B I B 



B I B 



the firH edition of the whole Bible, tranflateJ from the vul- 

 gar text into French, was printed, in 1530, at Antwerp, by 

 Martin Lempereur, with privilege from Charles V. The 

 firft edition of this Bible, in 1530, is in the Paris librai-y ; 

 find the" fecond, in 1534, which is larger, is extant in the 

 hbraries of St. Germain des Prez, and of St. Genevieve. 

 Tliefe two editions precede that of Robert Olivetan, the 

 firft publiflied by the Proteftants, ii; 1535. The tranllatlon 

 above-mentioned was printed the third time at Antwerp, 

 in 1540, and is preferved in the Jefuits' library of the col- 

 lege of Lewis le Grand. This tranflation was revifcd 

 by the divines of Louvain, and was the foundation of all 

 the French Bibles, fince publidied cither by the Catholics 

 or Proteilants. The firll is that of Robert Olivetan, a 

 liiiifmaii of Calvin, who has copied the Antwerp tranflation, 

 R'.id merely correfttd fuch paflTages as differed from the He- 

 brew text. A new edition was givtn by Calvin, which comes 

 rearer to the vulgar Lati:i : and of this Bible many editions 

 were publithcd between the years 1550 and 1561. In 1560 

 was publiflied a new edition of the Bible, revifed by Theo- 

 dore Btrza. In the following year another French tranfla- 

 tion of the Bible, from the Italian vcrfion of Diodati, was 

 publillied, and held for fome time in ellimation by the Cal- 

 viniits. In 158?, the Geneva tranflation was again corrtftcd, 

 and rendered more conformable to the Hebrew and Greek 

 text. This was revifcd by McfTrs. Dtfmaret?, minifters of 

 Groningen, and printed with notesat Amflerdam, in 16^9. 

 In the year 1555, Sebaftian Callalio publifhed another 

 French tranflation of the Bible from the Latin, the flyle 

 of which is affected andobfcure. 



A reform.ation of the French Geneva Bible, by Renatns 

 Beneditl, profciTorof'divinity in the college of IN'avarrc, was 

 publifhed in 1566. This was condemned by a brief of Gre- 

 gory XIII, in 157J. A new edition was undertaken fome 

 time after, altogether conformable to the Latin, and free 

 from the errors of the Calvinifls, by the doftors of Louvain, 

 who followed the old Antwerp tranflation, and that of Qli- 

 v-jtan, which they correcl:ed: which was printed by privilege 

 from the king of Spain, and under the fanftion of thelicenfe 

 of the prcfs at Antwerp, in 1578 ; at Lyons, in 15^5 ; and 

 in fevcral other places. The fubRqucnt Bibles were for 

 fome tim.e copies of the Louvain edition, with fome correc- 

 tions ; fuch were that of Peter BcfTc, printed at Paris, in 

 1608, and that of Peter Frifon, printed at Paris, in 1620. 

 Corbin's Bible, printed in 1641, and approved by the doc- 

 tors of Poiclier?, recedes more than the rell from the Bible 

 of Louvain, and adheres more clofely to the literal fenfe of 

 the text of the vnl.rar Latin. A new edition of the verfion 

 of the doftors of Louvain, revifed and corredled agreeably 

 to the text of the ancient Vulgate, was publifhed by father 

 Veron, in 1647, and dedicated to the clergy of France. 

 The tranflation of Abbot de Marolles, is done from the 

 Greek text, or rather from the verfion of Erafmuf, and was 

 firft publifhed in 1649, ag^'" in 1653, a:id a third time in 

 1 655. The edition of the N. T. called the edition of Mons, 

 was publifhed in 1667, under the name of Jafper Migeot, 

 printer at Mons. Father Amelot's tranflation of the N. T. 

 was firfl printed at Paris, in 1666. Godeau's tranflation was 

 printed at Paris, in i ()68. The whole Bible was alfo tranf- 

 laied by Ifaac de Maitrc, of Sacy, from the Vulgate, and 

 partly publifhed in his life, and afterwards continued by 

 Peter Thomas, lord of Foffe. Du Quefnel's tranflation of 

 the N. T. differs little from t':.at of Mons, otherwife than by 

 being more conf jrmable to the vulgar Latin. Father Ben- 

 hours has alfo publifhed a tranflation of the N. T. and many 

 others have in later times tranflated either the whole or various 

 parts of the Bible. 

 Vox.. IV. 



Bibles, German. Luther's tranflation of the Bible iiit<» 

 German, was done with the afGIlance of Melaufthon, and 

 others of his difciples, the Old Teflaraent from the Hebrew, 

 and the New from the Greek, in 1524, and the publication 

 of it, in feveral fucceeding editions, vei7 much contributed to 

 the progrefs of the reformation. This was foon followed 

 by a German tranflation by Jerom Emfer, a catholic, who 

 in his notes criticifes that of Luther ; and by another tranf- 

 lation, done by John of Dietenbergh, from the vulgar Latin, 

 in oppofition to that of Luther. Luther's edition, reformed 

 by the Zuinglians and Calvinifts, in various editions, was 

 publiflied at Newftad in 1588, and at Herborn in 1595, to 

 the diflatisfaction of the Lutherans. The German tranfla- 

 tion of Paul Eber, a Lutheran, was printed at Wittenberg 

 in 1564; and Gemian tranflations were alfo printed by Leon 

 Juda, and John Pifcator, both Calvinifts. A new tranfla- 

 tion in German, by Jafper Ulenberg, a Cathohc, not to men- 

 tion many others, was printed at Cologn in 1630, and wa» 

 much ufed ni Germany. 



Bibles, Fkm'ijl}. The Catholics in the Netherlands had 

 feveral Fleniifh tranflations of the Bible in the l6th century. 

 One was printed in 154.8, which was tranflated by Nicholas 

 Van Winghe, who fays that he followed a Flemifh tranflation 

 printed in Holland 70 years before, i.e. long before the re- 

 formation. This Bible was revifed by the doctors of Lou- 

 vain, and printed afterwards at Antwerp in 1599, and often 

 fince. The Proteftants in the Low Countries had for a long 

 time only a tranflation made after the German Bible of 

 Luther, till in purfuance of an order iffued by the fynod of 

 Dort, in 1618, they had a new tranflation printed in 1O37, 

 exadtly conformable to the Hebrew text of the Old, and the 

 Greek of the New Ttitament. The Arminians, diffatisfied 

 with this, made another Dutch tranflation from the Greeks 

 which was printed at Amfterdam in 1680. 



The northern nations, who embraced the doctrines of 

 Luther, have no other tranflations of the Bible beCdes theft 

 done in the vulgar tongue after the German of Luther. 

 Tlie Swedilh tranflation was made by Laurence Petri, arch- 

 bifhop of Upfal, a difciple of Luther, and printed at Stock- 

 holm in 1646. The I)anes have alfo one in their language, 

 pviblifhed firft in 1524, and fince revifed and reprinted in l6;3. 

 There is alfo a tranflation of the Bible in the Iceland tongue, 

 which fome pretend to be the ancient language of the Nor- 

 wegians or Goths: and another Finland tranflation in 1648. 

 The Laplanders have alfo the Pfalms, and fome other books 

 of the Bible, tranflated into their own language. In the 

 Polifh language, the Socinians have a Bible printed in 1563, 

 and they have hkewife a Polifh Bible in Lithuania, printed 

 in 1652, done from the Greek and Hebrew by Simon Budni. 

 Sands alfo mentions a tranflation of the New Teftament bj 

 Martin Czechovius, a Socinian, printed with notes in 1577. 

 Pope Gregor)' XIII. employed the Jefuit Vieki to make a 

 new tranflation of the Bible in the Poliih language, which 

 was printed at Cracow in 1 591), with the approbation of 

 Clement VIII. Tlie Bohemians iiave a Bible in their lan- 

 guage, with notes, printed in Germany from 1579 till 1601. 

 The Hungarians have a tranflation done by George Caidi, a 

 Jefuit, and printed at Vienna in 1626. Tliey have alfo an- 

 other more ancient, printed at Frankfort in 1608, and at 

 Oppenheim in 1612. 



BiBLLS, Indian. A tranflation of the Bible into the 

 North AmericHn Indian language, by Elliott, was publifhed 

 in 4to. at Cambridge, in 16S5. 



Bibles, Saxon. After the Saxon inhabitants of this 

 country were converted to Chriilianity, we have reafon to 

 believe that they foon had the wliole Bible in the charac- 

 ters of their own country, and that the four Gofpels in the 

 Tt fame 



