B I N 



ditcrranean fca. The dorfal fin is filamentous, body marked 

 with a brown fpot in tlie middle, and another near the tail. 

 Gmtl. S;c. 



BIMACULOSA, in Entomology, a Tpecies of Cocci- 

 NtLLA, with fulvous wing- cafes, having two obfolete white 

 fcmilunar patclus. Hcrbit. apud Fuefsli, 5:c. 



BiMAcuLOSA, a fpecies of Phal^na, that inhabits Ger- 

 many. Colour whitifli grey ; antijrior winps rather clouded ; 

 polterior ones with two black fpots. Fabricius, f^'c. 



BIMATRA, in ylnchiU Geoji-n/i/.y, a town of Af:a in 

 Mcfopot:;mia. Ptolemy. 



BIMBELE' oil faiijfe Linalte, in Ornilhology, a name 

 given by Buffon to a fpecies of motacilla, iince called 

 ny Eatliani the palm luorller, and moiucilla pahnarum by 

 Gmclin. 



BIMEDIAL, in Miithmal'irs. When two medial lines, 

 as AB and EC, commcnfui-ablc only 

 in power, and containing a rational B C 



reftanglc, are compounded ; the A | | | 



whole AC (hall be irrational, with 



refpeft to either of the two, and is called tijlrj} Hmedtal line. 



But if two medial lines, cotnmenfurable only in power, 

 and containing a medial rcftajigle, be compounded, the 

 whole will be irrational, and is called zfaond birmdiil line. 

 Eutl. lib. X. prop. 38 and 31;. 



BIMFNI, in Geography, one of the Bahama iflands on the 

 well fide of the great Bahama bank, near the gulf of Florida. 

 Its compafs is about twenty miles, and it has a good harbour. 

 N. lat. if. AV. long. 79° 3+'. 



BIMPLEPATAM, or Bimlipatam, a fea-port town 

 of Hindollan, on the wellcrn fide of the bav of Bengal, in 

 the circar of Cicacole, 35 miles S.S.W. of Cicacole. N. lat. 

 iS'' 10'. E. long. 83° 15'. 



BIMUCRONATUS, in Entomology, a fpecies of Scara- 

 BJEUS, that inhabits Amboyna. It is teftaceous ; fiiankscf 

 the anterior legs large, and bearded ; fliield of the head 

 mucronated on both fides, and bordered with fine hairs. 



BINA, in Geography, a town of Italy, in the Cremonefe, 

 10 miles N.E. from Cremona. 



BINACLE, in Sea-Language. See Bittacle. 



BINAG A RA, in AnSicnt Geography, a town of India, on 

 this fide the Ganges. Ptolemy. 



BINARD Island, in Geography, a long and narrow 

 ifland on the north coaft of France, to the ealt of Roteneuf 

 point, having entrances at both the call and weft end, and 

 within i: a found or bay. It hes to the eall of St. Maloes, 

 towards Cancale. 



BINAROS, or Vinaros, a town of Spain in Valencia, 

 on the confines of Catalonia, near the coail of the Mediter- 

 ranean, at the mouth of a river, which forms a fmall harbour, 

 with anchorage at about a cannon (hot from the town, in 6 

 to 9 fathoms. It is furroundcd with walls, and defended by 

 fome cannon ; 5 miles north of Pcnnifeola, and 20 fouth of 

 Tortofa. 



BINARY Number, that which is compofed of two units. 



Binary Arithmetic, a method of computation firil pro- 

 pofed by M. Leibnitz ; wherein, in lieu of the ten figures in 

 the common arithmetic, and the progreffion from 10 to 10, 

 he has only two figures, and ufes the fimple progreffion from 

 two to two. 



Jof. Pelican, of Prague, h-,>.s more largely explained the 

 principh s and praaice of the binary arithmetic, in a book 

 entitled, " Arithmeticus perfcclus, qui tria numcrare nefcit," 

 1712. 



All his charaacrs ufed in this arithmetic are o and i ; 

 and the cipher, here, multiplics-every thing by 2, as it does 

 in the com.-non arithmetic by 10. Thus, i is one; 10, 



B I N 



two; II, three; ico, four; loi, five; no, fix; ill, 



feven ; looo, eight; looi, nine; loio, ten, &c. being 

 founded on the fame principles with the common arithmetic. 

 Hence immediately appears the reafon of the celebrated 

 property of the duphcate geometrical proportion in whole 

 numbers ; viz. that one number of each degree being had, 

 we may thence compofe all the other whole numbers abov« 

 the double of the higheft degree. It being here, v. gr. as 

 if one (hould fay iii is the fura of 4, 2, and i, 

 'which property may ferve affayers to weigh all 

 kinds of maffes with a little weight ; and may be 

 ufed in coins, to give feveral values with fmall 

 piece?. This method of expreffing numbers once 

 cllablifiied, all the operations will be eafy : in mul- 

 tiplication particularly, there will be no need for a table, or 

 getting any thing by heart. The author, however, does not 

 recommend this method for common ufe, becaufe of the great 

 number of figures required to exprefs a num.ber ; adding, 

 that if the common progreffion were from 12 to 12, or from 

 16 to 16, it would be itill more expeditious: but its ufe is 

 in difcoveiing the properties of numbers, in conftrufting 

 tables, S:c. What makes the binary arithmetic the more re- 

 markable is that it appears to have been the fame with that 

 ufed 4000 years ago among the Chinefe, and left in xnigma 

 by Fohi, the founder of their empire, as well as of their 

 fciences. M. Lagny has propofed a new fyftem of loga- 

 rithms, on the plan of the binary arithmetic ; which he finds 

 (liorter, more eafv, and natural than the common ones. 



Binary, a time in Mufic, confilling of two crotchets 

 or two minims in a bar. 



BINASCO, in Geography, a town of Italy, in the Mi- 

 lanefe, 10 miles fouth of Milan. 



BINATED Leaf, in Botany. See Leaf. 



BINCHE, in Geography, a town of the Netherlands, in 

 the county of Kainaut, fituated in a fertile country, on the 

 river Haifne ; and, according to the French diilribution, a 

 place and canton in the diftridl of Charleroy and depart- 

 ment of Jemappe. The town contains 3798 perfons, and 

 the population of the canton is eflimated at 13,908. The 

 extent of the territory comprehends 125 kiliometres and 16 

 communes. Binche was burned by Henry II. of France in 

 1554, and foon after rebuilt. In 1578, it was taken by John 

 duke of Aullria, and retaken in the fame year by the duke 

 of Alen9on. The Spaniards regained poiTenion of it, and 

 ceded it to France at the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, but the 

 peace of Nimeguen reftored it, together with itsjurifdic^ion, 

 including 51 towns andvillages, to Spain. It is diftant 8 

 miles E.S.E. from Mons. 



BIND, in Commerce, contains 10 ftrikes of eels; each 

 ilrike including 25. 



B1ND-/KW, in Botany. See Convolvulus. 



TiifiD-IVeeef, i/aci. See Tamus. 



^itiO-lVeeii, rough. See Smilax. 



BiND-/F;V/'. See Clematis. 



BINDEN, in Geography, a town of Swifferland in the 

 Valais, near the river Binna. N. lat. 46° 13'. E. long. 7^ 58'. 



BINDER-OozE, the weakeft kind of tan-ooze. See 

 Tanning. 



BINDING Joists, in ArchiteBure. See Joists. 



Binding, in the .//;•/ of Defence, a method of fecuring or 

 croffing the adverfary's iword with a prefTure, accompanied 

 with a fpring from the wrift. See Beating. 



Unkfs a man, by fome kind of crofs, fecure, as it were, or 

 render his adverfary's fvvord incapable to find him during 

 the time of his performing a leflbn upon him, it is impoffible 

 for him to be certain but that he may receive from his ad- 

 verfary, either a fortuitous contretemps, or an exchanged 



thrult, 



