilian, and afterwardo, in 1518, to Fran- 

 cis I. 



